Performance of resistant varieties (PIWI) at two different altitudes in Southern Brazil

In southern Brazil there is a predominance of labrusca and hybrid varieties for wine and juice production due to climatic conditions of high rainfall, temperature and relative humidity. Growing varieties that combine disease resistance and wine quality (PIWI) can be an alternative to improve wine quality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of three PIWI varieties (Felicia, Calardis Blanc and Aromera) in two regions (Videira, 27∘01′S and 51∘08′W, altitude 830 m; and São Joaquim, 28∘13′S and 50∘04′W, altitude 1100 m) in the vintage 2018. The date of occurrence of main phenological stages, productiveindexes, clusters characteristics and grape qualitative indexes was evaluated. There was no difference for budbreak date, but flowering, veraison an maturity time varied between regions. The development of plants is slower when they are cultivated at a higher altitude. The number of clusters per plant and yield were higher at 830 m for all varieties. For productive indexes Felicia and Calardis Blanc varieties stood out in relation to Aromera in all parameters. Among the evaluated varieties, Felicia and Calardis Blanc were better adapted to the lower altitude region and had higher productivity and the same grape quality. On the other hand, Aromera presented higher productivity at 830 m but higher soluble solids content at 1100 m

Barriers in European spiny lobster ( Palinurus elephas ) aquaculture: What we know so far?

Palinurids, also known as spiny lobsters, are high-value seafood, which is economically important for many European and Asian seafood trades. However, the reduction of wild European spiny lobster populations produces a need for developing alternative renewable strategies to meet current and future demands. Aquaculture of spiny lobsters has the potential to become of major economic importance in the coming years with growing markets in Asia, Europe, and America, with Palinurus elephas being a promising candidate species for use in the commercial culture and stock enhancement of natural fisheries. This is due to its shorter larval periods and rapid growth to the critical puerulus stage compared with other spiny lobster species. While we have a basic understanding of the lifecycle and biology of P. elephas, much of this is based on work undertaken on similar species globally. There are many gaps in our knowledge that need to be addressed to make its aquaculture viable with appropriate feeds being an immediate issue as well as many other husbandry-related factors. Previous studies act as a platform providing a baseline for further research and highlighting constraints. Developments in the use of P. elephas are promising due to realistically bridgeable knowledge gaps, the likelihood of producing sustainable food and the high commercial value of spiny lobsters. This review identifies our present state of knowledge and outlines the scope for further research and necessary technological developments to make it a viable contribution towards crustacean aquaculture in Europe

Performance of resistant varieties (PIWI) at two different altitudes in Southern Brazil

In southern Brazil there is a predominance of labrusca and hybrid varieties for wine and juice production due to climatic conditions of high rainfall, temperature and relative humidity. Growing varieties that combine disease resistance and wine quality (PIWI) can be an alternative to improve wine quality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of three PIWI varieties (Felicia, Calardis Blanc and Aromera) in two regions (Videira, 27∘01′S and 51∘08′W, altitude 830 m; and São Joaquim, 28∘13′S and 50∘04′W, altitude 1100 m) in the vintage 2018. The date of occurrence of main phenological stages, productiveindexes, clusters characteristics and grape qualitative indexes was evaluated. There was no difference for budbreak date, but flowering, veraison an maturity time varied between regions. The development of plants is slower when they are cultivated at a higher altitude. The number of clusters per plant and yield were higher at 830 m for all varieties. For productive indexes Felicia and Calardis Blanc varieties stood out in relation to Aromera in all parameters. Among the evaluated varieties, Felicia and Calardis Blanc were better adapted to the lower altitude region and had higher productivity and the same grape quality. On the other hand, Aromera presented higher productivity at 830 m but higher soluble solids content at 1100 m

Evaluation of resistant cultivars’ (PIWI) behaviour in the central plateau of Santa Catarina, Brazil

