Análisis económico y estadístico de la producción industrial en el Distrito Federal del Cáucaso Norte de la Federación Rusa

En el artículo se fundamenta la necesidad de evaluar el potencial industrial de una región para elaborar una política industrial regional eficaz que tenga debidamente en cuenta las limitaciones económicas y los cambios exógenos globales en curso. Para lograr este objetivo, el estudio utiliza las herramientas y métodos de la estadística matemática y el análisis de sistemas. Los autores del artículo analizan la dinámica de la producción industrial en el Distrito Federal del Cáucaso Norte de la Federación de Rusia, así como la eficiencia del uso de los recursos por parte de determinadas industrias y actividades. Como resultado, determinan direcciones prometedoras para el desarrollo del potencial industrial en la región

Deep Learning-Based Automatic Assessment of Lung Impairment in COVID-19 Pneumonia: Predicting Markers of Hypoxia With Computer Vision

BackgroundHypoxia is a potentially life-threatening condition that can be seen in pneumonia patients.ObjectiveWe aimed to develop and test an automatic assessment of lung impairment in COVID-19 associated pneumonia with machine learning regression models that predict markers of respiratory and cardiovascular functioning from radiograms and lung CT.Materials and MethodsWe enrolled a total of 605 COVID-19 cases admitted to Al Ain Hospital from 24 February to 1 July 2020 into the study. The inclusion criteria were as follows: age ≥ 18 years; inpatient admission; PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2; lung CT available at PACS. We designed a CNN-based regression model to predict systemic oxygenation markers from lung CT and 2D diagnostic images of the chest. The 2D images generated by averaging CT scans were analogous to the frontal and lateral view radiograms. The functional (heart and breath rate, blood pressure) and biochemical findings (SpO2, HCO3-, K+, Na+, anion gap, C-reactive protein) served as ground truth.ResultsRadiologic findings in the lungs of COVID-19 patients provide reliable assessments of functional status with clinical utility. If fed to ML models, the sagittal view radiograms reflect dyspnea more accurately than the coronal view radiograms due to the smaller size and the lower model complexity. Mean absolute error of the models trained on single-projection radiograms was approximately 11÷12% and it dropped by 0.5÷1% if both projections were used (11.97 ± 9.23 vs. 11.43 ± 7.51%; p = 0.70). Thus, the ML regression models based on 2D images acquired in multiple planes had slightly better performance. The data blending approach was as efficient as the voting regression technique: 10.90 ± 6.72 vs. 11.96 ± 8.30%, p = 0.94. The models trained on 3D images were more accurate than those on 2D: 8.27 ± 4.13 and 11.75 ± 8.26%, p = 0.14 before lung extraction; 10.66 ± 5.83 and 7.94 ± 4.13%, p = 0.18 after the extraction. The lung extraction boosts 3D model performance unsubstantially (from 8.27 ± 4.13 to 7.94 ± 4.13%; p = 0.82). However, none of the differences between 3D and 2D were statistically significant.ConclusionThe constructed ML algorithms can serve as models of structure-function association and pathophysiologic changes in COVID-19. The algorithms can improve risk evaluation and disease management especially after oxygen therapy that changes functional findings. Thus, the structural assessment of acute lung injury speaks of disease severity

Temperature and velocity conditions of air flow in vertical channel of hinged ventilated facade of a multistory building.

This article considers the influence of the building's tallness and the presence of mounting grooved lines on the parameters of heat transfer in the gap of a hinged ventilated facade. A numerical description of the processes occurring in a heat-gravitational flow is given. The average velocity and temperature of the heat-gravitational flow of a structure with open and sealed rusts are determined with unchanged geometric parameters of the gap. The dependence of the parameters influencing the thermomechanical characteristics of the enclosing structure is derived depending on the internal parameters of the system. Physical modeling of real multistory structures is performed by projecting actual parameters onto a reduced laboratory model (scaling)

Dynamics and Accounting of GHG Emissions in the World

The problem of climate change on the planet has been gradually forming since the middle of the 20th century. as the idea of a universal threat, to combat which humanity needs to unite and regulate the waste of resources. To do this, the problem of global climate change had to be introduced both into the political and economic agenda, and into the basic world system of values. Only then would climate rhetoric be able to influence political decisions and shape the way people live, as well as influence the global economy. But for this it is necessary to prove that humans are to blame for global climate change. The fact that nature is constantly changing, scientists knew until the middle of the 20th century. But it was believed that the reasons for this lie in the laws of long and short climatic cycles, and man has nothing to do with global changes. And this means that it is impossible to justify the reasons why the global community and individuals should change their behavior. That is, without substantiating the anthropogenic impact on global climate change, this topic cannot claim to be the central determinant of economic and political development

