Performance of different varieties/hybrids of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) as mixed crop in coconut garden

A field experiment was conducted at Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod during 2001 to 2010 for studying the performance of black pepper varieties/hybrids when grown as mixed crop in 36 years old WCT coconut garden. Varieties such as Panniyur-1, Panniyur-2, Panniyur-3, Panniyur-4, Panniyur-5, Sreekara, Subhakara, Panchami, Kottanadan, OPKM, Collection 1041(Thevam) and hybrids such as HP-780, HP-105, HP-1411, HP-813 and HP-34 were grown in three replications. Among the varieties, Thevam, Panniyur- 4, Panniyur- 5, Sreekara, Subhakara and Panchami produced higher number of laterals with more spread (at five years age) compared to the other varieties. Thevam recorded significantly higher number of spikes (202.5), whereas the lowest was recorded in HP 780 (21.5). The spike length was the highest in Panniyur- 5 (15.4 cm), but was on par with varieties such as Panniyur-1, Panniyur-2, HP-1411 and OPKM. Sreekara recorded the lowest spike length of 8.7 cm. Six years mean dry spike yield indicated that, the yield was significantly higher with Thevam (1.81 kg/vine) followed by Panniyur- 5, which had recorded a yield of 1.12 kg/vine and differed significantly over other varieties. Panchami recorded higher oil (5.6 %) and oleoresin content (12.6%) and was on par with Panniyur-4, Kottanadan and OPKM. Due to the mixed cropping of black pepper in coconut garden an improvement in the coconut yield was noticed (132.2 nuts/palm/yr) during 2009-10 compared to the coconut monocrop (101.3 nuts/palm/yr) during 1999 to 2001

SYMBOLS OF SUCCESS

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Not AvailableThe improved short and medium duration varieties of cereals and millets were implemented through National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA), in select drought-prone villages through KVKs of ATARI, Bengaluru since 2011 in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. A total of 680 demonstrations were implemented in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu in 288.2 ha area during 2011 to 2015. In Karnataka state, drought tolerant and short duration varieties gave higher yield and net returns as compared to local checks viz.,pearl millet Cv.ICTP-8203, foxtail millet Cv. PS-4 and wheat Cv.DWR-2006 have recorded 34.6 %, 19.5 % and 34.2 % respectively at Belgavi, finger millet Cv.GPU-28 recorded 22.3 % at Chikkaballapura, Cv. GPU-28 and GPU-48 recorded 51.9% and 8.2 to 13.5 % to at Davanagere and finger millet Cv.ML-365 and aerobic paddy Cv.MAS-26 gave 33.3 to 41.8 % and 12.4% to 25.8 % increased yield with better BCR ratio as compared to local varieties at Tumkur. In Tamil Nadu state, the short and medium duration sorghum Cv.K.8 and paddy Cv.ADT-49 gave 45.3 % in sorghum and 10% increase in yield in paddy at Namakkal, the flood tolerant rice Cv. Swarna sub1 recorded 15.2 %, saline tolerant rice Cv. TRY 3 gave 12.6 % andadvanced rice nursery in kharif for timely planting Cv.ADT-38 gave 8.0 % increase in yield at Nagapattinam. At Villupuram district higher yield ranging from 26.3 to 28.4% in Cv. Anna 4, 18.2% in Cv. Ponni and 23.4% in Cv. ADT-49 were recorded with better BCR as compared to local varieties.Not Availabl