Mucocutaneous diseases with manifestations in the head and neck region:24 years of experience in a Dermatology service

This study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological features of mucocutaneous diseases with manifestation in the head and neck region. A retrospective analysis of a dermatology reference center database was carried out. Over 24 years. Clinicopathological data were collected from medical records and the data was analyzed by descriptive statistics. A total of 11.538 medical records were analyzed, being 152 cases of mucocutaneous diseases with manifestations in the head and neck region. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus was the most prevalent diagnosis (66.4%). Face (44.1%), females (79.6%), and patients with 45 years mean age were the most common features. In the oral cavity, the most affected region was the buccal mucosa (37.5%). Mucocutaneous diseases with head and neck manifestation were rare in the sample analyzed (1.3%), with cutaneous lupus erythematosus and lichen planus being the most common lesions in this region

PRINCIPAIS CARACTERÍSTICAS DO PÊNFIGO E GRUPO DE DOENÇAS PENFIGOIDES

As dermatoses bolhosas autoimunes constituem um grupo de doenças clinicamente caracterizadas pela formação de bolhas como resultado da ação específica de autoanticorpos. Quando os anticorpos apresentam especificidade para componentes das junções intercelulares dos queratinócitos as bolhas se formam dentro do epitélio, como ocorre no Pênfigo. Se os autoanticorpos são direcionados contra componentes das junções epitélio-conjuntivo, formam-se bolhas subepiteliais, característica do grupo de doenças penfigóides. O objetivo desse trabalho foi a realização de uma revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa para análise das características que envolvem a etiopatogenia, apresentação clínica e histopatológica do pênfigo e do grupo de doenças penfigoides. Este estudo contribui para fornecer bases teóricas que suportam a compreensão das características inerentes a essas patologias

Oral paracoccidioidomycosis in a non-endemic region from Brazil: a short case series

Although the paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is endemic in Brazil, the occurrence in most states from the North and Northeastern Brazil is very unusual. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathologic features of a case series of oral PCM in a non-endemic region from Brazil (Northeastern region), discussing the clinical and histopathological differential diagnoses of the oral manifestations of the disease. Between 2000 and 2017, all cases of oral PCM were retrieved from the Oral Pathology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, located at Northeastern Brazil. Clinical data, such as age, gender, origin, occupation, site, symptoms, time of complaints, clinical presentation, number of lesions, and clinical hypotheses of diagnosis, were collected from the clinical charts. All cases were histologically reviewed in hematoxylin-eosin and Gomori-Grocott staining. Six cases were identified. All patients were male, with a mean age of 53.8 years (ranging from 40 to 73 years). Four cases appeared as multiple ulcers and two presented single lesions (buccal mucosa and hard palate). Clinically, in five cases, squamous cell carcinoma was considered in the differential diagnosis. The common histopathological features consisted of hyperplastic epithelium, intraepithelial microabscesses, and formation of granulomatous chronic inflammatory reaction in a fibrous connective tissue with severe chronic inflammatory reaction. Yeasts were observed either inside of multinucleated giant cells or extracellularly. Although rare in non-endemic regions, oral PCM should be considered in the differential diagnosis of oral chronic ulcers, mainly those multiple

Heterogeneity and versatility of the extracellular matrix during the transition from pleomorphic adenoma to carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma: cumulative findings from basic research and new insights

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common salivary gland tumor, accounting for 50%–60% of these neoplasms. If untreated, 6.2% of PA may undergo malignant transformation to carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA). CXPA is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor, whose prevalence represents approximately 3%–6% of all salivary gland tumors. Although the pathogenesis of the PA-CXPA transition remains unclear, CXPA development requires the participation of cellular components and the tumor microenvironment for its progression. The extracellular matrix (ECM) comprises a heterogeneous and versatile network of macromolecules synthesized and secreted by embryonic cells. In the PA-CXPA sequence, ECM is formed by a variety of components including collagen, elastin, fibronectin, laminins, glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and other glycoproteins, mainly secreted by epithelial cells, myoepithelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells. Like in other tumors including breast cancer, ECM changes play an important role in the PA-CXPA sequence. This review summarizes what is currently known about the role of ECM during CXPA development

Somatic copy number alterations in pleomorphic adenoma and recurrent pleomorphic adenoma

Objective. As the genetic changes in recurrent pleomorphic adenoma (RPA) have not yet been investigated, the aim of this study was to assess the genomic profile of somatic copy number alteration in RPA and pleomorphic adenoma (PA) by using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). Study Design. Four cases of RPA and 13 cases of PA were evaluated by using aCGH, using a 180 K platform. Data were analyzed by using Nexus Copy Number Discovery. Results. The RPA group rarely showed any copy number alteration, except for 1 case that exhibited losses in 5 p15.33 p15.1, 5 g13.1 q35.3 and 12 q12 813.11. The PA group also showed few copy number alterations, and the most frequent findings involved chromosomes 8: 8p21.3-p12 (gain), 8q12.1 (loss), 8p23.3-q24.3 (gain), and 8q12.1-q21.11 (gain). Genomic amplifications were revealed in the PA group, and the relevant affected genes were MAML2 and LIFR. Conclusions. PA and RPA exhibit few somatic copy number alterations and show a similar genomic profile on aCGH.12915964FAPESP – Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa Do Estado De São Paulo11/23204-5; 11/23366-5; 15/07304-0; 17/00831-