Marine harmful algal blooms, human health and wellbeing : challenges and opportunities in the 21st century

Author Posting. © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 2015. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 96 (2016): 61-91, doi:10.1017/S0025315415001733.Microalgal blooms are a natural part of the seasonal cycle of photosynthetic organisms in marine ecosystems. They are key components of the structure and dynamics of the oceans and thus sustain the benefits that humans obtain from these aquatic environments. However, some microalgal blooms can cause harm to humans and other organisms. These harmful algal blooms (HABs) have direct impacts on human health and negative influences on human wellbeing, mainly through their consequences to coastal ecosystem services (valued fisheries, tourism and recreation) and other marine organisms and environments. HABs are natural phenomena, but these events can be favoured by anthropogenic pressures in coastal areas. Global warming and associated changes in the oceans could affect HAB occurrences and toxicity as well, although forecasting the possible trends is still speculative and requires intensive multidisciplinary research. At the beginning of the 21st century, with expanding human populations, particularly in coastal and developing countries, there is an urgent need to prevent and mitigate HABs’ impacts on human health and wellbeing. The available tools to address this global challenge include maintaining intensive, multidisciplinary and collaborative scientific research, and strengthening the coordination with stakeholders, policymakers and the general public. Here we provide an overview of different aspects to understand the relevance of the HABs phenomena, an important element of the intrinsic links between oceans and human health and wellbeing.The research was funded in part by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) and UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) for the MEDMI Project; the National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Environmental Change and Health at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in partnership with Public Health England (PHE), and in collaboration with the University of Exeter, University College London and the Met Office; and the European Regional Development Fund Programme and European Social Fund Convergence Programme for Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly (University of Exeter Medical School). EB was supported by the CTM2014-53818-R project, from the Spanish Government (MINECO). KDA was in receipt of funding from the BBSRC-NERC research programme for multidisciplinary studies in sustainable aquaculture: health, disease and the environment. P. Hess was supported by Ifremer (RISALTOX) and the Regional Council of the Pays de la Loire (COSELMAR). Porter Hoagland was supported by the US National Science Foundation under NSF/CNH grant no. 1009106.2016-05-2

Puyricard, de Gênes au pays aixois

Sournia Bernard. Puyricard, de Gênes au pays aixois. In: Bulletin Monumental, tome 176, n°3, année 2018. pp. 261-262

Intervention française au château d’Hauteville (Suisse)

Sournia Bernard. Intervention française au château d’Hauteville (Suisse). In: Bulletin Monumental, tome 176, n°1, année 2018. pp. 69-70

Le châtelet inachevé de Philippe le Bel

National audienc

Trois plafonds montpelliérains du Moyen Âge

National audienc

Montpellier : chronique de la cathédrale inachevée

National audienc

Le plafond de l'hostal des Carcassonne à Montpellier

Catalogue d'exposition : Forêts alpines et charpentes de Méditerranée / sous la direction de Philippe Bernardi. Gap, Editions de Fourne

La grand-chambre de l'hostal des Carcassonne à Montpellier

The great hall of the hostal of the Carcassonne family at Montpellier. An exceptional recent discovery has provided an unexpected and fascinating addition to our knowledge of the great medieval patrician residences in Montpellier. It concerns wall paintings and a decorated ceiling with various heraldic and iconographic motifs that can be attributed to the Carcassonne family, an important bourgeois house that prospered in Montpellier during the century and a half when that city was part of the kingdom of Aragon and then Majorca. The oft repeated heraldic charge that allows this attribution is a «talking-heraldry» bell with handle, covered with fleurs de lys. A frieze picturing the story of Saint Eustache, patron saint of drapers, alludes to the professional activity of the masters of the house : the fashioning of scarlet cloth, a great speciality which Montpellier exported at that time as far as the Near East, and which was the basis of its fortune. A dendrochronological analysis has situated the construction of the residence around 1370. This discovery confirms the important role of the great capitalises in Montpellier in the transformation of the residential dwellings in the central quarters of the city. It also helps us to understand how international exchange led to bonds between the patrician architecture of that city and other mercantile centres in the western Mediterranean.Une découverte exceptionnelle vient apporter un complément inattendu et passionnant à la connaissance d'une des grandes demeures patriciennes du Moyen Age montpelliérain. Il s'agit d'un décor peint, sur murs et plafond, que divers motifs héraldiques et iconographiques permettent d'attribuer à la famille des Carcassonne, importante lignée bourgeoise florissante à Montpellier au cours du siècle et demi où cette ville fait partie intégrante du royaume d'Aragon puis de Majorque. Le meuble héraldique indéfiniment répété permettant cette attribution est une arme parlante, une cloche à l'anse fleuderlisée. Une frise raconte l'histoire de saint Eustache, patron des drapiers, fait de son côté allusion à l'activité professionnelle des maîtres de maison : le drap écarlate, la grande spécialité que Montpellier exporte à cette époque jusqu'au Proche-Orient et qui asseoit sa fortune. L'analyse dendrochronologique permet de situer la construction de la demeure autour de 1370. Cette découverte confirme le rôle prépondérant de grands capitalistes montpelliérains dans la mutation que connaît l'habitat des quartiers centraux et permet de mieux comprendre les liens noués à la faveur des échanges internationaux entre l'architecture patricienne de cette ville et celle des autres métropoles marchandes de la Méditerranée occidentale.Sournia Bernard, Vayssettes Jean-Louis. La grand-chambre de l'hostal des Carcassonne à Montpellier. In: Bulletin Monumental, tome 160, n°1, année 2002. Les Demeures urbaines patriciennes et aristocratiques (XIIe-XIVe siècles) pp. 121-131

Une maison patricienne de Montpellier et son décor peint à la fin du règne de Jaume le Conquérant

: Jaume le Conquérant, roi d'Aragon et Montpellier sa ville natale. Catalogue de l'exposition. Montpellier : Société archéologique de Montpellie