1,881 research outputs found
Rapporto Finale del Progetto âMaster regionale in tutela dellâambiente marino e oceanografia - MARAMBOâ
Questo rapporto di fine progetto presenta i dati relativi al âMaster regionale in tutela dellâambiente marino e oceanografia - MARAMBOâ finanziato dell'ambito dell'Avviso 1/2012 del PO âFSEâ Sicilia 2017-2013. Il progetto formativo ha previsto attivitĂ di formazione e training on the job a 8 allievi per un periodo di 12 mesi (1200 ore), con l'obiettivo generale di rafforzare il sistema regionale siciliano della ricerca scientifica-tecnologica e dellâalta formazione ad essa relativa. L'obiettivo specifico, invece, Ăš stato quello di creare competenze specialistiche ed interdisciplinari per il monitoraggio e la tutela dellâambiente marino, ovvero la macro-area di interesse dell'IAMC-CNR. Il rapporto ripercorre le attivitĂ del progetto formativo, le relative tempistiche e modalitĂ esecutive ed i moduli formativi nel dettaglio. Vengono altresĂŹ sottolineati gli aspetti innovativi in termini di training on the job, work experiences, attivitĂ di laboratorio e collaterali nelle quali gli allievi sono stati coinvolti. Il rapporto si conclude con alcune considerazioni finali, la presentazione dei dati di placement a fine corso e di raggiungimento degli obiettivi previsti, alla luce dalle caratteristiche e dei limiti imposti dall'Avviso 1/2012
Reproducing Botryosphaeria dieback foliar symptoms in a simple model system
Botryosphaeria dieback is a grapevine trunk disease with a worldwide distribution and associated with Diplodia seriata and Neofusicoccum parvum among several other Botryosphaeriaceae species. The aforementioned xylem-inhabiting fungi cause wood lesions, leaf and berry symptoms and eventually lead to the death of the plant. The aim of this work was to develop a simple model system to reproduce the foliar symptoms caused by D. seriata and N. parvum to better characterize fungal pathogenicity and determine the mechanisms involved in symptom development. Green stems of grafted grapevine cuttings cv. Aragonez were inoculated with three isolates of N. parvum and two isolates of D. seriata with different degrees of virulence and the experiment was repeated four times from 2011 to 2014. Three months after inoculation, the lesions associated with N. parvum were larger than those associated with D. seriata. Similarly, eight months after inoculation the percentage of plants showing foliar symptoms was greater in the N. parvum treatments than in the D. seriata treatments. During the emergence of foliar symptoms, plant stress-related responses were modulated in green stems and leaves, especially a down-regulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein (fascAGP) and an up-regulation of stilbene synthase (STS) with an accumulation of phenolics. In conclusion, the simple model system developed allowed a good characterization of isolate pathogenicity and correlation with foliar symptoms of Botryosphaeria dieback, namely spots on leaf margin and blade
In vitro susceptibility test of Cladosporium cladosporioides isolates from Argentinian tomato crops against commercial fungicides
Tomato cultivation is an important agricultural activity in northeast of Argentina, and disease control is indispensable for its production. The purpose of the current study was to identify two fungi isolated from tomato plants cultivated in greenhouses, with symptoms of leaf mould disease and a strain of the genus Cladosporium from a culture collection, and evaluate their in vitro susceptibility to four commercial fungicides. Macro and microscopic examination, molecular characterisation and sequence analysis were applied for identification. Broth dilution and spread plate methods were used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicide concentration (MFC). The active ingredients of the products were azoxystrobin+difenoconazole, trifloxystrobin+tebuconazole, chlorothalonil and metalaxyl-M+mancozeb. The results were processed using the Kruskal-Wallis method. The isolates were identified as Cladosporium cladosporioidesa-c; consequently, lesions found on tomato plants did not corrspond to Cladosporium fulvum. There was a significant statistical difference between the obtained values. Qualitatively, the three strains had a similar behaviour for chlorothalonil (MIC values: 0.25 - 0.5 ÎŒg/ml, MFC values: 4 ÎŒg/ml). In all cases, tests with metalaxyl-M+mancozeb yielded higher values than those achieved for chlorothalonil (MIC values: 8 ÎŒg/ml, MFC values: 8- 32 ÎŒg/ml). trobilurin-formulated fungicides were less effective against C. cladosporioidesa-b (MIC values: 16-256 ÎŒg/ml, MFC values: >64 ÎŒg/ml). C. cladosporioidesc was the most sensitive isolate. The information about the presence of a non-frequent fungus and its fungicide susceptibility, would be useful for establishing control strategies and enhance production
