Atendimento de puérperas pela fisioterapia em uma maternidade pública humanizada Postpartum women assisted by physical therapy at a humanized public maternity house

O objetivo foi descrever o perfil de puérperas atendidas pela fisioterapia em uma maternidade pública de Betim, MG, e o atendimento a elas prestado, visando contribuir para a assistência fisioterapêutica obstétrica. Foi feito um levantamento de 215 fichas de avaliação fisioterapêutica de puérperas, contendo dados demográficos e clínicos, além dos registros específicos da fisioterapia. A maioria da puérperas era jovem, do lar, casadas, multíparas e de Betim. Quanto à avaliação das mamas, a maioria apresentou mamas simétricas, secretantes, mamilos protrusos, tendo sido observados poucos traumas mamilares ou dificuldade na amamentação; 62,3% das puérperas apresentavam diafragma normocinético, 85,1% som timpânico à percussão abdominal, involução uterina dentro da normalidade, 87,9% contração do assoalho pélvico presente, 30,3% edema em membros inferiores; a diástase dos músculos reto-abdominais foi de 2±1 e 1±1 dedos supra e infra-umbilical, respectivamente. As condutas adotadas foram: exercícios respiratórios diafragmáticos, abdominais isométricos, contração do assoalho pélvico; exercícios circulatórios de membros inferiores, manobras de eliminação de flatos, deambulação e orientação. O perfil das puérperas atendidas correspondeu ao esperado, encontrando-se elas em estado de recuperação puerperal. A conduta proposta pela fisioterapia foi realizada pela grande maioria das puérperas.<br>The aim was to describe the profile of postpartum women attended to at the physical therapy service in a public maternity house in Betim, MG, as well as the treatment they received. The study drew on a total of 215 medical charts of postpartum women, contaning personal, clinic and physical therapy data. Most women were young, married, housewives, multiparous, and from Betim. As to breast evaluation, most women had simetric and secretive breast, protruded nipples, few nipple traumas or breast-feeding difficulty having been observed; 62,3% of the women presented normal diaphragm kinetics, 85,1% had tympanic sound at abdominal percussion, and normal uterine involution; 87,9% presented pelvic floor muscle contraction, and 30,3% lower limb edema; abdominal muscle diastases measured supra and infra umbilical 2±1 and 1±1 fingers, respectively. As to physical therapy, the women were treated with diaphragm respiratory exercises, abdominal isometric exercises, pelvic floor muscle contractions, lower limb circulatory exercises, flatus elimination maneuvers, deambulation, and guiding. The women's profile was found to be as expected for post-partum physiological recovery. Most had accomplished the physical therapy protocols offered. This study provides useful information on obstetric physical therapy assistance

Diástase dos músculos retoabdominais no puerpério imediato de primíparas e multíparas após o parto vaginal

O presente estudo comparou a diástase dos músculos retoabdominais (DMRA) supra-umbilical (SU) e infra-umbilical (IU) entre primíparas e multíparas, correlacionou com a paridade, idade materna, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e tempo de trabalho de parto (TTP). Foram incluídas 100 primíparas com idade de 21,0±4,4 anos e 100 multíparas com idade de 27,2±6,2 anos submetidas ao parto vaginal. A DMRA foi avaliada nos pontos 4,5 cm acima e abaixo da cicatriz umbilical com o paquímetro. Foram empregados o test t de Student e correlação de Pearson, adotando-se pThe present study compared the diastasis of rectus abdominis muscle (DRAM) above and below umbilicus in primiparous and multiparous and correlated these with maternal's age, number of births, body mass index (BMI) and labour. Women's submitted to a vaginal delivery were included: 100 primiparous women (aged 21.0±4.4 years) and 100 multiparous women (27.2±6.2 years). The DRAM was measurements 4.5 cm above and below de umbilical scar with a caliper. Statistical analysis was conducted by Student's t-test for dependent samples and Pearson´s correlation, considering p<0.05. The DRAM above umbilicus in primiparous was 2.3±1.2 cm and 2.6± 1.4 cm in multiparous and below umbilicus were 1.2±0.9 cm and 1.2±1.0, showing no difference. The DRAM above umbilicus was higher than below in primiparous and multiparous (p<0.0001). It was found a significant association between the DRAM above and below the umbilicus, and DRAM above umbilicus and maternal's age and number of births. No correlations with the BMI and labor were observed. DRAM above umbilicus was significantly greater in both groups, but similar when primiparous and multiparous were compared. A significant correlation was observed among DRAM above and below umbilicus, DRAM above umbilicus and maternal's age and number of births