Biochemical aspects of modified, transdermal replacement hormone therapy

Abstract Objectives: The aim of the study is to evaluate the influence of modified, transdermal, hormone replacement therapy [HRT] and hormone supplement therapy [HST] on concentration of FSH , LH, E1, E2, PR, IGF1, GH and bone density of lumbar vertebrae in women with osteopenia in postmenopausal period. Material and methods: 65 women were enrolled, aged from 43 to 58, divided into three groups based on a randomized list. Group I control used transdermal placebo, group II used transdermal hormonal therapy [HRT] and group III used hormonal therapy per oss [HST]. The concentrations of hormones were estimate by radioimmunoenzymatic methods. Statistic analysis was based on Statistical PL. Result: After transdermal hormonal therapy [HRT], the concentration of hormones is normalized and there is a significant increase of bone density of lumbar vertebrae. Hormonal supplement therapy per oss [HST]. There is the decrease of IGF1, BMD, and increase of concentrations of estrogens, prolactin, GH. Conclusion: 1. Transdermal, hormone replacement therapy [HRT] modulates concentration of sex hormones and bone metabolism. 2. Hyperestrogenism, hyperprolactinemia, decreased IGF1 concentration and low mineral density in women after HST may cause disorders of chemical estrogens metabolism

New aspects of postmenopausal osteoporosis treatment with micronized estradiol and progesterone

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of postmenopausal osteoporosis treatment with natural sex hormones.Material and methods: The single-blind study included 210 women, randomly allocated to three different groups, with various methods of treatment: Group I (70 controls) received transcutaneous placebo for the course of one year, Group II (70 females, aged 52.2 ± 3.1 years) used oral hormone supplementary therapy (HST), and Group III (70 females, aged 51.9 ± 3.5 years) received transcutaneous modified hormone replacement therapy (MHRT), supplemented with intravaginal lutein, dietary minerals, and 1000 IU of vitamin D3/day.Results: No increase in bone mineral density was observed in the control group. However, mineral density of the vertebral bodies was significantly higher after 3 and 5 years in the HST group (p < 0.05), and after 1 year in the MHRT group (p < 0.01). This increase was even more significant (p < 0.001) after 3 and 5 years in the MHRT group.Conclusions: Transcutaneous hormone therapy with micronized estradiol and progesterone is the treatment of choice in postmenopausal osteoporosis, as evidenced by bone mineral density and biochemical markers

Primeiro relato da ocorrência de Septoria musiva em álamo no Brasil.

O fungo Septoria musiva foi isolado de plantas de álamo com sintomas de mancha foliar e cancro no caule, nos estados do Paraná e Santa Catarina, Brasil, em 2004. Testes de patogenicidade e subseqüente reisolamento de Septoria musiva confirmaram a hipótese de que este fungo era o agente causal da doença. Este é o primeiro relato de Septoria musiva em álamo no Brasil

Primeiro relato da ocorrência de Septoria musiva em álamo no Brasil.

O fungo Septoria musiva foi isolado de plantas de álamo com sintomas de mancha foliar e cancro no caule, nos estados do Paraná e Santa Catarina, Brasil, em 2004. Testes de patogenicidade e subseqüente reisolamento de Septoria musiva confirmaram a hipótese de que este fungo era o agente causal da doença. Este é o primeiro relato de Septoria musiva em álamo no Brasil.bitstream/item/32245/1/primeiro-relato-da-ocorrencia-de-Septoria-musiva....pd

Comparison of Diplodia Tip Blight Pathogens in Spanish and North American Pine Ecosystems

[EN] Diplodia tip blight is the most ubiquitous and abundant disease in Spanish Pinus radiata plantations. The economic losses in forest stands can be very severe because of its abundance in cones and seeds together with the low genetic diversity of the host. Pinus resinosa is not genetically diverse in North America either, and Diplodia shoot blight is a common disease. Disease control may require management designs to be adapted for each region. The genetic diversity of the pathogen could be an indicator of its virulence and spreading capacity. Our objective was to understand the diversity of Diplodia spp. in Spanish plantations and to compare it with the structure of American populations to collaborate in future management guidelines. Genotypic diversity was investigated using microsatellite markers. Eight loci (SS9-SS16) were polymorphic for the 322 isolates genotyped. The results indicate that Diplodia sapinea is the most frequent Diplodia species present in plantations of the north of Spain and has high genetic diversity. The higher genetic diversity recorded in Spain in comparison to previous studies could be influenced by the intensity of the sampling and the evidence about the remarkable influence of the sample type.This research was funded by INIA, grant number: RTA 2017-00063-C04-03, LIFE programme, grant number: LIFE14 ENV/ES/000179 and by the Basque Government, grant number FUNGITRAP 19-00031. Red pine cone collection in New England and pathogen isolation was funded by USDA Forest Service.Aragonés, A.; Manzanos, T.; Stanosz, G.; Munck, IA.; Raposo, R.; Elvira-Recuenco, M.; Berbegal Martinez, M.... (2021). Comparison of Diplodia Tip Blight Pathogens in Spanish and North American Pine Ecosystems. Microorganisms. 9(12):1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122565S11791

