The content of competence-based education: competence translation problem

The article treats the issue of the content structure of competence-based teaching. Proof is given of the fact that the problem can be resolved by means of integrating the graduate’s competences into the content of education. The necessity of a new approach to the academic content design in compliance with the federal state educational standard of higher professional education is substantiated. The competence-subject correspondence matrix and its application is criticized as inefficient in acquiring competences specified by the standard. As an alternative the author suggests to proceed from the principles of competence-based approach and result-oriented conception of education rather than traditionally structured subject-based teaching process in designing educational programs. A conception is put forward stipulating the priority of educational results design before the development of the structural units of the academic process so that the expected results could be integrated into the subject teaching content.Обсуждается проблема структуры содержания компетентностно-ориентированного обучения. Доказывается, что ключевым ее моментом является способ трансляции компетенций выпускника образовательной программы в содержание обучения. Обосновывается необходимость реализации нового подхода к проектированию содержания учебного процесса в соответствии с ФГОС ВПО. Критикуется применение матрицы соответствия компетенций и дисциплин как не эффективный способ освоения заданных стандартом компетенций. В качестве альтернативы при разработке образовательных программ предлагается не исходить из традиционной дисциплинарной структуры процесса обучения, а основываться на принципах компетентностного подхода и концепции результатов обучения. Предлагается концепция, согласно которой сначала проектируется структура результатов обучения, которая потом разворачивается в содержание структурных единиц процесса обучения

Physiological action of UVB radiation on wheat seeds and sprouts (Triticum aestivum L.)

This work continues the cycle of our research on the physiological effect of UVB radiation on plants. Two research cycles were conducte

Conservative algorithm of substance transport over a closed graph of cardiovascular system

Abstract -Mathematical models and numerical algorithms of substance transport over a closed graph of a cardiovascular system must satisfy the property of conservativity. A conservative model and a numerical algorithm for calculation of substance transport through a working heart are proposed in the paper. The efficiency of the algorithm considered here is confirmed by test calculations. A method for simulation of substance transport in tissues surrounding vessels is also proposed. Simulation of transport of substances dissolved in blood (gases, salts, reactants) over a vessel channel is an urgent challenge in physiology and pharmacology. Numerical experiments are often required in the development of new medicines and in studies of oxygen saturability of organs and tissues. An integral part of such experiments is the development of adequate mathematical models and numerical algorithms. Several research papers have been focused on the construction of models of substance transport in a cardiovascular system. In general, those papers considered either local processes (often in many-dimensional formulation), or a transport of substances over a system of vessels (in one-dimensional or quasi-one-dimensional formulations). An example of the former approach is Within the quasi-one-dimensional approach, the authors in Researchers have constructed a model of a cardiovascular system closed through the heart and preserving the total volume of blood. A transport of a substance over a vascular network was also considered and some variants of closure of the model with respect to the transported substance were proposed

Pre-sowing stimulation of wheat with UVB radiation of XeCl-excilamp

The share of UVB spectrum range (290-320 nm) in the solar radiation flux accounts for an average of about 1.5% ofthe radiant flux on the planet. Taking into account the fact that plants adapt to living conditions in the course of evolution, it can be assumed that the flow of UVB radiation is also used by plants, but at the level of subdoses that reach the Earth's surface. The aim of current work is to study the growth and development of spring wheat ("Irgina" cultivar) when treated with subdoses of UVB radiation. For processing, XeCl-excilamp (High Current Electronic Institute SB RAS) radiation was used. The spectrum of this lamp is a narrow band with a maximum at a wavelength of 308 nm, which corresponds well to the UVB range. In the course of study, the pre-sowing UVB radiation dose values for seeds were found, under the influence of which wheat sprouts had an increase in such indicators as the length and dry weight of the root, the length of the leaf and the ratio of the root/shoot masses. It was shown, that as plants developed, the nitrogen balance index was always higher in the experiment with radiation in plants whose seeds were subjected to pre-sowing treatment with UVB radiation. This indicates the activation of growth and development processes in plants, as well as the accelerated absorption and assimilation of nitrogen compounds. Under the action of dose 0.5 J/cm2 the weighting parameters grain productivity such as weight of grains per ear, spike weight, weight of 1000 pcs seeds and the grain yield exceeded the check by 10.2 %. The UVB processing did not affect the quality of the wheat grain. Based on the obtained data, it is concluded that the use of XeCl-excilamp UVB radiation for pre-sowing stimulation of wheat is promising

