WEB BASED LEARNING MEDIA DEVELOPMENT IN CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY SUBJECT

The use of information and communication technology in learning has developed rapidly. Learning media has been one of the important elements in learning activity. Web based learning technology has been thought to be an alternatives way in increasing learning quality. Student need assessment result showed that cardiovascular system was considered as difficult material in human anatomy and physiology subject. This researched aimed at developing web based learning media in cardiovascular system human anatomy and physiology subject. Research was done in August to November 2012 in Biology department FMIPA UNJ. Method used was research and development (R&D). Indicators measured were material, website content, design, visual, structure and navigation and interactivity. Those indicators were assessed by material and media expert and students. Website address developed was http://www.anfisman.com. Assessment percentage from material expert was 73,3%, media expert was 64,01%, dan students was 67,44%. Result indicated that website develop in this research was good and proper to be used as alternative learning source for students

PERANAN TESTOSTERON PADA PEMBENTUKAN INDIVIDU Cktrias garkpinus Burchell JANTAN DIPLOID GINOGENESIS

Usaha meningkatkan produksi ikan air tawar ditentukan oleh ketersediaan benih yang kontinyu dan berkualitas unggul, benih yang berkualitas unggul mempunyai ciri pertumbuhannya yang cepat serta tahan terhadap serangan penyakit, sehingga meningkatkan produktifitas lahan yang ada. Until mendapatkan benih unggul dalam jumlah yang banyak maka diperlukan induk galur murni,dalam rangka menciptakan galur murni, telah dilakukan penerapan teknis ginogenesis. Basil teknologi ginogenesis adalah individu galur murni betina semuanya, berdasarkan teori sex reversal sesungguhnya basil ginogenesis ini dapat dibelokkan pertumbuhan kelaminnya menjadi jantan dengan menambahkan testoteron pada pakannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Balai Benih Ikan Sentral Janti, Kecamatan Polanharjo,Kab Klaten.Pada bulan Agustus 1999 sampai dengan bulan Februari 2000, Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan, yaitu : 1. Mendapatkan dosis testoteron yang optimal, dan umur larva dalam menghasilkan jantan diploid ginogenesis. 2. Mendapatkan diskripsi yang jelas tentang proses terjadinya perubahan kelamin berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan anatomis dan testis ikan yang terbentuk. Penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimental faktorial dengan rancangan lingkungan acak leng,kap, adapun perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah: a, Dosis testoteron yang dicoba meliputi : - Dosis testoteron 0 mg/kg pakan (kontrol) - Dosis testoteron 40 mg/kg pakan - Dosis testoteron 60 mg/kg pakan b. Umur larva ikan, umur larva ikan yang mulai diberi testoteron, yaitu: - 3 hari setelah menetas (first feeding) 6 hari setelah menetas ( 3 hari setelah first feeding ) 9 hari setelah menetas ( 6 hari setelah first feeding ) - 12 hari setelah menetas ( 9 hari setelah first feeding ) Basil penelitian pendahuluan menunjukkan bahwa radiasi ultra violet telah menghasilkan 97% embrio yang menetas adalah abnormal (Individu haploid) hal ini menunjukkan bahwa radiasi ultra violet telah mampu merusak pesan genetik yang terdapat kepala spermatozoa. Sedangkan dengan kejutan dingin telah menghasilkan 40 % embrio diploid ginogenesis yang menetas normal. Basil penelitian utama menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan A (awal waktu pemberian) menunjukkan basil sangat berbeda, semakin awal saat pemberian semakin baik (3 hari setelah first feeding).Sedangkan perlakuan B (dosis testoteron) juga memberikan hasil yang sangat nyata, dosis 60 mg/kg pakan memberikan hasil lebih baik dari pada 40 mg/kg pakan, dan interaksi antara A dan B berbeda nyata. Kualitas air selama penelitian berada dalam kisaran yang layak bagi pertumbuhan dan kehidupan larva ikan lele dumbo In order to obtain good quality, requires pure-strain brood stock that can be achieved by application of ginonesis technique. It will producing all female of individual pure-strain broodstock. Based on sex-reversal theory, their sex development could be reversed to all-male by adding testosterone in their feed. This study had been performed in Janti Central Hatchery (Balai Benih Ikan Sentra Janti)-Polanharjo District, Klaten Regency, from August 1999 to February 2000. The main objectives of this study are: 1. To obtain optimal dosis of testosterone and larvae stage in producing all-male diploid ginogenesis. 2. To obtain a clear description of forming process in sex reversal based up on anatomical observation of testis formed. The study were divided by two phases as follows : - Preliminary study, to produce individual diploid ginogenesis. Main study, to from amale — sex through homon testosterone treatment. Experimental factorial had been adopted in this study with Completely Randomized Design as basec Experimental Design : a. Dose of testosterone applied consists of : - 00,00 mg/kg feed (control) - 40,00 mg/kg feed - 60,00 mg/kg feed b. Larvae stage, the stage pof larvae where initially fed by testosterone divide by - 3 days after hatching (0 first feeding), - 6 days after hatching (3 days after first feeding ) - 9 days after hatching (6 days after first feeding) - 12 days after hatching (9 days after first feeding) The preliminary study that UN radiation has produced 97% of abnormal embryo (individual haploid). It is indicated that UV radiation was able to destroy genetic print in spermatozoa-head. Where as, which cold shock has produce 40% normal embryo of diploid ginogenesis. Meanwhile, the main study revealed that treatment A (initial time to introduce testosterone) has significantly affected to the sex reversal, the more earlier time of introducing testosterone, the better sex-reversal occurred. Treatment B (doses of testosterone) has also significantly affected to the result of sex reversal where dose of 60 mg/kg feed was better than dose of 40 mg/kg feed and the interaction of treatment A and B / has also significantly affected to the results. The water quality of media during the curse of study are remain in the optimum range for supporting growth and survival rate of lele-domb