Ocena wplywu fluoru, zmodyfikowanej przezskornej hormonoterapii zastepczej i doustnej hormonoterapii wspomaganej w leczeniu osteoporozy opornej u kobiet w okresie pomenopauzalnym

The study was conducted on 40 women in the early postmenopausal period, aged 52.3±3.1 years with primary osteoporosis unmanageable in treatment, divided into 2 groups based on a randomized list. Group I (n-20) was administered orally fluoride 0.25 mg kg-1 24 h-1 with modified transdermal hormone therapy/HRT, and group II (n-20) was administered orally fluoride and supplement hormonal therapy(HST) in 21 therapeutic cycle. The serum concentrations of osteocalcin (OC), procollagen(PICP), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1), prolactin basic (PRL) and prolactin after metoclopramide (PRL/ MCP) 4 times by using radioimmunoassy methods, before treatment and after 1, 3, 12 months of treatment. Bone mineral density (BMD) L2 – L4 was determined before treatment and at 12 month with a dualenergy x-ray absorptiometry scanner (Lunar DPX-1Q). In group I women receiving fluoride and transdermal HRT IGF-1 increased significantly while the concentrations of OC and PICP significantly decreased after 3 and 12 months of treatment but no statistically significant changes in the PRL concentration occurred. In group II women receiving orally fluoride and HST, a significant decrease in the concentration of IGF-1, OC after 3 and 12 months and a significant increase in the concentration of PRL and PRL/ MCP after 1, 3 and 12 months of treatment compared with the baseline values appeared. The concentration of type I procolagen (PICP) showed no statistically significant changes. Increase in bone mineral density was statistically significant L1, L2 (p < 0.05), L3, L4 (p < 0.01) compared with the baseline in the group receiving transdermal HRT. In women receiving fluoride and orally HST increase in the bone mineral density for L1 and L2 was non-insignificant, whereas for L3 and L4 it was significantly higher compared with the baseline (p < 0.05).Badaniem objęto 40 kobiet we wczesnym okresie pomenopauzalnym, w wieku 52,3±3,1 lat, podzielonych wg listy randomizowanej na dwie grupy: grupę I. (n-20) otrzymującą doustnie fluor w dawce 0,25 mg kg-1 24 h-1 oraz zmodyfikowaną przezskórną hormonoterapię zastępczą (HTZ), grupę II (n-20) otrzymującą doustnie fluor w dawce 0,25 mg kg-1 24 h-1 i hormonoterapię wspomaganą (HTW) w postaci tabletek. Cykle terapeutyczne w obu grupach trwały 21 dni w miesiącu z następową przerwą 7 dni w celu wystąpienia krwawienia z odstawienia przez okres jednego roku. W surowicy oceniano stężenia osteokalcyny (OC), prokolagenu (PICP), insulinopodobnego czynnika wzrostu (IGF-1), podstawową prolaktynę (PRL) i po teście z metoklopramidem (PRL/MCP) radioimmunologicznie czterokrotnie: przed leczeniem oraz po 1. 3. i 12. miesiącu leczenia. Gęstość mineralną trzonów kręgów lędźwiowych L2 –L4 badano przed leczeniem i po 12 miesiącach leczenia densytometrem, firmy Luna (DPX-1Q), metodą DEXA. U kobiet z grupy I otrzymującej doustnie fluor i przezskórnie HTZ wystąpił znamienny wzrost stężenia IGF-1, znamienne obniżenie OC, PLCP po 3 i 12 miesiącach leczenia oraz brak statystycznych zmian w stężeniu prolaktyny. Natomiast u kobiet z grupy II otrzymującej w postaci tabletek doustnie fluor i hormonoterapię wspomaganą HTW wystąpiło znamienne obniżenie stężeń IGF-1, OC po 3 i 12 miesiącach leczenia oraz znamienny wzrost stężenia prolaktyny podstawowej i po teście z metoklopramidem po 1. 3. i 12. miesiącu leczenia w porównaniu z wartościami wstępnymi. Stężenia prokolagenu w czasie stosowania doustnie fluoru i HTW nie wykazywały znamiennych różnic. Gęstość mineralna L2-L4 wykazywała znamienne przyrosty u kobiet z grupy I. Natomiast u kobiet z grupy II gęstość mineralna L1, L2 nie wykazywała przyrostu znamiennego, a w kręgu L3, L4 występował znamienny przyrost w porównaniu z wartościami wyjściowymi (p < 0,01)

