8 research outputs found

    The impact that catatonic surfactants have on the soft matter world

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    Catanionic surfactants are a class of amphiphile which result from the equimolar mixture of a cationic and an anionic surfactant, where the salt formed by the counterions is removed. In our group, for the first time, we have synthetized the unique catanionic surfactant: benzyl-n-hexadecyldimethylammonium 1,4-bis-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate (BHD-AOT), which has a tremendous impact in the soft matter field. This came out because it can form reverse micelles (RMs) or spontaneous large unilamellar vesicles, depending on the solvent used. RMs are supramolecular assemblies of surfactants formed in nonpolar solvents, in which the polar head groups of the surfactants point inward and the hydrocarbon chains point toward to the nonpolar medium. Vesicles are spherical aggregates formed by some amphiphilic compounds in water, in which the bilayer surrounds an aqueous void volume that can be ?loaded? with a wide variety of water-soluble marker molecules. In this review, we will show the synthesis, characterization, and properties of the different organized media created by BHD-AOT and, exciting applications since, as we proved, it is non-toxic and results especially interesting for drug delivery system.Fil: Villa, Cristian C.. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Cobo Solis, Airam Katiza. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Stagnoli, Antonela Soledad. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Luna, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; ArgentinaFil: Moyano, Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; ArgentinaFil: Molina, Patricia Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂ­fico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Falcone, Ruben Dario. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂ­fico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Correa, Nestor Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; Argentin

    Targeting the Spike: Repurposing Mithramycin and Dihydroergotamine to Block SARS-CoV-2 Infection

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    : The urgency to find complementary therapies to current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, whose effectiveness is preserved over time and not compromised by the emergence of new and emerging variants, has become a critical health challenge. We investigate the possibility of jamming the opening of the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 with small compounds. Through in silico screening, we identified two potential candidates that would lock the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) in a closed configuration, preventing the virus from infecting the host cells. We show that two drugs already approved by the FDA, mithramycin and dihydroergotamine, can block infection using concentrations in the ÎŒM range in cell-based assays. Further STD-NMR experiments support dihydroergotamine's direct interaction with the spike protein. Overall, our results indicate that repurposing of these compounds might lead to potential clinical drug candidates for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection

    Hiperhomocisteinemia, estrés oxidativo y factores protrombóticos en respuesta a estrés crónico en ratas

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    Estudios clĂ­nicos han demostrado que el aumento de la homocisteĂ­na en plasma se asocia a mayor riesgo de enfermedades tromboembĂłlicas. Los mecanismos subyacentes no se han dilucidado completamente e implicarĂ­an al estrĂ©s oxidativo y a los efectos proinflamatorios. Los niveles plasmĂĄticos de homocisteĂ­na estĂĄn afectados por factores nutricionales, genĂ©ticos y la exposiciĂłn a estrĂ©s. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los cambios en los niveles plasmĂĄticos de homocisteĂ­na, estrĂ©s oxidativo y factores protrombĂłticos, en ratas sometidas a estrĂ©s crĂłnico. Se utilizaron ratas Wistar machos controles y estresadas, expuestas a estrĂ©s por inmovilizaciĂłn durante 14 dĂ­as, 2 horas por dĂ­a. Luego del Ășltimo estrĂ©s, se extrajeron muestras de sangre y se determinaron los niveles plasmĂĄticos de corticosterona, homocisteĂ­na, lipoproteĂ­na (a) (Lp(a)), malondialdehido (MDA) y fibrinĂłgeno, capacidad antioxidante del plasma (FRAP), tiempo de coagulaciĂłn, tiempo de tromboplastina parcial activado y recuentode plaquetas. Los animales estresados mostraron mayores valores de corticosterona (p=0.01), homocisteĂ­na (p=0.009), Lp(a) (p=0.02), fibrinĂłgeno(p=0.02) y plaquetas(p=0.009) con respecto a los controles. TambiĂ©n se encontrĂł una menor capacidad antioxidante del plasma, menor tiempo de coagulaciĂłn (p=0.01) y de tromboplastina parcial activada (p=0.03) en los animales estresados. El incremento de la homocisteĂ­na en los animales estresados se asociĂł con una disminuciĂłn en la capacidad antioxidante plasmĂĄtica y un menor tiempo de coagulaciĂłn, evidenciĂĄndose como un factor protrombĂłtico adicional a los factores clĂĄsicos como el incremento del fibrinĂłgeno y del nĂșmero de plaquetas en respuesta al estrĂ©s. El incremento en la Lp(a), al competir con el plasminĂłgeno, serĂ­a un factor predisponente que aumentarĂ­a el riesgo de episodios tromboembĂłlicos en situaciones de estrĂ©s crĂłnico.Fil: Scoppa, Hilda Graciela. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂ­a Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Farias, Marcos Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂ­fico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂ­a Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Echegaray, Norberto A.. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂ­a Molecular; Argentina. Instituto de NefrologĂ­a y UrologĂ­a; ArgentinaFil: Bensi, Nora Haydee. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂ­a Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Binotti, Silvana NoemĂ­. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂ­a Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Stagnoli, Antonela Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂ­fico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂ­a Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Gauna, Hector Fernando. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂ­a Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Niebylski, Ana Maria. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂ­a Molecular; Argentin