La regione meridionale del Brasile presenta un alto potenziale per la produzione di uva. Negli ultimi due decenni, nelle regioni con più di 900 m di altitudine nello stato di Santa Catarina, in Brasile, la produzione di uve europee (Vitis vinífera L.) è stata evidenziato, soprattutto per la produzione di vini di alta qualità. Tuttavia, la produzione è stata problematica a causa del alti tassi di precipitazione, che aumentano la pressione delle malattie fungine, come la peronospora (Plasmopora viticola). Basato su questo, le cultivar PIWI, che combina resistenza alle malattie, tra cui muffe e qualità del vino, sono promettenti alternativa a coltivare. Inoltre, a Santa Catarina, le regioni di altitudine non tradizionali hanno condizioni climatiche adeguate la produzione di vini pregiati. Per realizzare questa ricerca, è stato sviluppato un progetto in collaborazione con la ricerca agricola di Rural Extension di Santa Catarina (Brasile), l'Università Federale di Santa Catarina (Brasile), l'Istituto Julius Kühn (Germania) e la Fondazione Edmund Mach (Italia). Questo lavoro mirava a valutare le prestazioni di tre cultivar PIWI (V. vinifera) nell'altopiano centrale di Santa Catarina, in Brasile. Il cvs. "Felicia", "Calardis Blanc" e "Regent" sono stati valutati il ciclo del 2017/2018. Il vigneto è stato istituito nel 2015, nella Experimental Station di UFSC, Campus of Curitibanos, coordinate di 27 ° 16'25 "S e 50 ° 30'11" O e altitudine di 1000 m. Le piante sono state condotte in un sistema a traliccio verticale di 3.0 x 1,2 m, in blocchi completamente randomizzati disegno sperimentale, replicato quattro volte consisteva di dieci piante Il principale fasi fenologiche (germogliamento, piena fioritura, véraison e maturità), richiesta termica richiesta, evoluzione della maturazione e la produttività, sono stati caratterizzati. La fenologia è stata accompagnata utilizzando la scala fenologica descritta da Eichhorn & Lorenz. La somma termica è stata determinata utilizzando l'indice Winkler. I dati giornalieri di temperatura sono stati ottenuti da stazione meteorologica installata vicino al vigneto. L'evoluzione della maturazione è stata osservata dall'inizio del maturazione alla raccolta. Ogni settimana, 30 bacche di ogni cvs. sono stati raccolti, con quattro repliche, per l'estrazione del mosto e determinazione del contenuto di solidi totali solidi (TSS) in ° Brix e acidità totale titolabile (TTA) in meq.L-1. Il la produttività è stata determinata dalla raccolta di tutti i cluster di cinque piante per blocchi e del calcolo della media per pianta (kg.impianto-1) e per ettaro (kg ha-1). La durata media del ciclo era di 143, 146 e 147 giorni; la richiesta termica di 1.228,5, 1.260,9 e 1.269,2 gradi giorno e la produttività di 3.040,0, 7.808,0 e 1.892,6 kg.ha-1, per cvs. ‘Felicia’, 'Calardis Blanc' e 'Regent', rispettivamente. Tutti i CV. ha mostrato i primi germogli, a partire dal 12 e 15 settembre, e il raccolto, il 1 °, 7 e 8 febbraio 2018, per cvs. "Felicia", "Calardis Blanc" e "Regent" rispettivamente. Nel raccolto, il I valori TSS erano 19.2, 17.9 e 21.0 ° Brix e per TTA erano 110, 107 e 112 meq.L-1, rispettivamente per cvs. 'Felicia', 'CalardisBlanc' e 'Regent'. Questo studio dimostra che la somma termica accumulata in Curitibanos è sufficiente per i cvs. per completare il loro ciclo e raggiungere la piena maturazione. Tuttavia, il germogliamento relativamente recente delle cvs. È un fattore di rischio, una volta che può provocare perdite causate da gelate tardive. In termini di produttività, "Calardis Blanc" si è distinto verso gli altri cv. Per il secondo anno di produzione, tutti i cvs. presentato potenziale produttivo. Infine, questa ricerca ha dimostrato che le tre cv. analizzato ha mostrato potencial prominente per la viticoltura nelle condizioni climatiche dell'altopiano centrale di Santa Catarina, in Brasile per il produzione di vini pregiatiThe Southern region of Brazil presents a high potential for grape production. In the past two decades, in regions with more than 900 m of altitude on the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, the production of European grapes (Vitis vinífera L.) has been highlighted, especially for the production of hight quality wines. However, the production has been problematic due to the high precipitation rates, which increase the pressure of fungal diseases, such as downy mildew (Plasmopora viticola). Based on that, PIWI cultivars, which combines resistance to diseases, including mildews, and quality of wine, are a promising alternative to cultivate. In addition, in Santa Catarina, non-traditional altitude regions have climatic conditions suitable for the production of fine wines. To carry out this research, a project was developed in association with the Agricultural Research of Rural Extension of Santa Catarina (Brazil), the Federal University of Santa Catarina (Brazil), the Julius Kühn Institute (Germany) and the Edmund Mach Foundation (Italy). This work aimed to evaluate the performance of three PIWI cultivars (V. vinifera) in the Central Plateau of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The cvs. ‘Felicia’, ‘Calardis Blanc’, and ‘Regent’, were evaluated in the cycle of 2017/2018. The vineyard was stablished in 2015, in the Experimental Station of UFSC, Campus of Curitibanos, coordinates of 27°16'25"S and 50°30'11"W and altitude of 1000 m. The plants were conducted in vertical trellis system of 3.0 x 1.2 m, in completely randomized blocks experimental design, replicated four times consisted of ten plants The main pheenological stages (budding, full bloom, véraison and maturity), the thermal demand required, the evolution of maturation and productivity, were characterized. The phenology was accompanied using the phenological scale described by Eichhorn & Lorenz. The thermal sum was determined using the Winkler index. The daily data of temperature were obtained from meteorological station installed next to the vineyard. The maturation evolution was observed from the beginning of the maturation to the harvest. Each week, 30 berries of each cvs. were collected, with four replicates, for the extraction of the wort and determination of total soluble solids (TSS) content in °Brix, and total titratable acidity (TTA) in meq.L-1. The productivity was determined by collected of all the clusters of five plants per blocks and calculating the mean per plant (kg.plant-1) and per hectare (kg. ha-1). The average duration of the cycle was 143, 146 and 147 days; the thermal demand of 1.228,5, 1.260,9 and 1.269,2 degree-days and the productivity of 3.040,0, 7.808,0 and 1.892,6 kg.ha-1, for cvs. ‘Felicia’, ‘Calardis Blanc’ and ‘Regent’, respectively. All cvs. showed early budding, starting on september 12th and 15th, and the harvest, on february 1st, 7th and 8th of 2018, for cvs. ‘Felicia’, ‘Calardis Blanc’ and ‘Regent’ respectively. In the harvest, the TSS values were 19.2, 17.9 and 21,0 °Brix, and for TTA were 110, 107 and 112 meq.L-1, respectively for cvs. ‘Felicia’, ‘CalardisBlanc’ and ‘Regent’. This study proves that the accumulated thermal sum in Curitibanos is sufficient for cvs. to complete their cycle and achieve full maturation. Nevertheless, the relatively early budding of cvs. It is a risk factor, once it can result in losses caused by late frosts. In terms of productivity, ‘Calardis Blanc’ stood out towards the other cvs. For the second year of production, all cvs. presented productive potential. Finally, this research demonstrated that the three cvs. analyzed showed prominent potencial for the viticulture in the climatic conditions of the Central Plateau of Santa Catarina, Brazil for the production of fine wines

