Heat flow in the Boss deposit of Missouri

Values of heat flow through a Precambrian mineral deposit were determined in the Boss area of Missouri, where 350 meters of Paleozoic sedimentary rocks overlie a complex series of rhyolite flows which have been altered and contain a copper bearing magnetite deposit. Geothermal data were obtained from a closely spaced grid of 17 diamond drill holes penetrating to depths of 1000 meters below ground surface. Temperature measurements were made at 5 meter intervals in the Precambrian section of all holes. These and thermal conductivity measurements made on representative core samples from 300 to 400 meters below the top of the Precambrian gave a regional heat flow of 1.) microcalories/cm²sec. Core from one hole was sampled at approximately 5 meter intervals from 350 to 1000 meters. Comparison of the regional flux with the vertical components of heat flow in the deeper portions of the intensively sampled hole indicated the presence of a low conductivity zone with a flux 25 percent below the regional and a high conductivity zone with a flux 10 percent above the regional. The calculated attitudes of these zones led to an interpretation of the geologic structure that, previously, had not been considered. The low conductivity corresponds to a tabular zone of prophyllitic alteration dipping 72 degrees, and the high conductivity corresponds to a granite dike dipping 50 degrees --Abstract, page ii

Eminent Domain--Serverance Damages

Serverance Damages - Physical contiguity must be present before damages can accrue to portion of land not taken In condemnation proceedings, even though two otherwise separate parcels are used as a single unit

A Land of Opportunity

Non-fiction by James Stainbroo

The Fuana of the State Quarry Beds

The State Quarry beds of Johnson County, Iowa, comprise a very local but decidedly interesting limestone formation of Upper Devonian age. In spite of its restricted distribution the formation has been the subject of some investigation, first because of the abundant fish remains found in certain beds, and secondly because other horizons furnished large blocks suitable for building purposes

Status of Certain Rhynchonellid Brachiopods from the Devonian of Iowa

At the first Annual meeting of the Iowa Academy of Science at Iowa City, June 23, 1876, Professor Samuel Calvin read a paper on New Species of Paleozoic Fossils. The Proceedings of the meeting do not give an abstract of the paper but in the American Naturalist, Vol. 11, pp. 57-58, a brief abstract says that Prof. Samuel Calvin, of the State University of Iowa, described seven New Species of Paleozoic Fossils found mainly in Howard and Floyd counties, Iowa. One of these species was Rhynchonella alta which occurs in the Lime Creek shales of Floyd County, one of the two counties mentioned. It appears that Calvin distributed a named photographed plate of these fossils but its fugitive character has been such that it has not been generally available to students. Calvin\u27s description of the species was not published but we find paleontologists, for example, Williams, Walcott, and others to whom specimens had evidently been sent, accepting the name

Additional Notes on the Position of the Independence Shale of the Iowa Devonian

The Independence shale, the earliest named formation of the Iowa Devonian, was described in 1878 by Samuel Calvin (1). He then, and later (2), stated that it was beneath the Cedar Valley limestone. Several geologists have since suggested that it was the same as the Kenwood shale (5) or a later formation (3, 7, 10) let down into the Cedar Valley. In 1935 Stainbrook (8) corroborated the conclusion of Calvin and in 1945 (9) gave all known evidences in favor of the presence of the shale beneath the Cedar Valley limestone and above the Davenport. The present paper summarizes additional evidences which have since come to light as to the stratigraphic place of the shale

Apparent Fossil Fruits from the Fort Union Beds of North Dakota

In the summer of 1920 the writer visited the Eocene Badlands of western North Dakota, going there on the completion of a field course in geology in the Northern Black Hills. These badlands are situated in several counties bordering on the Little Missouri River. A thick series of sandstone, shale and lignite is exposed in the nearly barren and partly denuded hills. The beds have characteristic topographic expressions and can be traced long distances by these alone; the sandstones form benches and the shales gentle slopes. In one of these sandstone benches a number of small spheroidal bodies were noted. A casual blow of the hammer showed that they possessed two distinct parts, an outer covering and an inner core. At least twenty of them were broken and nearly all were similarly constructed, the core also showing a quadripartite division. A few of the better preserved ones were saved and these form the basis of this article

Selected life history aspects of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) and predation on young-of-the-year shad in Lake Umatilla of the Columbia River

Selected life history aspects of American shad, Alosa sapidissima, collected in Lake Umatilla of the Columbia River during 1980 and 1981 were examined and compared to other shad populations. Mean fork lengths of adult shad captured in 1981 were 405-, 415- and 423-mm for age III, IV and V males; 425-, 444- and 457-mm for age III, IV and V females. The mean age at maturity was determined to be 3.2 years for males and 3.5 years for females while the rate of repeat spawning was 36% and 45% for males and females, respectively. Four-year-old shad accounted for 58.5% of the spawning adults in the two years. Absolute fecundity ranged from 97,168 to 284,240 eggs with a mean of 193,074 eggs per female. Young-of-the-year shad were more abundant in 1980 than in 1981. In both years, the tail-race zone was the most important spawning area and the island zone the most important rearing area for young-of-the-year shad in the reservoir. Growth of young shad in Lake Umatilla was similar in all sampled macrohabitats and appears to be dependent on year class strength, water temperature and water flow. Out-migrating young-of-the-yetar shad passing through John Day Dam were significantly largjer than young-of-the-year shad in reservoir habitats indicating size, as well as temperature, influences the timing of downstream migration. Predation on young shad by resident predator fish species was variable and appeared to be dependent on the Abundance of young-of-the-year shad