Soziologen in der klinischen Praxis: ein Beispiel aus einer Medizinisch-Geriatrischen Klinik

Der Aufsatz geht der Frage nach, 'welche Rolle der klinischen Soziologie bzw. dem Soziologen in einer Klinik zukommen kann, deren Aufgabe in der Rehabilitation vorwiegend älterer Menschen besteht'. Er geht auf den Begriff 'klinische Soziologie' ein, beschreibt die Rolle und die Rollenkonflikte des Soziologen in der klinischen Rehabilitation sowie die Tätigkeitsfelder Dokumentation und Forschung als Praxis des Soziologen in diesem Bereich. Am Beispiel der Medizinisch-Geriatrischen Klinik in Hamburg und in Anlehnung an den konzeptionellen Ansatz von Attkisson und Hargreaves stellt er dann den Bereich Forschung und Dokumentation detailliert vor. Abschließend behandelt er die Frage nach der Transformation der Ergebnisse in den Klinikalltag und darüberhinaus. Er zeigt Wege auf, 'wie auf der Grundlage von Forschungsergebnissen und im Rahmen ihrer Umsetzung vielfältige Möglichkeiten der Einflußnahme durch oder über die Rolle eines klinischen Soziologen bestehen können'. (pag

National disaster preparedness and emergency response of nurses in Germany: An exploratory qualitative study

Aim: This study aimed to explore the German nurses’ perceptions of their knowledge, roles and experience in the field of national preparedness and emergency response. Methods: An exploratory qualitative design was used with open-ended questions during semi-structured interviews with qualified nurses currently working in hospitals. The setting of the study consisted of wards of different hospitals in three northern federal states of Germany. The data analysis was done by summarizing analysis of the contents. From a convenient sample of n=31 hospitals, n=13 nurses were included in the study. Results: The median age of the participants was 45 years and 38% were female. Within the three professional socialization fields, knowledge, roles and experience, 17 themes were clustered. Conclusion: Within the themes of knowledge, role and experience in national disaster prepared-ness and emergency response, similarities and differences were explored in comparison to inter-national literature

Nurses’ roles, knowledge and experience in national disaster pre-paredness and emergency response: A literature review

Aim: Nurses play a central role in disaster preparedness and management, as well as in emergency response, in many countries over the world. Care in a disaster environment is different from day-to-day nursing care and nurses have special needs during a disaster. However, disaster nursing education is seldom provided and a lack of curricula exists in many countries around the world. The aim of this literature review is to provide an overview of nurses’ roles, knowledge and experience in national disaster preparedness and emergency response. Methods: An electronic search was conducted using multiple literature databases. All items were included, regardless of the publication year. All abstracts were screened for relevance and a synthesis of evidence of relevant articles was undertaken. Relevant information was extracted, summarized and categorized. Out of 432 reviewed references, information of 68 articles was included in this review. Results: The sub-themes of the first main theme (a) roles of nurses during emergency response include the expectations of the hospital and the public, general and special roles of nurses, assignments of medical tasks, special role during a pandemic influenza, role conflicts during a disaster, willingness to respond to a disaster. For (b) disaster preparedness knowledge of nurses, the corresponding sub-themes include the definition of a disaster, core competencies and curriculum, undergraduate nursing education and continuing education programs, disaster drills, training and exercises, preparedness. The sub-themes for the last theme (c) disaster experiences of nurses include the work environment, nursing care, feelings, stressors, willingness to respond as well as lessons learned and impacts. Conclusion: There is consensus in the literature that nurses are key players in emergency response. However, no clear mandate for nurses exists concerning their tasks during a disaster. For a nurse, to be able to respond to a disaster, personal and professional preparedness, in terms of education and training, are central. The Framework of Disaster Nursing Competencies of the WHO and ICN, broken down into national core competencies, will serve as a sufficient complement to the knowledge and skills of nurses already acquired through basic nursing curricula. During and after a disaster, attention should be applied to the work environment, feelings and stressors of nurses, not only to raise the willingness to respond to a disaster. Where non-existent, national directives and concepts for disaster nursing should be developed and nurses should be aware of their duties. Nursing educators should prepare nurses for disasters, by adjusting the curricula and by meeting the increased need for education and training in disaster nursing for all groups of nurses. The appropriateness of theoretical and practical preparation of disaster nursing competencies in undergraduate nursing courses and continuing education programmes should be evaluated

National disaster preparedness and emergency response of nurses in Germany: An exploratory qualitative study

Aim: This study aimed to explore the German nurses’ perceptions of their knowledge, roles and experience in the field of national preparedness and emergency response. Methods: An exploratory qualitative design was used with open-ended questions during semi-structured interviews with qualified nurses currently working in hospitals. The setting of the study consisted of wards of different hospitals in three northern federal states of Germany. The data analysis was done by summarizing analysis of the contents. From a convenient sample of n=31 hospitals, n=13 nurses were included in the study. Results: The median age of the participants was 45 years and 38% were female. Within the three professional socialization fields, knowledge, roles and experience, 17 themes were clustered. Conclusion: Within the themes of knowledge, role and experience in national disaster prepared-ness and emergency response, similarities and differences were explored in comparison to inter-national literature. Source of funding: This study did not receive any form of financial or other support. Acknowledgements: We would like to thank the nurses who participated in this study. We would also like to thank the nursing managers of the hospitals, the head of the departments and the head nurses for approaching their employees and colleagues. Conflict of interest: None declare