RelaciĂłn entre el nĂșmero y horario de comidas, ingesta energĂ©tica y de nutrientes y composiciĂłn corporal en adultos jĂłvenes
Los adultos jĂłvenes se someten a cambios bruscos en su alimentaciĂłn, favoreciendo patrones alimentarios irregulares que podrĂan afectar su composiciĂłn corporal. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la relaciĂłn entre el nĂșmero y horario de comidas, ingesta energĂ©tica y denutrientes y composiciĂłn corporal en adultos jĂłvenes. Para ello se aplicĂł un estudio observacional,cuantitativo, transversal con una muestra consistente en 95 estudiantes universitarios de 18 a 35 años. El anĂĄlisis de los resultados arrojĂł que sobre la poblaciĂłn del 66,3% mujeres con una edad promedio 22,01 ± 3,31 años; el 40% realizĂł las 4 comidas principales, el 82,1% habĂa desayunado, el 100% habĂa almorzado, el 78,9% habĂa merendado y el 95,8% habĂa cenado. Se identificĂł una correlaciĂłn estadĂsticamente significativa entre el nĂșmero de comidas y la ingesta energĂ©tica; la hora del desayuno y la edad, edad corporal y grasa visceral; la hora de la merienda y la grasa visceral. Se concluye que mantener horarios regulares y nĂșmero adecuado de ingesta son clavespara el buen desempeño del organismo humano, por lo cual en las recomendaciones nutricionales se deberĂa incluirel horario de las comidas.Young adults undergo abrupt changes in their diet, favoring irregular eating patterns that could affect their body composition. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the number and timing of meals, energy and nutrient intake, and body composition in young adults. For this, an observational, quantitative, crosssectional study was applied with a sample consisting of 95 university students between 18 and 35 years of age. The analysis of the results showed that 66.3% of the population were women with an average age of 22.01 ± 3.31 years; 40% had the 4 main meals, 82.1% had breakfast, 100% had lunch, 78.9% had a snack and 95.8% had dinner. A statistically significant correlation was identified between the number of meals and energy intake; breakfast time and age, body age, and visceral fat; snack time and visceral fat. It is concluded that maintaining regular schedules and an adequate number of meals are key to the good performance of the human organism, for which the timing of meals should be included in the nutritional recommendations.Fil: RodrĂguez, Yamila Elvira. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata. Secretaria de Politicas del Conocimiento. Instituto de Investigaciones CientĂficas (sede Goya); ArgentinaFil: Dietz, Rocio Milagros. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata. Secretaria de Politicas del Conocimiento. Instituto de Investigaciones CientĂficas (sede Goya); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de QuĂmica BĂĄsica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Instituto de QuĂmica BĂĄsica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino; ArgentinaFil: Spagnolo, Lorena Cecilia. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata. Secretaria de Politicas del Conocimiento. Instituto de Investigaciones CientĂficas (sede Goya); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Arevalo, MarĂa de los Angeles. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata. Secretaria de Politicas del Conocimiento. Instituto de Investigaciones CientĂficas (sede Goya); ArgentinaFil: Mancuello, RocĂo LujĂĄn. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata. Secretaria de Politicas del Conocimiento. Instituto de Investigaciones CientĂficas (sede Goya); Argentin
Phytotoxic metabolites from Neofusicoccum parvum, a pathogen of Botryosphaeria dieback of grapevine
Liquid chromatography-diode array screening of the organic extract of the cultures of 13 isolates of the
fungus Neofusicoccum parvum, the main causal agent of botryosphaeria dieback of grapevine, showed
similar metabolites. One strain was selected for further chemical studies and led to the isolation and
characterisation of 13 metabolites. Structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analyses, including
one- and two-dimensional NMR and mass spectrometry, and through comparison to literature data. The
isolated compounds belong to four different chemical families: five metabolites, namely, ( )-terremutin
(1), (+)-terremutin hydrate (2), (+)-epi-sphaeropsidone (3) ( )-4-chloro-terremutin hydrate (4) and(+)-4-
hydroxysuccinate-terremutin hydrate (5), belong to the family of dihydrotoluquinones; two metabolites,