PENGARUH BERBAGAI KADAR ZEOLIT DALAM FILTER SISTEM RESIRKULASI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP IKAN LELE DUMBO(Clarias gariepinus,Burchell)

Ikan lele dumbn (Clarias gariepinus, Burchel) yang disukai oleh masyarakat dan merupakan spesies ikan ekonomis penting , telah lama dibudidayakan oleh petani ikan. Bahkan pada akhir•akhir ini, telah berkembang penerapan teknologi budIdayanya secara intensif yaitu budidaya dengan menerapkan padat penebaran tinggi dan pemberian pakan buatan guna mendapatkan produksi yang semakin meningkat. Dengan berkembangnya penorapan teknologi budidaya ikan intensif maka dituntut adanya penyediaan air yang berkualitas balk yang dapat menunjang kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan ikan tersebut. Di lain pihak, dengan penerapan padat penebaran tinggi dan pemberian pakan buatan akan memepercepat penurnpukan produk ekskresi dari sisa-sisa metabolisme ikan dan terskumulasinya sisa-sisa pakan, yang pada akhirnya akan mengalami penguraian menjacli amonia dan bahan organik. Zeolit yang mempunyai daya absorbsi besar dan bersifat selektif mampu menyerap amonia yang bersifat meracuni ikan. Dari sifat-sifat yang dimilikinya tersebut, zeolit dapat digunakan untuk menjaga kualitas air media budidaya agar tetap balk. Sehingga pada daerah yang ketersediaan airnya kurang melimpah zeolit dapat dipakai sebaGai filter dalam sistem resirkulasi sehingga dapat menunjang penyediaan air media budidaya yang berkualitas sesuai kebutuhan bagi ikan. Namun demilnan, dari pengalaman Purnomo (1988) menunjukkan bahwa pemakaian zeolit yang berlebihan akan berakibat kurang menguntungkan, karena dapat menimbulkan blooming plankton yang dibarengi dengan kenaikan pH yang cukup tinggi. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan penelitian lebitt jauh mengenai penggunaan zeolit dalam filter sistem resirkulasi yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan dan angka kelangsungan hidup ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus, Burchel); serta untuk mengetahui kadar zeolit yang memberikan pertumbuhan dan angka kalangsungan hidup terbaik. Adapun mated yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ikan tele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus, Burchel), pakan komersial, filter yang terdiri dari pasir, batu kerikil, serta filer bad yang terbuat dari plastik gelombang yang berlobang. Peralatan yang digunakan berupa wadah pemeliharaan yang dilengkapi dengan sistem resirkulasi. Dengan menerapkan metoda eksperimental laboratoris dan menggunakan ranoangan percobaan acak Iengkap, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan perlakuan sebagai berikut: Parlakuan A : Penambahan zeolit dalam filter sebanyak 279,2 gram Perlakuan B : Penambahan zeolit dalam filter sebanyak 556 gram Periakuan C : Penambahan zeolit dalam filter sebanyak 832,8 gram Parlakuan D . Kontrol (Filter tanpa zeolit). Setiap perlakuan dilakukan ulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Data yang diarribil meliputi pertumbuhan mutlak, laju pertumbuhan, dan angka kelangsungan hidup dianalisis dengan menggunakan sidik ragam dan uji tukey, Sedang data kualitas air yang meliputi amonia, oksigen terlarut, pH dan tempt ratur dianalisis secara diskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan mutlak, laju pertumbuhan dan angka kelangsungan hidup ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus ,Burchel). Nilai pertumbuhan mutlak, laju pertumbuhan dan angka kelangsungan