73 research outputs found
Growth Inhibition and Morphological Changes Caused by Lipophilic Acids in Mammalian Cells
Spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of cadmium with iodide and methyl violet
445-446A selective spectrophotometric method based on the interaction of an anionic iodo complex of cadmium with methyl violet has been described for the determination of trace amounts of cadmium. The developed method is precise, accurate and has been applied to determination of cadmium at trace levels (25 ppb) in sea water and high purity samples of indium and zinc materials
Novel derivative of aminobenzenesulfonamide (3c) induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells through ROS generation and inhibits cell migration
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common type of cancer worldwide. New anti-cancer agents
are needed for treating late stage colorectal cancer as most of the deaths occur due to cancer metastasis. A
recently developed compound, 3c has shown to have potent antitumor effect; however the mechanism underlying
the antitumor effect remains unknown.
Methods: 3c-induced inhibition of proliferation was measured in the absence and presence NAC using MTT in
HT-29 and SW620 cells and xCELLigence RTCA DP instrument. 3c-induced apoptotic studies were performed using
flow cytometry. 3c-induced redox alterations were measured by ROS production using fluorescence plate reader
and flow cytometry and mitochondrial membrane potential by flow cytometry; NADPH and GSH levels were
determined by colorimetric assays. Bcl2 family protein expression and cytochrome c release and PARP activation
was done by western blotting. Caspase activation was measured by ELISA. Cell migration assay was done using the
real time xCELLigence RTCA DP system in SW620 cells and wound healing assay in HT-29.
Results: Many anticancer therapeutics exert their effects by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study,
we demonstrate that 3c-induced inhibition of cell proliferation is reversed by the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine,
suggesting that 3c acts via increased production of ROS in HT-29 cells. This was confirmed by the direct
measurement of ROS in 3c-treated colorectal cancer cells. Additionally, treatment with 3c resulted in decreased
NADPH and glutathione levels in HT-29 cells. Further, investigation of the apoptotic pathway showed increased
release of cytochrome c resulting in the activation of caspase-9, which in turn activated caspase-3 and โ6. 3c also
(i) increased p53 and Bax expression, (ii) decreased Bcl2 and BclxL expression and (iii) induced PARP cleavage in
human colorectal cancer cells. Confirming our observations, NAC significantly inhibited induction of apoptosis, ROS
production, cytochrome c release and PARP cleavage. The results further demonstrate that 3c inhibits cell migration
by modulating EMT markers and inhibiting TGFฮฒ-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Samd3.
Conclusions: Our findings thus demonstrate that 3c disrupts redox balance in colorectal cancer cells and support
the notion that this agent may be effective for the treatment of colorectal cancer
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