10 research outputs found
Using Genetic Algorithms for Texts Classification Problems
The avalanche quantity of the information developed by mankind has led to
concept of automation of knowledge extraction - Data Mining ([1]). This
direction is connected with a wide spectrum of problems - from recognition of
the fuzzy set to creation of search machines. Important component of Data
Mining is processing of the text information. Such problems lean on concept of
classification and clustering ([2]). Classification consists in definition of
an accessory of some element (text) to one of in advance created classes.
Clustering means splitting a set of elements (texts) on clusters which quantity
are defined by localization of elements of the given set in vicinities of these
some natural centers of these clusters. Realization of a problem of
classification initially should lean on the given postulates, basic of which -
the aprioristic information on primary set of texts and a measure of affinity
of elements and classes.Comment: 16 pages, exposed on 5th International Conference "Actualities and
Perspectives on Hardware and Software" - APHS2009, Timisoara, Romani
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Ρ Π²Π°Π»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅
The article presents the results of a study of the process of material grinding in roller aggregates with various kinematic features. As the object of research, the design of a vibroroller unit is selected, which has great prospects for use in production. A characteristic feature of this unit is a significant influence on the grinding process of inertia forces. As the main method of research in relation to the movement of the working bodies of the roller and vibroroller shredder and the crushed material, a method of modeling is adopted. It is presented an approximate analysis of the interaction of the crushed material in roll units with rolls. The crushed material is modeled by a set of horizontal elementary layers. At the first stage, the material is crushed in rolls with constant kinematic parameters. Analytical dependencies of the roll pressure on the material are established. At the second stage, the grinding of materials in a vibroroller shredder is considered. A distinctive feature of the vibroroller shredder is the presence of an eccentrically installed roll. The variant is presented when the eccentric performs a curvilinear translational motion, and the roll performs harmonic fluctuation (vibrations) along the coordinate axes with an amplitude of e. The resulting inertia forces and oscillatory motions of the roll are considered. The analysis of the total force in the unit under consideration, which makes it possible to implement crushing-shear and vibration effects on the crushed material, is carried out. The force interaction of the roll with the material is described by two systems of forces: the elastic forces resulting from the contraction of the model layers according to Hookeβs law, and the forces caused by the vibration of the roll (inertia forces). The results obtained are of practical importance in the design of roller units and vibration equipment, as well as for the analysis of the operation of such designs of grinders.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π² Π²Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠ°Ρ
Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠ°, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅. Π₯Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ» ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π²Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π² Π²Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠ°Ρ
Ρ Π²Π°Π»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅Π². ΠΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π² Π²Π°Π»ΠΊΠ°Ρ
Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π». ΠΠ° Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π² Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π°Π»ΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΡΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΠΊ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π° Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π±Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ) Π²Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ Π°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ Π΅. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π±Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π°Π»ΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅-ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π». Π‘ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π°Π»ΠΊΠ° Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»: ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅Π² ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π²Π°Π»ΠΊΠ° (ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ). ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ
Alpha-particle-induced complex chromosome exchanges transmitted through extra-thymic lymphopoiesis in vitro show evidence of emerging genomic instability
Human exposure to high-linear energy transfer Ξ±-particles includes environmental (e.g. radon gas and its decay progeny), medical (e.g. radiopharmaceuticals) and occupational (nuclear industry) sources. The associated health risks of Ξ±-particle exposure for lung cancer are well documented however the risk estimates for leukaemia remain uncertain. To further our understanding of Ξ±-particle effects in target cells for leukaemogenesis and also to seek general markers of individual exposure to Ξ±-particles, this study assessed the transmission of chromosomal damage initially-induced in human haemopoietic stem and progenitor cells after exposure to high-LET Ξ±-particles. Cells surviving exposure were differentiated into mature T-cells by extra-thymic T-cell differentiation in vitro. Multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridisation (M-FISH) analysis of naΓ―ve T-cell populations showed the occurrence of stable (clonal) complex chromosome aberrations consistent with those that are characteristically induced in spherical cells by the traversal of a single Ξ±-particle track. Additionally, complex chromosome exchanges were observed in the progeny of irradiated mature T-cell populations. In addition to this, newly arising de novo chromosome aberrations were detected in cells which possessed clonal markers of Ξ±-particle exposure and also in cells which did not show any evidence of previous exposure, suggesting ongoing genomic instability in these populations. Our findings support the usefulness and reliability of employing complex chromosome exchanges as indicators of past or ongoing exposure to high-LET radiation and demonstrate the potential applicability to evaluate health risks associated with Ξ±-particle exposure.This work was supported by the Department of Health, UK. Contract RRX95 (RMA NSDTG)
The global adaptation mapping initiative (GAMI): Part 2 β Screening protocol
Context: It is now widely accepted that the climate is changing, and that societal response will need to be rapid and comprehensive to prevent the most severe impacts. A key milestone in global climate governance is to assess progress on adaptation. To-date, however, there has been negligible robust, systematic synthesis of progress on adaptation or adaptation-relevant responses globally. Aim: The purpose of this review protocol is to outline the methods used by the Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative (GAMI) to systematically review human adaptation responses to climate-related changes that have been documented globally since 2013 in the scientific literature. The broad question underpinning this review is: Are we adapting to climate change? More specifically, we ask βwhat is the evidence relating to human adaptation-related responses that can (or are) directly reducing risk, exposure, and/or vulnerability to climate change?β Methods: We review scientific literature 2013-2019 to identify documents empirically reporting on observed adaptation-related responses to climate change in human systems that can directly reduce risk. We exclude non-empirical (theoretical & conceptual) literature and adaptation in natural systems that occurs without human intervention. Included documents were coded across a set of questions focused on: Who is responding? What responses are documented? What is the extent of the adaptation-related response? What is the evidence that adaptation-related responses reduce risk, exposure and/or vulnerability? Once articles are coded, we conduct a quality appraisal of the coding and develop βevidence packagesβ for regions and sectors. We supplement this systematic mapping with an expert elicitation exercise, undertaken to assess bias and validity of insights from included/coded literature vis a vis perceptions of real-world adaptation for global regions and sectors, with associated confidence assessments. Related protocols: This protocol represents Part 2 of a 5-part series outlining the phases of methods for this initiative. Part 2 outlines the methods used to conduct keyword searches and implement machine-assisted screening of documents based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. See Figures 1 and 2