hidup tertinggi dicapai oleh perlakuan C yaitu pemakaian zeolit terbanyak (832.8 gram) masing¬masing sebesar 145.33 gram, 9.73%, dan 100%; Diikuti oleh perlakuan B (556 gram zeolit) sebesar 129.42 gram, 9.43%,dan 96.67%; Kemudian perlakuan A (279.3 gram zeolit; sebesar 100.41 gram, 8.71%,dan 95%; serta perlakuan D (tanpa zeolit) masing-musing sebesar 95.93 gram (pertumbuhan mutlak), 8.58% (laju pertumbuhan) dan 90% (kelngsungan hidup). Kualitas air yang terdiri ammoniak, pH, oksigen terlarut dan temperatur masih berada pada tingkat layak untuk hidup dan bertumbuh ikan lele Jumbo. Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchel), which has been cultured for a long time ago, is a type of excellent and an economically important fish. Recently, the application of intensive culture to produce a greater amount of the fish has been developed. Because of the intensive system used, good water quality to support the survival and grovA h of the fish is required. Highly stocking density and feeding rate applied in this system will enhance the accumulation of waste products (echo. metabolic products, uneaten food, and faeces). The waste products then will be broken down into toxic gasses such as ammonia. Zeolitte, which has high selectivity and absorption ability, is able to absorb ammonia. Therefore, zeolitte can used to maintain water quality in good conditions. Moreover, zeolitte can be used as filter in a recirculation system to provide better water quality, especially in an area of lack of water. However, the excessive use of zeolitte will cause plankton to bloom and pH level to increase (Purnomo, 1988). Therefore, further investigation on the use of zeolitte as filter on recirculation system is required. The material used in this research is catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchel); commercial feeds; filter consisting of sand, gravel and perforated-corrugated plastic sheet. The equipment used is containers with a recirculation system each. Four treatments with triplicate for each are performed. These treatments are: A: the addition of 279.2 g of zeolitte into the filter B: the addition of 556.0 g of zeolitte into the filter C. the addition of 832.8 g of zeolitte into the filter 0: the control (filter without zeolitte) The data obtained including the absolute growth, growth rate, and survival rate are analysed by using tukey test. The data of water quality including ammonia, dissolved oxygen, pH, and temperature are described qualitatively. Results obtained from the experiment showed that the effect of treatments resulted on significantly differences on absolute growth, growth rate, and survival rate the of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchel). The highest values of absolute growth, growth rate, and survival rate were found in treatment C (i.e. treatment with the substrate containing 832.8 grams of zeolite), i.e. 145.33 grams, 9.73%, and 100%, respectively, followed by treatment B (i.e. treatment with the substrate containing 556 grams of 'zeolite), i.e. 129.42 grams, 9.73%, and 100%, respectively; treatment A, (i.e. treatment with the substrate containing 279.3 grams of zeolite), i.e. 100.41 grams, 8.71%, and 95%, respectively; and treatment D (i.e. treatment with no zeolite in the substrate), i.e. 95.93 grams, 8.58%, and 90%, respectively. The levels of water quality criteria consisting of ammonia, p1-1, dissolved oxygen, and temperature are still in the suitable range for lele dumbo's life 'and growth