Wplyw zmodyfikowanej przezskornej hormonoterapii zastepczej i magnezu na stezenia markerow tworzenia kosci u kobiet ze zmianami zwyrodnieniowymi kregoslupa

In a randomized study 50 women, aged 51.7±2.8 years, suffering from primary osteoarthrosis (OA), were divided into two, equal groups (I, II). The women were employed in garment industry in contract work system. They were working in compulsory, mainly standing position. The women complained of backache of the lumbar region continuing for the minimum 5 years. During the study, bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine was assessed twice with the densitometry DEXA method (Lunar Corporation equipment). Before treatment, structural changes in the lumbosacral spine were revealed using a CT Simens Sonata Plus 4. One energy technique (SEQCT) was applied. Concentrations of bone-forming markers in serum were measured three times: before treatment and 3 and 12 months afterwards. The concentration of acid phosphatase in serum was assessed by the enzymatic method according to Hitachi. The concentrations of osteocalcin and procolagen were radoimmunologically assessed by means of DRG Company – sets and concentration basal prolactin (PRL) before treatment radioimmunoassy kits produced by bioMerieux. In the first stage of the treatment, the women in the first group received placebo for three months. Slow Mag B6 was administered for three months to the women in the second group. In the second stage of the treatment, the women in both groups received 21-day therapeutic cycles of modified transdermal hormonal replacement therapy. Additionally, bromocriptine (2.5 mg per day) and Slow Mag B6 (160 mg per day) were administered orally. The cycles repeated at a 7-day interval. During the interval, withdrawal bleeding occurred. The results were statistically assessed by means of computerized programme package Statistica PL, version 5. It was stated that in 60% of women suffering from primary OA the basal concentration of prolactin in serum in was elevated above 25 ng/ml; in 25% women it was on the border level, and in 15% of the patients it was below the lower limit of the normal values. The combined treatment in women suffering from OA caused increase in bone-forming markers and decrease in pathological resorption processes of mineralization of the vertebral bodies. After 12 months of the therapy, resorption in the lumbar spine was diminished compared to the initial values, before the treatment. These changes were significant in L3/L4 vertebral bodies (p<0.05).Badaniem objęto 50 kobiet w wieku 51,7±2,8 lat z pierwotną osteoartrozą (OA), podzielonych na 2 grupy wg listy randomizowanej, zatrudnionych w przemyśle włókienniczym, w systemie pracy akordowo-potokowej, w pozycji wymuszonej, które od 5 lat uskarżały się na bóle w okolicy kręgosłupa lędźwiowego. Gęstość mineralną trzonów kręgów lędźwiowych oceniono 2-krotnie densytometrem, firmy Lunar Corporation, metodą DEXA, natomiast zmiany strukturalne kręgosłupa L1/S tomografem firmy CT Siemens Sonata Plus 4 techniką pojedynczej energii (SEQCT). Stężenia markerów tworzenia kości określono 3-krotnie: przed leczeniem, po 3 i 12 miesiącach leczenia. Stężenie kostnej fosfatazy zasadowej oznaczono enzymatycznie, osteokalcyny i prokolagenu radioimmunologicznie zestawami firmy DRG. Podstawową prolaktynę (PRL) oznaczono przed leczeniem radioimmunologicznie zestawem bioMerieux. Kobiety z grupy I w pierwszym etapie leczenia przez 3 miesiące otrzymywały placebo, a w grupie II doustnie Slow Mag B6 w dawce 160 mg/24 h. Natomiast w drugim etapie kobiety z obu grup otrzymywały w 21-dniowym cyklu terapeutycznym zmodyfikowaną, przezskórną hormonoterapię zastępczą, bromokryptynę doustnie w dawce 2,5 mg/24 h i Slow Mag B6 w dawce 160 mg/24 h z przerwą 7-dniową w celu wystąpienia krwawienia. Analizy statystyczne z uzyskanych wyników przeprowadzono za pomocą pakietu Statistica PL, wersja 5. Stężenie prolaktyny podstawowej u 60% kobiet z OA wynosiło powyżej normy 25 ng/ml, u 25% kobiet górna granica normy, a u 15% kobiet poniżej dolnej granicy normy. Zastosowanie skojarzonego leczenia u kobiet z OA wywarło pobudzający wpływ nie tylko na stężenia markerów tworzenia kości, ale również na wzrost aktywności osteoklastów pobudzających proces resorpcji nadmiernej mineralizacji trzonów kręgowych, która w 12-miesięcznej obserwacji ulegała zmniejszeniu w stosunku do wartości wyjściowych ze znamiennością w kręgu L3 i L4 (p<0,05)