Detection, epidemiology and characterization of VP6 and VP7 genes of group D rotavirus in broiler chickens

Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, BrasilMinistério da Agricultura. Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário. Belém, PA, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Rotaviruses infect humans and animals and are classified into eight groups (A to H). Group D rotavirus (RVD) has been described in birds, although relatively few reports are available. The present study focused on RVD, including epidemiological and molecular aspects of samples collected from broiler chickens in the state of Pará, Brazil. A total of 85 faecal samples were collected between 2008 and 2011 from 37 chicken farms located in eight different municipalities. The viral double-stranded RNA was extracted from faecal suspensions and analysed using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), followed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) and nucleotide sequencing of the VP6 and VP7 genes. Comparing the positive results, 16.5 per cent (14/85) were obtained by PAGE and 35.3 per cent (30/85) by RT-PCR. Samples from seven of eight municipalities were positive for RVD and infections were recorded in 17 (45.9 per cent) of 37 chicken farms. The RVD infection rate was significantly higher in the 16-day to 30-day age group (62.2 per cent; 23/37) compared with other ages. No consistent relationship was found between the infection rate and either the population density in poultry houses or the climatic conditions. The nucleotide sequences of the VP6 gene were 89.9 to 90.9 per cent similar to the prototype strain 05V0049 and were 88.3 to 100 per cent similar among themselves; VP7 gene nucleotide sequences were 84.3 to 85.4 per cent similar to the prototype strain 05V0049 and 93.8 to 100 per cent similar among themselves. Overall, this study provides new insights into the epidemiology and genome characterization of group D rotaviruse