EVALUASI DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN DAN DAYA TOLERANSI UDANG Penaus manodon Fab TERHADAP DAYA RACUN AMONIAK PADA BUDIDAYA TAMBAK INTENSIF

Intensifikasi tambak udang bercirikan padat penebaran yang tinggi,penggunaan perangkat teknologi yang memadai dan pemberian pakan yang cukup agar perturnbuhan udang dapat dipercepat. Dengartpadat penebaran yang tinggi, konsekuensinya jumlah pakan yang dibetikan meningkat, sehingga diharapkan udang akan tumbuh pesat dan produktivitas tambak meningkat. Cara intensifikasi tambak ini dikuatirkan akan mengubah keseimbangan ekologis didalam sistem tambak dan lingkungan sekitamya. Penelitian ini berttauan untuk mengevaluasi sampai seberapa jauh dampak dari Intensifikasi hudidaya udang terhadap kondisi ekologis dalam sistem tambak dan untuk mengetahui daya toleransi udang penaus monodon terhadap daya racun amoniak Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai Juni 1997 sampai dengan April 1998.Evaluasi dampak lingkungan tambak intensif dilakukan di kecamatan Losari Kabubaten Brebes, Jawa Tengah, sndangkan uji daya toleransi dilakukan di Laboratorium Pengembangan Wilayah Pantai(LPWP) Jepara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan bersifat deskriptip-ekploratif dan 'eksperimental. ti,skriptip-ekploratip dilakukan terhadap kasus yang terjadi ditambak intensif kecamatan Losari, Sedangkan eksperimental dilakukan untuk uji Jaya toleranSi udang terhadap daya racun amoniak. Basil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kecenderungan dampak negatif dari intensifikasi tambak terhadap kondisi ekologis sistem tambak. Dampak ekologis mempengaruhi tingkat kualitas air, kelimpahan plankton,makrobenthos dan mikroorganisme, dentin nilai indek renting berturut-turut adalah; -3;-3;-3 dan -3. Uji daya toleransi udang terhadap amoniak (NH3-N) menunjukkan bahwa pada udang berurnur 2 bulan konsentrasi 0.72 telah dapat mematikan 5%, sedangkan pada udang berumur 4 bulan konsentrasi 5,18 ppm telah dapat mematikan 20 %,dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi akan meningkatkan nortalitas. Uji daya toleransi udang terhadap nitrit (NO2-N) menunjukkan bahwa nada udang berumar 2 bulan konsentrasi 0.72 telah dapat mematikan 5 %,sedang pada udang berumur 4 bulan konsentrasi 1.49 ppm telah dapat mematikan 25%, dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi akan meningkatkan mortalitas. The intensification of shrimp culture characterized by high stocking density, high technology and feeding strategies in order to improve shrimp 'growth. With the high stocking density will consequently increase the feeding rate and it run, in turn, expected to improve shrimp growth and tambak productivity. The intensification shrimp culture will changing the ecological balance in the intensive tambak systems and it's surrounding area. The objective of this study are to evaluate the ecological condition of intensive shrimp culture and to determine the ammonia toxicity tolerance of shrimp. The study has been performed from June 1997 to April 1998. Enviromemal impact evaluation of intensive shrimp culture was conducted in Losari District, Brebes Regency of Central Java Province. Where as the estimation of lethal concentration (LC-50) of ammonia fcre_ity on shrimp was conducted in Coastal Zone Ecodevelopment Laboratory (CZEL) — UNDIP, Jepara. Research methodology adopted in in this study are the descriptive-exploration was executed in the study of environmental laboratories were adopted for the study of ammonia toxicity tolerance of shrimp. The result of this study indicated that the intensification of tambak culture tend to give negative impact on the ecological condition of tambak systems. The ecoloE leaf impact were affecting on the water quality levels, plankton diversity and distribution, macro benthos organisms, and microorganisms. The important index values obtained are as follows; -3 ; -3; -3 and -3. Experiment of the shrimp tolerance upon ammonia (NI43) showed that for the shrimp of 2 months in age, 0.72 ppm result in 5% death; Where as for the shrimp of 4 months in age, 5, 1E ppm 20 % the animals were killed. It may be noted that the higher the NI-13 concentration applied, the greater the mortality. Experiment of the shrimp tolerance upon nitrite (NO2) showed that for the sin imp of 2 months in age, 0,72 ppm result in 5% death; where as for the shrimp of 4 months in age, 1, 49 ppm 25% of the animals were killed. It ma6y be noted i1lat the higher the NO2 concentration applied, the greater the mortality