    Homocysteine levels, oxidative status and hemostatic response to chronic stress in rats

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    Several studies have shown that homocysteine (Hcy) levels are affected by diet factors and non-diet factors such as stress. Increases in total Hcy plasma concentrations are recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It has been demonstrated that elevated circulating levels of Hcy cause changes in hemostasis by altering the vascular endothelium function, changing the character of its surface from anticoagulant to pro-coagulant. On the other hand, it has been demonstrated that psychosocial stress increase the plasmatic levels of pro-thrombotic factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Hcy levels and oxidative status in the haemostatic response to chronic immobilization stress in rats. Two groups of Male Wistar rats were considered: control group (C) and immobilization stress group (IMO). The rats were stressed for 2 h (from 10.00 AM to 12.00 PM) for 14 days. On day 14 immediately after the last IMO, the animals were killed by decapitation. Blood samples were taken and Clotting time (CT), partial thromboplastin time (APTT), platelet count, fibrinogen, Hcy, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), antioxidant capacity of plasma (FRAP), total nitrites (NOx), and corticosterone levels were determined. Correlation test between Hcy and CT, NOx and Corticosterone were made. An increase in plasma corticosterone, platelet count, and fibrinogen and homocysteine levels in response to stress was observed. FRAP, CT, APTT, and NOx serumvalues were lower in stressed animals while no significant differences in TBARs plasma concentration to IMO were found. Positive correlation was found between Hcy and corticosterone levels and negative correlation for Hcy and NOx and Hcy and CT was observed. IMO chronic stress modifies the hemostatic response leading to a pro-thrombotic state with an increase of platelets, fibrinogen and Hcy. The rise in Hcy appears to depend on corticosterone levels. Increased Hcy decrease NO bioavailability, which would promote platelet adhesion to endothelial cells favoring the formation of blood clots in response to chronic stress situations, which would increase the risk of thromboembolic events in situations of chronic stress.Fil: Scoppa, Hilda Graciela. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Binotti, Silvana. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Farias, Marcos Ezequiel. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; ArgentinaFil: Stagnoli, Antonela Soledad. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; ArgentinaFil: Echegaray, N.. Instituto de NefrologĂ­a y UrologĂ­a, RĂ­o Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Bensi, Nora Haydee. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; ArgentinaFil: Niebylski, Ana Maria. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; Argentin

    Catanionic nanocarriers as a potential vehicle for insulin delivery

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    Diabetes is a disease that affects millions of people in the World, constituting a global problem. Patients are administered insulin subcutaneous injections, resulting in high costs and frequent infections in the injection site. A possible solution to this problem may be the use of nanotechnology. Nanotransporters can act as specific release systems able to overcome the current limitations to drug delivery. Liposomes and vesicles can deliver drugs directly and efficiently to the site of action, decreasing toxicity and adverse effects. In previous studies, we demonstrated the biocompatibility and safety of catanionic benzyl n-hexadecyldimethylammonium 1,4 -bis-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate (BHD-AOT) vesicles using both in vitro and in vivo tests. Thus, the aims of this work were to evaluate the ability of the BHD-AOT vesicles to encapsulate insulin; to analyze the structural properties and stability of the system, vesicle-Insulin (VIn), at different pH conditions; and to study the ability of VIn to decrease the glycemia in miceby different administration routes. Our results showed that 2 and 5 mg mL−1 of vesicles were able to encapsulate about 55 % and 73 % of insulin, respectively. The system VIn showed a significant increase in size from 120 to 350 nm, changes in the surface zeta potential value, and high stability to different pH conditions. A significant decrease of the glycemia after VIn administration was demonstrated in in vivo assays, including the oral route. Our results reveal that BHD-AOT vesicles may be an appropriate system to encapsulate and protect insulin, and may be a potential system to be administrated in different ways as an alternative strategy to conventional therapy.Fil: Stagnoli, Antonela Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud.; ArgentinaFil: Sosa Alderete, Lucas GastĂłn. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud.; ArgentinaFil: Luna, Maria Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud.; ArgentinaFil: Agostini, Elizabeth. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Instituto de BiotecnologĂ­a Ambiental y Salud - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂ­fico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Instituto de BiotecnologĂ­a Ambiental y Salud; ArgentinaFil: Falcone, Ruben Dario. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂ­fico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Niebylski, Ana Maria. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂ­a Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Correa, Nestor Mariano. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂ­fico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud; Argentin

