Hayek, Hicks e a ascensão do walrasianismo Hayek, Hicks and the rise of walrasianism

O artigo discute a origem e a evolução dos conceitos de equilíbrio e tempo que Hicks utilizou para interpretar a Teoria Geral de Keynes. O trabalho está organizado em duas partes. Na primeira, analisaram-se os trabalhos de Hayek. Examinaram-se sua concepção de equilíbrio intertemporal e projeto de desenvolver uma teoria dos ciclos. Por último, discutiram-se a implementação desse projeto e seus problemas. Na segunda parte, foi examinado como Hicks, ao refletir sobre os problemas da teoria de Hayek, desenvolveu seus próprios conceitos de equilíbrio e tempo.<br>In this article, the origins and evolution of the equilibrium and time concepts that Hicks later used to interpret Keynes' theory are discussed. The paper is organized into two parts. In the first, the work of Hayek is analyzed, examining his conception of intertemporal equilibrium, his project to develop a theory of cycles, and lastly, the implementation of this project in Prices and Production and the related problems. In the second part we examine how Hicks, reflecting on the problems raised by Hayek´s theory, developed his own concepts of equilibrium and time

Odd-even effect on the formation of aqueous biphasic systems formed by 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquids and salts

This work provides a comprehensive evaluation of the effect of the cation alkyl side chain length of the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride series ([CnC1im]Cl, n = 2-14) of ionic liquids (ILs) on their capability to form aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) with salts and self-aggregation derived properties. The liquid-liquid phase behavior of ternary systems composed of [CnC1im]Cl, water, and K3PO4 or K2CO3 and the respective Setschenow salting-out coefficients (ks), a quantitative measure of the two-phase formation ability, were determined. An odd-even effect in the ks values along the number of methylene groups of the longest IL cation alkyl side chain was identified for the ABS formed by K2CO3, a weaker salting-out agent where the phenomenon is clearly identified. In general, cations with even alkyl side chains, being likely to display higher molar volumes, are more easily salted-out and thus more prone to undergo phase separation. The odd-even effect in the ks values is, however, more significant in ILs up to n = 6, where the nanostructuration/nanosegregation of ILs plays a less relevant role. Still, with the [CnC1im]Cl (n = 7-14) series of ILs, an odd-even effect was also identified in the ILs’ ionization degree, molar conductivity, and conductivity at infinite dilution. In summary, it is shown here that the ILs’ odd-even effect occurs in IL aqueous solutions and not just in neat ILs, an already well-established phenomenon occurring in a series of ILs’ properties described as a result of the orientation of the terminal methyl groups to the imidazolium ring cation and consequent effect in the ILs’ cohesive energy.publishe

Mercadores de moralidade : a retórica ambientalista e a prática do desenvolvimento sustentável

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo analisar de forma crítica as sociedades modernas que estão cada vez mais aderindo ao “ecologicamente correto”. Qual será o motivo pelo qual indivíduos que dizem possuir consciência ambiental não contribuem para a sustentabilidade planetária

A psicologia econômica como resposta ao individualismo metodológico

This paper aims at presenting and discussing some of behavioral models developed by Economic Psychology which is considered an irrelevant field of research for many economists yet. On highlighting the multidisciplinary convergence notably from economists' interests by psychology, it is done emphasis to the discussion of the role played by methodological individualism in the psychological reduction of the homo economicus. Such a reduction has, on the one hand, made harder the conciliation between the individual and the collective level of analysis. On the other hand, it made closer economists and psychologists in the common interest of developing methods capable of understanding the economic behavior under a perspective which allows the integration of the complexity of collective dimension in which the individual makes part