Hierarchie

Kühl S. Hierarchie. In: Oberreuter H, Görres-Gesellschaft, Herder Verlag, eds. Staatslexikon : Recht - Wirtschaft - Gesellschaft : in 5 Bänden. 3. Band : Herrschaft-Migration. 8. völlig neu bearbeitete Auflage. Freiburg im Breisgau: Verlag Herder GmbH; 2020: 18-19

Nurses’ roles, knowledge and experience in national disaster pre-paredness and emergency response: A literature review

Aim: Nurses play a central role in disaster preparedness and management, as well as in emergency response, in many countries over the world. Care in a disaster environment is different from day-to-day nursing care and nurses have special needs during a disaster. However, disaster nursing education is seldom provided and a lack of curricula exists in many countries around the world. The aim of this literature review is to provide an overview of nurses’ roles, knowledge and experience in national disaster preparedness and emergency response.Methods: An electronic search was conducted using multiple literature databases. All items were included, regardless of the publication year. All abstracts were screened for relevance and a synthesis of evidence of relevant articles was undertaken. Relevant information was extracted, summarized and categorized. Out of 432 reviewed references, information of 68 articles was included in this review.Results: The sub-themes of the first main theme (a) roles of nurses during emergency response include the expectations of the hospital and the public, general and special roles of nurses, assignments of medical tasks, special role during a pandemic influenza, role conflicts during a disaster, willingness to respond to a disaster. For (b) disaster preparedness knowledge of nurses, the corresponding sub-themes include the definition of a disaster, core competencies and curriculum, undergraduate nursing education and continuing education programs, disaster drills, training and exercises, preparedness. The sub-themes for the last theme (c) disaster experiences of nurses include the work environment, nursing care, feelings, stressors, willingness to respond as well as lessons learned and impacts.Conclusion: There is consensus in the literature that nurses are key players in emergency response. However, no clear mandate for nurses exists concerning their tasks during a disaster. For a nurse, to be able to respond to a disaster, personal and professional preparedness, in terms of education and training, are central. The Framework of Disaster Nursing Competencies of the WHO and ICN, broken down into national core competencies, will serve as a sufficient complement to the knowledge and skills of nurses already acquired through basic nursing curricula. During and after a disaster, attention should be applied to the work environment, feelings and stressors of nurses, not only to raise the willingness to respond to a disaster. Where non-existent, national directives and concepts for disaster nursing should be developed and nurses should be aware of their duties. Nursing educators should prepare nurses for disasters, by adjusting the curricula and by meeting the increased need for education and training in disaster nursing for all groups of nurses. The appropriateness of theoretical and practical preparation of disaster nursing competencies in undergraduate nursing courses and continuing education programmes should be evaluated.  

Development and evaluation of a cancer-related fatigue patient education program: protocol of a randomized controlled trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and its impact on patients' quality of life has been an increasing subject of research. However, in Germany there is a lack of evidence-based interventions consistent with the multidimensional character of fatigue. The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate a self-management program for disease-free cancer patients to cope with CRF.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Based on evidence extracted from a literature review, a curriculum for the self-management program was elaborated. The curriculum was reviewed and validated by an interdisciplinary expert group and the training-modules will be pretested with a small number of participants and discussed in terms of feasibility and acceptance.</p> <p>To determine the efficacy of the program a randomised controlled trial will be carried out: 300 patients will be recruited from oncological practices in Bremen, Germany, and will be allocated to intervention or control group. The intervention group participates in the program, whereas the control group receives standard care and the opportunity to take part in the program after the end of the follow-up (waiting control group). Primary outcome measure is the level of fatigue, secondary outcome measures are quality of life, depression, anxiety, self-efficacy and physical activity. Data will be collected before randomisation, after intervention, and after a follow-up of 6 months.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Because there are no comparable self-management programs for cancer survivors with fatigue, the development of the curriculum has been complex; therefore, the critical appraisal by the experts was an important step to validate the program and their contributions have been integrated into the curriculum. The experts appreciated the program as filling a gap in outpatient cancer care.</p> <p>If the results of the evaluation prove to be satisfactory, the outpatient care of cancer patients can be broadened and supplemented.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p>ClinicalTrials NCT00552552</p

Evidenzbasierung pflegerischen Handelns als Herausforderung für die Pflegeforschung

Schaeffer D, Behrens J, Görres S. Evidenzbasierung pflegerischen Handelns als Herausforderung für die Pflegeforschung. In: Schaeffer D, Behrens J, Görres S, eds. Optimierung und Evidenzbasierung pflegerischen Handelns. Ergebnisse und Herausforderungen der Pflegeforschung. München: Juventa; 2008: 7-10

Gemeinsame Erklärung der SprecherInnen der Pflegeforschungsverbünde. Zur Förderung der Pflegeforschung in Deutschland: Interdisziplinarität setzt entwickelte Disziplinen voraus

Behrens J, Görres S, Schaeffer D. Gemeinsame Erklärung der SprecherInnen der Pflegeforschungsverbünde. Zur Förderung der Pflegeforschung in Deutschland: Interdisziplinarität setzt entwickelte Disziplinen voraus. Pflege &amp; Gesellschaft. 2009;14(4):382-383

Optimierung und Evidenzbasierung pflegerischen Handelns. Ergebnisse und Herausforderungen der Pflegeforschung

Schaeffer D, Behrens J, Görres S, eds. Optimierung und Evidenzbasierung pflegerischen Handelns. Ergebnisse und Herausforderungen der Pflegeforschung.; 2008