Heterometallic Coordination Polymers Assembled from Trigonal Trinuclear Fe<sub>2</sub>Ni-Pivalate Blocks and Polypyridine Spacers: Topological Diversity, Sorption, and Catalytic Properties
Linkage of the trigonal complex [Fe<sub>2</sub>NiOΒ(Piv)<sub>6</sub>] (where Piv<sup>β</sup> = pivalate)
by a series of polypyridine ligands, namely, trisΒ(4-pyridyl)Βtriazine
(L<sup>2</sup>), 2,6-bisΒ(3-pyridyl)-4-(4-pyridyl)Βpyridine (L<sup>3</sup>), <i>N</i>-(bis-2,2-(4-pyridyloxymethyl)-3-(4-pyridyloxy)Βpropyl))Βpyridone-4
(L<sup>4</sup>), and 4-(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylamino)Βphenyl-bis-2,6-(4-pyridyl)Βpyridine
(L<sup>5</sup>) resulted in the formation of novel coordination polymers
[Fe<sub>2</sub>NiOΒ(Piv)<sub>6</sub>(L<sup>2</sup>)]<sub><i>n</i></sub> (<b>2</b>), [Fe<sub>2</sub>NiOΒ(Piv)<sub>6</sub>(L<sup>3</sup>)]<sub><i>n</i></sub> (<b>3</b>), [Fe<sub>2</sub>NiOΒ(Piv)<sub>6</sub>(L<sup>4</sup>)]<sub><i>n</i></sub>Β·<i>n</i>HPiv (<b>4</b>), and [{Fe<sub>2</sub>NiOΒ(Piv)<sub>6</sub>}<sub>4</sub>{L<sup>5</sup>}<sub>6</sub>]<i><sub>n</sub></i>Β·3<i>n</i>DEF (<b>5</b>, where DEF is <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylformamide),
which were crystallographically characterized. The topological analysis
of <b>3</b>, <b>4</b>, and <b>5</b> disclosed the
3,3,4,4-connected 2D (<b>3</b>, <b>4</b>) or 3,4,4-connected
1D (<b>5</b>) underlying networks which, upon further simplification,
gave rise to the uninodal 3-connected nets with the respective fes
(<b>3</b>, <b>4</b>) or SP 1-periodic net (4,4)Β(0,2) (<b>5</b>) topologies, driven by the cluster [Fe<sub>2</sub>NiΒ(ΞΌ<sub>3</sub>-O)Β(ΞΌ-Piv)<sub>6</sub>] nodes and the polypyridine ΞΌ<sub>3</sub>-L<sup>3,4</sup> or ΞΌ<sub>2</sub>-L<sup>5</sup> blocks.
The obtained topologies were compared with those identified in other
closely related derivatives [Fe<sub>2</sub>NiOΒ(Piv)<sub>6</sub>(L<sup>1</sup>)]<sub><i>n</i></sub> (<b>1</b>) and {Fe<sub>2</sub>NiOΒ(Piv)<sub>6</sub>}<sub>8</sub>{L<sup>6</sup>}<sub>12</sub> (<b>6</b>), where L<sup>1</sup> and L<sup>6</sup> are trisΒ(4-pyridyl)Βpyridine
and 4-(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylamino)Βphenyl-bis-2,6-(4-pyridyl)Βpyridine,
respectively. It was shown that a key structure-driven role in defining
the dimensionality and topology of the resulting coordination network
is played by the type of polypyridine spacer. Compounds <b>2</b> and <b>3</b> possess a porous structure, as confirmed by the
N<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub> sorption data at 78 K. Methanol and
ethanol sorption by <b>2</b> was also studied indicating that
the pores filled by these substrates did not induce any structural
rearrangement of this sorbent. Additionally, porous coordination polymer <b>2</b> was also applied as a heterogeneous catalyst for the condensation
of salicylaldehyde or 9-anthracenecarbaldehyde with malononitrile.
The best activity of <b>2</b> was observed in the case of salicylaldehyde
substrate, resulting in up to 88% conversion into 2-imino-2<i>H</i>-chromen-3-carbonitrile
Working with Asian American Families Whose Children Have Augmentative and Alternative Communication Needs
How Professional Socialization and Organizational Characteristics Shape Culturally Competent Care
Parent Report of Communication Skills of Jamaican Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study
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A systematic global stocktake of evidence on human adaptation to climate change
Assessing global progress on human adaptation to climate change is an urgent priority. Although the literature on adaptation to climate change is rapidly expanding, little is known about the actual extent of implementation. We systematically screened >48,000 articles using machine learning methods and a global network of 126 researchers. Our synthesis of the resulting 1,682 articles presents a systematic and comprehensive global stocktake of implemented human adaptation to climate change. Documented adaptations were largely fragmented, local and incremental, with limited evidence of transformational adaptation and negligible evidence of risk reduction outcomes. We identify eight priorities for global adaptation research: assess the effectiveness of adaptation responses, enhance the understanding of limits to adaptation, enable individuals and civil society to adapt, include missing places, scholars and scholarship, understand private sector responses, improve methods for synthesizing different forms of evidence, assess the adaptation at different temperature thresholds, and improve the inclusion of timescale and the dynamics of responses