Development Of Higher Education In Albania

Albania is looking to take its place within Europe. To do so, the nation needs to develop more skilled and educated working population. Following the political and economic changes of 1991, the system of higher education in Albania has not necessarily been adequately organised or capable of providing a sufficiently high-quality education. This paper will present some information on higher education (including degree and diploma programmes) in Albania during the transition and in the present day, and give attention to the development of higher education in the country and conclude with some suggestions for improving public universities and education infrastructure and increasing the quality of the experience undergone by both students and academic staff

Latex Aglutination (LAT) Test for detection of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sera of naturally infected pigs in District of Saranda, Albania

The aim of study was to determine the of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sera of naturally infected pigs in District of Saranda, Albania. Was collected 184 samples of pigs sera from  extensive farms at the time of slaughter in slaughterhouses. Collected blood was left to express serum and it was kept in a freezer until the time when samples were processed in the laboratory of Microbiology  of  Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Tirana, Albania. Serum samples were examined by Latex aglutination test (LAT). Out of  184 samples tested, 25 sera had anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies. Average prevalence was about 13.97%.Keywords:  Toxoplasma gondii, pigs, Latex aglutination test, pig sera

Role of hydrazone substituents in determining the nuclearity and antibacterial activity of Zn(II) complexes with pyrazolone-based hydrazones

Hydrazones and their metal derivatives are very important compounds in medicinal chemistry due to their reported variety of biological activities, such as antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer action. Five hydrazone-pyrazolone ligands H2Ln (n = 1–5) were prepared and fully characterized and their tautomerism was investigated in the solid state and solution. Five zinc(II) complexes 1–5 of composition [Zn(HLn )2] (n = 1 and 2), [Zn(HLn )2(H2O)2] (n = 3 and 5) and [Zn(HL4 )2]n were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1 H, 19F, 13C, and 15N NMR spectroscopy, and ESI mass spectrometry. In addition, the structures of two ligands and three complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The ligands H2L2 and H2L4 exist both in the NH,NH tautomeric form. Complexes 1 and 2 are mononuclear compounds, while complex 4 is a one-dimensional coordination compound. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out on proligands, their anions and all zinc complexes, confirming the experimental results, supporting IR and NMR assignments and giving proofs of the mononuclear diaqua structure of complexes 3 and 5. The antibacterial activity of the free ligands and the Zn(II) complexes was established against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and a strong efficiency has been found for Zn(II) complexes, particularly for the polynuclear 4 and the mononuclear diaqua complex 5, the latter containing a ligand with aliphatic and fluorinated substituents able to compromise the permeability of and disrupt the bacterial cell membrane.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España - PGC2018-093443-B-I0