    Topical systems for the controlled release of antineoplastic drugs: Oxidized Alginate-Gelatin Hydrogel/Unilamellar vesicles

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    The efficacy of chemotherapeutic procedures relies on delivering proper concentrations of anti-cancer drugs in the tumor surroundings, so as to prevent potential side effects on healthy tissues. Novel drug carrier platforms should not just be able to deliver anticancer molecules, but also allow for adjustements in the way these drugs are administered to the patients. We developed a system for delivering water-insoluble drugs, based on the use of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), or bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate benzyl-n-hexadecyldimethylammonium (BHD-AOT), embedded into oxidized alginate-gelatin (ADA/Gel) hydrogel, emulating a patch for topic applications. After being loaded with curcumin, cancer cells such as human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HCT116 and DLD-1) and melanoma cell lines (MEL501), and non-malignant cells such as mammary epithelial cell lines (NMuMG) and embryonal fibroblasts (NIH 3T3 or NEO cells) were analyzed for biocompatibility and cytotoxic effects. The results show that the proposed system can load comparatively higher concentrations of the drug (with respect to other nano/microcarriers in the literature), and that it can enhance the likelihood of the drug being uptaken by cancer cells instead of non-malignant cells. These assays were complemented by diffusion studies across the stratum corneum of rat skin, with the aim of determining the system's efficiency during topical application. Finally, the stability of the patch was tested after lyophilization to determine its potential pharmaceutical use. As a whole, the combined system represents a highly reliable and robust method for embedding and delivering complex insoluble chemotherapeutical molecules, and it is less invasive than other alternative methods in the literature.Fil: Stagnoli, Antonela Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Garro, Cintia Araceli. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemåticas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Ertekin, Ozlem. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Heid, Sussane. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Seyferth, Stefan. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Soria, Gastón. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Correa, Nestor Mariano. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Leal-Egaña, Aldo. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Boccaccini, Aldo R.. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; Alemani

    Unique catanionic vesicles as a potential "nano-Taxi" for drug delivery systems. In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation

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    We evaluate in vitro and in vivo toxicity and stability in an acidic environment of new vesicles formed by the catanionic surfactant bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate benzyl-n-hexadecyldimethylammonium (AOT-BHD) in order to investigate their potential application as an oral drug delivery system. Unilamellar vesicles were spontaneously formed by dissolving AOT-BHD in water and their toxicity was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo assays. Cell membrane permeability assays (hemolytic activity, Trypan blue assay) and cellular survival or proliferation (MTT assay) were performed. The results showed that only the highest concentration of vesicles tested (2 mg mL-1) diminished the red blood cells' resistance. In vivo toxicity evaluation was carried out on mice through lethal dose 50 (LD50) experiments. The safety for living organisms in doses lower than 0.05 mg mL-1 and the acid pH stability makes our AOT-BHD vesicles a very promising candidate for oral drug delivery.Fil: Stagnoli, Antonela Soledad. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂ­a Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Luna, Maria Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; ArgentinaFil: Villa, Cristian C.. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; ArgentinaFil: Alustiza, Fabrisio Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂ­a Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Niebylski, Ana Maria. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂ­a Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Moyano, Fernando. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; ArgentinaFil: Correa, Nestor Mariano. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; ArgentinaFil: Falcone, Ruben Dario. Universidad Nacional de RĂ­o Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂ­micas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂ­mica; Argentin

    Assessing the Mobility of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Spike Protein Glycans by Structural and Computational Methods

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    Two years after its emergence, the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains difficult to control despite the availability of several vaccines. The extensively glycosylated SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein, which mediates host cell entry by binding to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) through its receptor binding domain (RBD), is the major target of neutralizing antibodies. Like to many other viral fusion proteins, the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein utilizes a glycan shield to thwart the host immune response. To grasp the influence of chemical signatures on carbohydrate mobility and reconcile the cryo-EM density of specific glycans we combined our cryo-EM map of the S ectodomain to 4.1 Å resolution, reconstructed from a limited number of particles, and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. Chemical modifications modeled on representative glycans (defucosylation, sialylation and addition of terminal LacNAc units) show no significant influence on either protein shielding or glycan flexibility. By estimating at selected sites the local correlation between the full density map and atomic model-based maps derived from molecular dynamics simulations, we provide insight into the geometries of the α-Man-(1→3)-[α-Man-(1→6)-]-ÎČ-Man-(1→4)-ÎČ-GlcNAc(1→4)-ÎČ-GlcNAc core common to all N-glycosylation sites
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