Plant Performance and Added Value of Soybean Farming by Tillage and Plant Spacing

This study aimed to determine plant performance and added value of soybean farming by applying tillage and plant spacing. This study was conducted by two treatments, namely treatment I: no-tillage and scatter planting system on soybean farming, and treatment II: tillage and plant spacing on soybean farming. Primary data were in the form of plant performance, production, and soybean farming. The data were analyzed descriptively using average plant growth and productivity, RCR, BCR, and MBCR. The results of the study showed that the soybean farming with tillage and plant spacing resulted in better growth, a higher number of branches, number of pods, and productivity than the existing farmer. The soybean productivity increased by 19.73%. Tillage and plant spacing were proven to provide added value, i.e., increasing farmers' income by IDR 3,808,000/ha (an increase of 19.72%) and farmers' profits by IDR 2,523,682/ha (an increase of 26.61%). Even though the proportion of costs increased by 13.07%, there was a higher increase in the proportion of profits by 21.01%. The MBCR value of 1.96 showed that when the farming cost increased by IDR 1,000 due to tillage and plant spacing, the profit increased by IDR 1,960

The Effectiveness of The Dissemination Method on Soybean Technology Innovation

The study aims to analyze the increase in farmers' knowledge and attitudes to technological innovations in soybean production using the dissemination method. The study was carried out from October 2020 to January 2021 by combining the dissemination of meetings information and technology demonstrations in the Grobogan Regency. Data collection used a survey before (pre-test) and after (post-test) evaluation in the dissemination implementation. Respondents were determined using purposive sampling, 35 cooperative farmers in disseminating soybean technology innovation activities. The data were descriptively analyzed using the average value, percentage, and paired sample t-test. The enhancement of farmers' knowledge is analyzed based on the percentage of correct answers by farmers. Changes in farmers' attitude-response are implemented into a radar graph. The study results showed that after attending meetings information and technology demonstrations, the farmers' knowledge of soybean production technology increased by 21.1%. The pre-test results showed that farmers already had a positive attitude and response to soybean production technology, with an average score of 2.64. The post-test results showed that farmers' positive attitudes and responses increased, with an average score of 2.84