Accountability one step removed

In a repeated real effort team production experiment workers receive a distorted signal about their co-players’ previous efforts. We vary the degree to which production can be directly traced back to a participant’s real or randomly drawn effort level. We find that individuals produce much less and the decline of contributions over time is significantly steeper under high as compared to low accountability. In an additional endogenous accountability condition observe the highest effort level

Information defaults in repeated public good provision

We present an experiment that models a repeated public good provision setting where the policy maker or manager does not have perfect control over information flows. Rather, information seeking can be affected by changing the information default as well as the price of information. The default is one either with or without information about others’ contributions, and having information comes with a positive, zero or negative financial incentive. When information comes without a financial incentive or even is financially beneficial, almost all subjects choose to have the information, but around a third have the information even when this is costly. Moreover, a default of not having information about the others’ contributions leads to a slower unravelling of cooperation, independent of the financial incentives of having information. This slower unravelling is explained by the beliefs about others’ contributions in these treatments. A secondary informational default effect appears to take place. When the default is no information, subjects do not seek information more often but, conditional on financial incentives, they tend to believe that more other subjects seek information

2005-2006 Young Musicians Competition - Winds, Brass, and Percussion

Sponsored by Jim and Bette Cumpton Competition Coordinator Marc Reese, Lynn University Conservatory of Music Jury Christina Burr, Artist Faculty David Cole, Artist Faculty Michael Ellerthttps://spiral.lynn.edu/conservatory_other-competitions/1003/thumbnail.jp

3p photoabsorption of free and bound Cr, Cr⁺, Mn, and Mn⁺

A dual-laser-plasma technique has been used to measure photoabsorption by atomic Cr and Mn and their ions at photon energies between 40 and 70 eV, where the dominant absorption mechanism is excitation of the 3p subshell. No dramatic differences are observed between the absorption spectra of Mn and Mn+, and these spectra are similar to those of Mn metal and MnCl2. The spectra of Cr and Cr+ are strikingly dissimilar, the mean excitation energy being about 5 eV greater in the ion. We attribute this to strong mixing of the localized 3d6 configuration with 3d5nd Rydberg configurations, an effect that is also responsible for the anomalous appearance of the Cr spectrum with respect to those of the other iron-period elements. The absorption spectra of Cr metal and CrCl2 take forms intermediate between those of Cr and Cr+. We give spectroscopic assignments to most of the sharp absorption features of Cr+ and determine the 3p ionization thresholds from quantum-defect analysis

Helium–Hydrogen Liquid–Vapor Equilibrium to 100 atm

Liquid–vapor phase compositions are given for 11 isotherms of the system normal‐hydrogen–helium over the range 15.5° to 29.8°K at pressures to 1500 lb/in.2 In this range, the mixture critical curve is located, the freezing points are shown, and the locus is determined for the barotropic phenomenon (gravitational phase inversion). Two isotherms are duplicated with the substitution of parahydrogen.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/70940/2/JCPSA6-49-5-2410-1.pd

Liquid—Vapor Equilibrium in the System Normal Hydrogen—Helium

Liquid—vapor equilibrium phase compositions for the binary system normal hydrogen—helium have been determined for 11 isotherms in the range 15.50°—32.50°K and at pressures up to 500 psia. The vapor recirculation method of obtaining equilibrium was used in conjunction with a liquid hydrogen vapor—pressure controlled cryostat. Analyses were made on a mass spectrograph. The results are presented in both tabular and graphical form, and the general behavior of the system discussed. An agreement with some previous investigations is demonstrated, and conflicts in existing data are resolved. Some problems of theoretical correlation of the data are discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71182/2/JCPSA6-40-5-1390-1.pd

Liquid—Vapor Equilibrium in the System Equilibrium Hydrogen—Helium

Liquid—vapor equilibrium‐phase compositions for the binary system 20.40° equilibrium hydrogen—helium have been determined for six isotherms in the range 20.40°—31.50°K and at pressures up to 500 psia. The vapor recirculation method of obtaining equilibrium was used in conjunction with a liquid‐hydrogen vapor‐pressure‐controlled cryostat. Analyses were made on a mass spectrograph. The results are presented in both tabular and graphical form, and comparisons with those reported previously for the system normal hydrogen—helium have also been made.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71039/2/JCPSA6-41-8-2399-1.pd

Estimation of Sea Ice Thickness Distributions through the Combination of Snow Depth and Satellite Laser Altimetry Data

Combinations of sea ice freeboard and snow depth measurements from satellite data have the potential to provide a means to derive global sea ice thickness values. However, large differences in spatial coverage and resolution between the measurements lead to uncertainties when combining the data. High resolution airborne laser altimeter retrievals of snow-ice freeboard and passive microwave retrievals of snow depth taken in March 2006 provide insight into the spatial variability of these quantities as well as optimal methods for combining high resolution satellite altimeter measurements with low resolution snow depth data. The aircraft measurements show a relationship between freeboard and snow depth for thin ice allowing the development of a method for estimating sea ice thickness from satellite laser altimetry data at their full spatial resolution. This method is used to estimate snow and ice thicknesses for the Arctic basin through the combination of freeboard data from ICESat, snow depth data over first-year ice from AMSR-E, and snow depth over multiyear ice from climatological data. Due to the non-linear dependence of heat flux on ice thickness, the impact on heat flux calculations when maintaining the full resolution of the ICESat data for ice thickness estimates is explored for typical winter conditions. Calculations of the basin-wide mean heat flux and ice growth rate using snow and ice thickness values at the 70 m spatial resolution of ICESat are found to be approximately one-third higher than those calculated from 25 km mean ice thickness values

Airborne Topographic Mapper Calibration Procedures and Accuracy Assessment

Description of NASA Airborn Topographic Mapper (ATM) lidar calibration procedures including analysis of the accuracy and consistancy of various ATM instrument parameters and the resulting influence on topographic elevation measurements. The ATM elevations measurements from a nominal operating altitude 500 to 750 m above the ice surface was found to be: Horizontal Accuracy 74 cm, Horizontal Precision 14 cm, Vertical Accuracy 6.6 cm, Vertical Precision 3 cm

Iceberg topography and volume classification using TanDEM-X interferometry

Icebergs in polar regions affect water salinity, alter marine habitats, and impose serious hazards on maritime operations and navigation. These impacts mainly depend on the iceberg volume, which remains an elusive parameter to measure. We investigate the capability of TanDEM-X bistatic single-pass synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) to derive iceberg subaerial morphology and infer total volume. We cross-verify InSAR results with Operation IceBridge (OIB) data acquired near Wordie Bay, Antarctica, as part of the OIB/TanDEM-X Antarctic Science Campaign (OTASC). While icebergs are typically classified according to size based on length or maximum height, we develop a new volumetric classification approach for applications where iceberg volume is relevant. For icebergs with heights exceeding 5 m, we find iceberg volumes derived from TanDEM-X and OIB data match within 7 %. We also derive a range of possible iceberg keel depths relevant to grounding and potential impacts on subsea installations. These results suggest that TanDEM-X could pave the way for future single-pass interferometric systems for scientific and operational iceberg mapping and classification based on iceberg volume and keel depth