16 research outputs found
Diving into the vertical dimension of elasmobranch movement ecology
Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns of elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure to anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses the knowledge gap of vertical movements by compiling the first global synthesis of vertical habitat use by elasmobranchs from data obtained by deployment of 989 biotelemetry tags on 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- and interspecific variability in vertical movement patterns. Substantial vertical overlap was observed for many epipelagic elasmobranchs, indicating an increased likelihood to display spatial overlap, biologically interact, and share similar risk to anthropogenic threats that vary on a vertical gradient. We highlight the critical next steps toward incorporating vertical movement into global management and monitoring strategies for elasmobranchs, emphasizing the need to address geographic and taxonomic biases in deployments and to concurrently consider both horizontal and vertical movements
Using accelerometers to determine the calling behavior of tagged baleen whales
The article of record as published may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.103259Low-frequency acoustic signals generated by baleen whales can
propagate over vast distances, making the assignment of calls to
specific individuals problematic. Here, we report the novel use of
acoustic recording tags equipped with high-resolution accelerometers
to detect vibrations from the surface of two tagged fin whales that
directly match the timing of recorded acoustic signals. A tag deployed
on a buoy in the vicinity of calling fin whales and a recording from a
tag that had just fallen off a whale were able to detect calls
acoustically but did not record corresponding accelerometer signals
that were measured on calling individuals. Across the hundreds of
calls measured on two tagged fin whales, the accelerometer
response was generally anisotropic across all three axes, appeared
to depend on tag placement and increased with the level of received
sound. These data demonstrate that high-sample rate accelerometry
can provide important insights into the acoustic behavior of baleen
whales that communicate at low frequencies. This method helps
identify vocalizing whales, which in turn enables the quantification of
call rates, a fundamental component of models used to estimate
baleen whale abundance and distribution from passive acoustic
monitoring
The European Language Portfolio and Teacher Education
The article of record as published may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.103259Low-frequency acoustic signals generated by baleen whales can
propagate over vast distances, making the assignment of calls to
specific individuals problematic. Here, we report the novel use of
acoustic recording tags equipped with high-resolution accelerometers
to detect vibrations from the surface of two tagged fin whales that
directly match the timing of recorded acoustic signals. A tag deployed
on a buoy in the vicinity of calling fin whales and a recording from a
tag that had just fallen off a whale were able to detect calls
acoustically but did not record corresponding accelerometer signals
that were measured on calling individuals. Across the hundreds of
calls measured on two tagged fin whales, the accelerometer
response was generally anisotropic across all three axes, appeared
to depend on tag placement and increased with the level of received
sound. These data demonstrate that high-sample rate accelerometry
can provide important insights into the acoustic behavior of baleen
whales that communicate at low frequencies. This method helps
identify vocalizing whales, which in turn enables the quantification of
call rates, a fundamental component of models used to estimate
baleen whale abundance and distribution from passive acoustic
monitoring
Bradykinin and prostaglandin E1 regulate calcitonin gene-related peptide expression in cultured rat sensory neurons
Design and sensitivity of the Radio Neutrino Observatory in Greenland (RNO-G)
This article presents the design of the Radio Neutrino Observatory Greenland (RNO-G) and discusses its scientific prospects. Using an array of radio sensors, RNO-G seeks to measure neutrinos above 10 PeV by exploiting the Askaryan effect in neutrino-induced cascades in ice. We discuss the experimental considerations that drive the design of RNO-G, present first measurements of the hardware that is to be deployed and discuss the projected sensitivity of the instrument. RNO-G will be the first production-scale radio detector for in-ice neutrino signals