Synthesis and crystal structure of a novel substituted 1,4-dihydropyridine

The title compound, C15H16N2O3, was synthesized, characterized spectroscopically, and finally confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with cell parameters a = 10.314(9) Å, b = 17.976(15) Å, c = 12.762(11) Å, β = 113.331(3)°, Z = 4, and V = 2173(3) Å3. The dihydropyridine ring in the structure is in a flattened-boat conformation. The 2-nitrophenyl ring is orthogonal to the 1,4-dihydropyridine ring. The structure exhibits an intermolecular hydrogen bond of the type C–H…O

Synthesis, characterization and structural conformation studies of 2-Amino-3-ethoxycarbonyl-4-(4´x-methoxy Phenyl)-4H-pyrano-3,2-c-chromene-6-methyl-5-one

2-amino-3-ethoxycarbonyl-4-(4´x-methoxy Phenyl)-4H-pyrano-3,2-c-chromene-6-methyl-5-one was synthesized by the two-component reaction of 6-methyl-4-hydroxy coumarin with 4{\textasciiacutex}-methoxy-2-cyano cinnamate, which was synthesized by Knoevenagel reaction with 88{\%} yield. The compound obtained was characterized by spectroscopic techniques and confirmed by X-ray crystallographic studies. The crystallographic data analysis reveals that the title compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group {\}{\$}P{\backslash}overline{\{}1{\}}{\$}{\$}with cell parameters a = 7.7750(8) {\AA}, b = 9.0310(6) {\AA}, c = 15.6120(17) {\AA}, \alpha = 77.249(7){\textdegree}, \beta = 115.860(3){\textdegree}, \gamma = 70.139(7){\textdegree}, V = 1,003.0(16) {\AA}3 for Z = 4. The structure has been solved by direct methods and refined to R1 = 0.0552 for 3,164 observed reflections with I > 2 \sigma$(I). The pyran ring is in a flattened boat conformation. The carbonyl group is oriented in a -synperiplanar(cis) conformation

Synthesis and crystal structure of 1-ethyl-3-(phenyl)-1,2,3-triazolium percholorate

The isolation of stable carbenes of the Arduengo (1a) and Wanzlick (2a) type has prompted us to look for stable nitrenium ions of the related structural type 1-ethyl-3-(phenyl)-1,2,3-triazolium perchlorate (6+). The title compound C10H14Cl N3O4 was isolated and structure was investigated by X-ray crystallography. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with cell parameters a=6.697(4) Å, b=9.724(9) Å, c=19.844(2) Å and Z=4. The final residual factor is R1=0.0471 for 1545 reflections with I>2σ(I). The structure exhibits intermolecular hydrogen bonds

Characterization of particulate matter collected at Mysore city roadways in association with urban traffic condition

Aim: To identify the source of particulate matter (PM) emissions in Mysore urban city roadways by characterizing PM of different aerodynamic diameters (PM2.5 and PM10) using various advanced techniques and finding their correlation with site traffic condition. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in urban area of Mysore city, Karnataka, India, from 2014 to 2017. Methodology: Emissions of PM2.5 and PM10 were estimated using mathematical model incorporating number of vehicles and their emission factors. The elemental composition, image interpretation, and size distribution of particles were analyzed comprehensively using energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) methods, respectively. Results: PM concentrations were found 2-4 times higher in commercial areas compared to industrial and residential areas, and are considerably correlated (p<0.05) with vehicle traffic and atmospheric temperature. Emissions of PM2.5 and PM10 estimated numerically from road traffic data are significantly correlated (p<0.005 and p<0.0005, respectively) with PM concentrations measured experimentally. DLS and SEM image interpretation showed that about 90% of near-roadway particles were in the size of fine particles (PM2.5) and 74% of them have circularity values above 0.75. EDX analysis found that roadside PM are carbon-rich particles containing 56% black carbon and trace amount of soil-derived particles, sea salts and metal-containing particles. Conclusion: Experimental particle characterization by advanced laboratory analyses and numerical estimation of PM emission using model from road traffic survey both confirmed that fossil-fueled vehicles are the main source of PM emissions in urban area

Fuller’s earth catalyzed rapid synthesis of bis (indolyl) methanes under solvent free condition

A rapid and highly efficient synthesis of various bis(indolyl)methanes with high yield by the reaction of indoles 1a-c and arylaldehydes 2a'-m' in presence of fuller’s earth is demonstrated. This simple and versatile protocol is found to be an efficient catalyst for the electrophilic addition reaction of indole and works well under solvent free condition as well as in aqueous medium. The structure of newly synthesized compound 3m has been confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallography

<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-GB">Fuller’s earth catalyzed rapid synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes under solvent free condition</span>

1032-1038<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: " times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:="" en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-GB">A rapid and highly efficient synthesis of various bis(indolyl)methanes with high yield by the reaction of indoles 1a-c and arylaldehydes 2a'-m' in presence of fuller’s earth is demonstrated. This simple and versatile protocol is found to be an efficient catalyst for the electrophilic addition reaction of indole and works well under solvent free condition as well as in aqueous medium. The structure of newly synthesized compound 3m has been confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallography.</span