Experimental Assessment of Moisture Transfer in the Vertical Ventilated Channel

This article considers the moisture transfer phenomenon in the vertical ventilated channel. Also the article considers innovative structures for the vertical ventilated channel.The negative factors connected with moisture accumulation and excessive moistening of a heat insulation are given. Optimum design parameters for definition of the most intensive moisture transfer are discovered: systems with and without grooved lines. Influence that existence of technological gaps (grooved lines) has on the speed of air flows in a gap is investigated. Dependence of speed on width of the ventilated gap for a design with the opened and closed grooved lines is established empirically. The dehumidification properties of the vertical ventilated channel are described, as well as dependence of mass evaporation rate on time is established. Processes of drying-out in various conditions are compared

Experimental Assessment of Moisture Transfer in the Vertical Ventilated Channel

This article considers the moisture transfer phenomenon in the vertical ventilated channel. Also the article considers innovative structures for the vertical ventilated channel.The negative factors connected with moisture accumulation and excessive moistening of a heat insulation are given. Optimum design parameters for definition of the most intensive moisture transfer are discovered: systems with and without grooved lines. Influence that existence of technological gaps (grooved lines) has on the speed of air flows in a gap is investigated. Dependence of speed on width of the ventilated gap for a design with the opened and closed grooved lines is established empirically. The dehumidification properties of the vertical ventilated channel are described, as well as dependence of mass evaporation rate on time is established. Processes of drying-out in various conditions are compared

INCREASING THE EXPORT POTENTIAL OF REGIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF EXOGENOUS CHANGES

The article dwells on the issues of increasing the export potential of Russian regions due to emerging economic restrictions and ongoing global exogenous changes. Objective: The study aims at creating an algorithm for improving the efficiency of regional exports, including: increasing sales of existing export goods, searching for new international trading partners, and launching global business projects. Methods: The current structure of exports and the export potential of Russian regions were analyzed as exemplified by the North Caucasian Federal District. The research materials include statistical reports posted in the public domain by the Federal Service of State Statistics and the Russian Export Center. Results: Based on the analysis conducted, a matrix of criteria for selecting partner countries is proposed. It highlights priority areas of foreign trade, promotes strategic decisions for the best development of exports, and determines the optimal criteria for finding an exporting country. Conclusion: The custom matrix can contribute to the development of exports and the export potential of a particular region based on the revealed elements in modern conditions

Functionality of Ventilated Facades: Protection of Insulation

This article discusses about methods of construction of the ventilated facades. The ventilated facade is not only the element of facing, it is the supporting structure. Their main objective - creation of air ventilating space between a facade and an external wall of the building. Moving of air in this gap protects a heater from destruction, interfering with a moisture congestion. In addition, the ventilated facade protect the building from aggressive influence of external environment, have a sound and thermal insulation properties. There are several problems of systems of the ventilated facades connected with an application of a heater. For more effective using it is necessary to minimize contact of a heater with environment

Moisture Transfer in Ventilated Facade Structures

This article discusses the phenomenon of moisture transfer in the designs of ventilated facades (VF). The main ways of moisture transfer are defined. The negative factors connected with moisture accumulation and excessive moistening of insulation are given. The physical processes occurring in the gap of the building envelope due to saturation of air with water vapor are described. The dependence of the intensity of the mass transfer on the air velocity in the layer is considered. Much attention is paid to the selection of the optimum design of the facade, namely a system with or without grooved lines. The dependence of velocity and temperature on the width of the ventilated gap is established empirically for the constructions with open and closed grooves. Expediency of a design without grooves to effectively remove moisture is determined

Functionality of Ventilated Facades: Protection of Insulation

This article discusses about methods of construction of the ventilated facades. The ventilated facade is not only the element of facing, it is the supporting structure. Their main objective - creation of air ventilating space between a facade and an external wall of the building. Moving of air in this gap protects a heater from destruction, interfering with a moisture congestion. In addition, the ventilated facade protect the building from aggressive influence of external environment, have a sound and thermal insulation properties. There are several problems of systems of the ventilated facades connected with an application of a heater. For more effective using it is necessary to minimize contact of a heater with environment