namely, (6S,7R) asperlin (6) and (6R,7S)-dia-asperlin (7), belong to the family of epoxylactones; four
metabolites, namely, (R)-( )-mellein (8), (3R,4R)-4-hydroxymellein (9), (3R,4S)-4-hydroxymellein (10)
(R)( )-3-hydroxymellein (11), belong to the family of dihydroisocoumarins; and two of the metabolites,
namely, 6-methyl-salicylic acid (12) and 2-hydroxypropyl salicylic acid (13), belong to the family of
hydroxybenzoic acids. We determined the phytotoxic activity of the isolated metabolites through a leaf
disc assay and the expression of defence-related genes in Vitis vinifera cells cv. Chardonnay cultured with
( )-terremutin (1), the most abundant metabolite. Finally, analysis of the brown stripes of grapevine
wood from plants showing botryosphaeria dieback symptoms revealed the presence of two of the isolated
phytotoxinsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Bollettino on-line del progetto Ritmare
Il progetto allâinterno del quale si Ăš inserita l' attivitĂ "La scienza del Mare nelle scuole" Ăš il Progetto Ritmare (La Ricerca Italiana per il Mare). Il progetto Ritmare Ăš un progetto strategico per la ricerca sul mare in Italia, che vuole coniugare le risorse ambientali del mare con lâuso connesso alle attivitĂ produttive e allo sfruttamento energetico delle sue risorse, sviluppando tecnologie ed innovazione e, al tempo stesso, promuovendone la sua conoscenza e il rispetto. In tale contesto il progetto propone di sensibilizzare gli studenti delle scuole di primo e secondo grado alle scienze del mare, sperimentando un approccio multidisciplinare che unisca il mondo scientifico e tecnologico a quello didattico, attraverso l'uso di strumenti di comunicazione che vadano dalle forme artistiche ed espressive a quelle prettamente tecnologiche e multimediali
OltreMare - Un progetto per il futuro della BiodiversitĂ del Mediterraneo
Osservatorio e comunicazione.
Questo progetto narra dello sguardo degli artisti dellâAccademia di Belle Arti di Palermo sul lavoro di ricerca portato avanti dallâIAS - CNR (ex IAMC) riguardo
allâosservazione e alla tutela della BiodiversitĂ e costituisce uno strumento eccellente di comunicazione per un pubblico quanto mai ampio.
La divulgazione della scienza Ăš unâattivitĂ complessa e sicuramente necessita di competenze e attitudini multidisciplinari oltrechĂ© di motivazione ed entusiasmo.
La comunicazione delle tematiche scientifiche, di per sĂš ostiche nella traduzione al grande pubblico, grazie alla forza e allâimmediatezza tipica dellâespressione artistica diventa prodigioso spunto di riflessione e di osservazione, sia per i giovani che per la comunitĂ intera. Grazie al progetto Osservatorio della BiodiversitĂ Siciliana, sono state realizzate da partners con competenze istituzionali complementari , quali lâAccademia di Belle Arti di Palermo e lâIAS - CNR di Capo Granitola, delle azioni didattiche e creative di
valore scientifico espresse con straordinaria forza e bellezza. La sinergia creata, nata da un rapporto consolidato ormai da tempo, ha portato ad uno scambio tra ricercatori e professori che si sono messi in gioco in uno sforzo congiunto per avvicinare le proprie competenze. In seguito ad unâintensa attivitĂ di coordinamento e pianificazione dei lavori, si Ăš riusciti a portare avanti un progetto ambizioso e imponente, coinvolgendo moltissimi ambiti scientifici e altrettante cattedre, sensibilizzando cosĂŹ gli artisti ai temi della BiodiversitĂ .
Le opere prodotte, accompagnate da schede scientifiche, hanno dunque acquisito un valore, oltrechĂ© artistico, didattico, e restano come testimonianze oggettive, nel percorso culturale, per i visitatori dellâOsservatorio.
Questa collaborazione conferma lâimportanza e lâopportunitĂ di unire arte e scienza per esaltare la percezione della ricerca scientifica da parte della
comunitĂ e ,ancora una volta, si conferma come, per fare âcose straordinarieâ, siano piĂč importanti i rapporti umani piuttosto che le competenze tecniche.
A tal proposito, un ringraziamento sentito al Prof. Calogero Piro che, con passione e dedizione, ha reso possibile questa esperienza, e al gruppo di
Comunicazione EDU Lab dellâIAS - CNR, che Ăš stato, per me, un supporto indispensabile per la realizzazione di questo complesso progetto
Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an
Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð„with constraintsð ð ð„ „ ðandðŽð„ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis
Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in protonâproton collisions at âs = 7 TeV
Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript â1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio
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