623 research outputs found
XAFS analyses of molten metal fluorides
X-ray absorption fine structure studies of molten metal fluorides containing the materials related to nuclear engineering are intensively summarized. By using XAFS spectra data of divalent and trivalent cation metal fluorides in molten state which have been collected by authors’ group for a few years, local structure have been extracted and discussed systematically in conjunction with other spectroscopic studies and numerical calculations. In molten divalent fluorides, tetrahedral coordination of fluorides around a cation is predominant. In the case of pure molten trivalent fluorides, structure with more than 6-coordination has been suggested in some cases, but octahedral coordination structure is much stabilized at heavier rare earth metal fluorides. By mixing with alkali metal fluorides, it is a general trend that inter-ionic distances keep constant, but coordination number of fluorides decreases. In experimental chapter, all the details of sample preparation, furnace installation, X-ray optics setups and data analyses procedures are explained. Finally, future expectations of XAFS technique are also suggested
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Solution-based self-aligned hybrid organic/metal-oxide complementary logic with megahertz operation
We have developed a novel solution-based integration scheme featuring organic and metal-oxide semiconductors with a polymeric gate dielectric. The integration relies on a facile subtractive patterning technique for the semiconductors, which, through the selection of an appropriate etch stopper, leads to ideal transistor performance. We utilized this novel integration scheme to fabricate self-aligned transistors and logic circuits with a high-mobility p-type conjugated polymer and an n-type amorphous oxide semiconductor, along with a composite polymeric gate dielectric, all solution-deposited by spin coating. The resulting complementary logic gates are capable of rail-to-rail transitions, low-voltage operation down to a 3.5 V power supply, and ample noise margins. Thanks to the self-aligned-gate approach and the state-of-the-art balanced mobilities of the selected semiconductors, our logic gates achieve megahertz operation, thus demonstrating the strength of our hybrid integration scheme.We gratefully acknowledge Mike Hurhangee and Iain
McCulloch of Imperial College for supplying the IDT-BT conjugated
polymer. We also acknowledge financial support from the
European Commission through the POINTS project (FP7-NMP-
2010-Small-4).This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available via Elsevier at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1566119915000956
Electrical determination of the valence-band discontinuity in HgTe-CdTe heterojunctions
Current-voltage behavior is studied experimentally in a Hg0.78Cd0.22Te-CdTe-Hg0.78Cd0.22Te heterostructure grown by molecular beam epitaxy. At temperatures above 160 K, energy-band diagrams suggest that the dominant low-bias current is thermionic hole emission across the CdTe barrier layer. This interpretation yields a direct determination of 390±75 meV for the HgTe-CdTe valence-band discontinuity at 300 K. Similar analyses of current-voltage data taken at 190–300 K suggest that the valence-band offset decreases at low temperatures in this heterojunction
Adaptive V2V routing with RSUs and gateway support to enhance network performance in VANET
In a VANET communication, link stability can neither be guaranteed nor make
the established route link permanent due to the dynamic nature of the network. In V2V communication
without the involvement of any infrastructural units like RSU access points or gateway,
the probability of successful link establishment decreases when vehicle’s speed varies, red traffic
light increases, cross-road increases and finally when the density of the running vehicles is sparse.
To ensure route establishment and control route request broadcast in a sparse VANET with crossroad
layout, RSUs are used in this paper for route discovery within one gateway zone when a
next hop vehicle to relay the route request packet is unavailable. RSUs are static but the vehicles
are dynamic in nature, so relying completely on RSU for forwarding data is not recommended
because chances of link failure, link re-establishment, and handoff overhead will be high. So, in
this paper, RSUs and Gateways are evoked for route discovery and data forwarding only when
necessary. Moreover, a local route repair is attempted in this paper when the path length is high
to reduce or avoid loss of buffered packets along the route and to maintain a more stable link
with the help of RSUs
Recognition of prior learning as a technique for fabricating the adult learner: a genealogical analysis on Swedish adult education policy
Impurity effect on weak anti-localization in the topological insulator Bi2Te3
We study weak anti-localization (WAL) effect in topological insulator Bi2Te3
thin films at low temperatures. Two-dimensional WAL effect associated with
surface carriers is revealed in the tilted magnetic field dependence of
magneto-conductance. Our data demonstrates that the observed WAL is robust
against deposition of non-magnetic Au impurities on the surface of the thin
films. But it is quenched by deposition of magnetic Fe impurities which destroy
the pi Berry's phase of the topological surface states. The magneto-conductance
data of a 5 nm Bi2Te3 film suggests that a crossover from symplectic to unitary
classes is observed with the deposition of Fe impurities.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Corresponding author email address:
[email protected]
Model-based optimization of antibody galactosylation in CHO cell culture
Exerting control over the glycan moieties of antibody therapeutics is highly desirable from a product safety and batch-to-batch consistency perspective. Strategies to improve antibody productivity may compromise quality, while interventions for improving glycoform distribution can adversely affect cell growth and productivity. Process design therefore needs to consider the trade-off between preserving cellular health and productivity while enhancing antibody quality. In this work, we present a modeling platform that quantifies the impact of glycosylation precursor feeding - specifically that of galactose and uridine - on cellular growth, metabolism as well as antibody productivity and glycoform distribution. The platform has been parameterized using an initial training data set yielding an accuracy of ±5% with respect to glycoform distribution. It was then used to design an optimized feeding strategy that enhances the final concentration of galactosylated antibody in the supernatant by over 90% compared with the control without compromising the integral of viable cell density or final antibody titer. This work supports the implementation of Quality by Design towards higher-performing bioprocesses
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