Перспективы поисков неантиклинальных ловушек углеводородов в терригенных отложениях девона на территории северных районов Волго-Урала

The northern regions of the Volga-Ural oil and gas province have not yet exhausted the potential in gaining in oil and gas reserves due to structural deposits. However, there is a need to search for non-anticline traps. Devonian terrigenous deposits are very promising for the detection of non-anticline hydrocarbon traps here. The typification of non-anticlinal traps was carried out. According to the typification, carried out on the basis of geological and geophysical criteria, six zones of distribution of non-anticlinal traps that are promising for the detection of industrial accumulations of hydrocarbons are identified.Северные районы Волго-Уральской нефтегазоносной провинции еще не исчерпали возможностей получения прироста запасов нефти и газа за счет структурных залежей, тем не менее назрела необходимость поисков неантиклинальных ловушек. Весьма перспективными на обнаружение здесь ловушек углеводородов неантиклинального типа являются девонские терригенные отложения. Проведена типизация неантиклинальных ловушек, развитых в пределах нефтеперспективных земель изучаемой территории. В соответствии с проведенной типизацией на основе геолого-геофизических критериев выделены шесть зон распространения неантиклинальных ловушек, перспективных на обнаружение промышленных скоплений углеводородов

On the Puzzle of Odd-Frequency Superconductivity

Since the first theoretical proposal by Berezinskii, an odd-frequency superconductivity has encountered the fundamental problems on its thermodynamic stability and rigidity of a homogenous state accompanied by unphysical Meissner effect. Recently, Solenov {\it et al}. [Phys. Rev. B {\bf 79} (2009) 132502.] have asserted that the path-integral formulation gets rid of the difficulties leading to a stable homogenous phase with an ordinary Meissner effect. Here, we show that it is crucial to choose the appropriate saddle-point solution that minimizes the effective free energy, which was assumed {\it implicitly} in the work by Solenov and co-workers. We exhibit the path-integral framework for the odd-frequency superconductivity with general type of pairings, including an argument on the retarded functions via the analytic continuation to the real axis.Comment: 6 pages, in JPSJ forma

The Obtaining of Long-Length Profiles from Aluminum Alloys with Application of New Technology

Представлены результаты исследования механических свойств длинномерных профилей прямоугольного сечения из алюминиевого деформируемого сплава Д1 (1110), полученных при реализации новой технологии, совмещающей непрерывное литье металла с одновременной его деформацией в твердожидком состоянии. Проведенные исследования показали, что данная технология позволяет за короткий производственный цикл получать плоские заготовки прямоугольного сечения со скоростью 2 м/мин. Переработка сплава Д1 (1110) позволяет повысить предел прочности при разрыве на 24,5%, предел текучести – на 43,5%, относительное удлинение – в 2,5 раза, твердость по Бринеллю – на 29% по сравнению со сплавом в состоянии поставки без термической обработки. Показана перспективность данной технологии.The results of the researching of the mechanical properties of longitudinally rectangular sections of an aluminum deformable alloy D1 (1110) are presented, which are obtained by implementing a new technology that combines continuous metal casting with simultaneous deformation in a solid-liquid state. The conducted researches showed that this technology makes it possible to produce flat blanks of rectangular cross section at a speed of 2 m/min in a short production cycle. The processing of alloy D1 (1110) allows to increase the breaking strength by 24.5%, the yield strength by 43.5%, the elongation by 2.5 times, the Brinell hardness by 29% compared to the alloy in the state of delivery without heat treatment. The prospects of this technology were shown

Apokamps produced by repetitive discharges in air

New experimental and computational data on apokamps produced by repetitive discharges in air, including a detailed description of the research techniques used, are presented. It has been shown that plasma bullets–streamers in apokamps at low frequencies could start not only from the bright offshoot but also directly from the discharge channel. The experimental and computational data demonstrate that the visual color of apokamp changes from blue to red as the intensity ratio of the second to the first positive nitrogen system decreases with the decreasing pressure