Percepción sobre la prevención de riesgos laborales ante el SARS - COV2 del Centro de Salud Huasahuasi, Tarma 2020

La presente investigación lleva como título “Percepción sobre la prevención de riesgos laborales ante el SARS -COV2 del Centro de Salud Huasahuasi, Tarma 2020. Teniendo como objetivo determinar la percepción sobre la prevención de riesgos laborales ante el SARS - COV2 del personal de salud del centro de salud Huasahuasi, Tarma 2020, es una investigación, cuya metodología tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal y descriptivo correlacional realizado al personal de salud del centro de salud de Huasahuasi. Para determinar la validez de los instrumentos se usó el juicio de expertos y la confiabilidad por el Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach fue 0.815. Los resultados demuestran que predominio en la percepción sobre la prevención de los riesgos laborales en los profesionales de la salud de nivel alto en sus cuatro dimensiones en cuanto a la conclusión la precepción sobre la prevención de riesgos laborales es alta encontrándose que los profesionales de enfermería se encuentran totalmente de acuerdo con el 43,7% seguidos de los profesionales médicos, encontrando una relación entre el acceso de equipos de protección personales y las profesione

PANORAMA DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NA BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE METHODS APPLIED TO ACCOUNTIN

A pesquisa objetiva a análise da utilização da estatística na produção científica veiculada no periódico “CONTABILOMETRIA – BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE METHODS APPLIED TO ACCOUNTING”, no período de 2015 a 2017, sob a perspectiva da bibliometria. Na sequência, apresentam-se os aspectos metodológicos do estudo, classificado como descritivo, bibliométrico e documental com abordagem quantitativa. Na população, constam 11estudo empíricos que foram publicados no período de 2015 a 2017, sendo que estes estudos foram submetidos a uma análise de conteúdo a partir de uma ficha padronizada para coleta das informações relevantes para a elaboração da pesquisa. Os resultados revelam que os artigos científicos analisados utilizam como procedimento técnico a revisão bibliográfica, em sua maioria e não utilizaram a estatística descritiva, tendo preferido outras técnicas de análise dos dados. Os autores que mais publicaram no periódico no período eram vinculados a Universidade de São Paulo (USP) e a Universidade Católica de Brasília. No que se refere, ao método de pesquisa utilizado pelos estudos analisados, tem-se a predominância dos estudos com abordagem qualitativa e natureza do objetivo descritiva e aplicação da técnica de estudo de caso e a pesquisa documental

Fragile X Newborn Screening: Lessons Learned From a Multisite Screening Study

BACKGROUND: Delays in the diagnosis of children with fragile X syndrome (FXS) suggest the possibility of newborn screening as a way to identify children earlier. However, FXS does not have a proven treatment that must be provided early, and ethical concerns have been raised about the detection of infants who are carriers. This article summarizes major findings from a multisite, prospective, longitudinal pilot screening study. METHODS: Investigators in North Carolina, California, and Illinois collaborated on a study in which voluntary screening for FXS was offered to parents in 3 birthing hospitals. FXS newborn screening was offered to >28 000 families to assess public acceptance and determine whether identification of babies resulted in any measurable harms or adverse events. Secondary goals were to determine the prevalence of FMR1 carrier gene expansions, study the consent process, and describe early development and behavior of identified children. RESULTS: A number of publications have resulted from the project. This article summarizes 10 "lessons learned" about the consent process, reasons for accepting and declining screening, development and evaluation of a decision aid, prevalence of carriers, father participation in consent, family follow-up, and maternal reactions to screening. CONCLUSIONS: The project documented public acceptance of screening as well as the challenges inherent in obtaining consent in the hospital shortly after birth. Collectively, the study provides answers to a number of questions that now set the stage for a next generation of research to determine the benefits of earlier identification for children and families

¿EXISTE A INTEGRAÇÃO DOCENCIA-SERVICO?

General objective: To understand the perspective on the relationship between healthcare and teaching activities among the teachers of the nurse discipline from the first three years of the bachelor’s degree in nursing of the National University of Santiago del Estero (Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero) and of those nurses from the Independence Hospital (Hospital Independencia) where then students learn the practical approach of the degree course. Progress report: An exploratory study with qualitative methodology. Information gathering techniques: Key informants and semi structured interviews with directed questions. Preliminary results: On the one hand, some nurses believe there is integration “in spite of staff and resources shortages. We communicate with each other and we try to work in the best way possible”. “There is respect between the institutions”. On the other hand, other nurses said that “there is no integration and that nurse teachers just impart theoretical knowledge without taking into consideration the reality of hospitals”. Nurse teachers said that “there is good predisposition from hospital nurses but that cannot be considered integration” “there should be an agreement”. The nurses admitted that “the good predisposition of students is very beneficial since they are constantly updating themselves and looking for information on the internet”. Nurse teachers believe that “it is beneficial the staff and authorities good predisposition because that makes our job easier”. As regards the staff from the hospital, they say that “the lack of experience of students hold up the work as well as the shortage of resources and staff”. The obstacles, say the nurse teachers, are “staff shortages and few teachers”. Expectations: The nurses said they hope to “achieve greater organization between teachers and the chiefs of the hospitals”, “we do not like to be treated as if we were still students”. Nurse teachers hope to “institutionalize joint work and research and to plan activities”. Conclusion: Investigation still in progress.Objetivo general: Comprender la perspectiva sobre la Integración Docente Asistencial que tienen los docentes de asignaturas del área profesional del Primer Ciclo de la Licenciatura en Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, y la de los enfermeros de Servicios del Hospital Independencia, donde se llevan a cabo las experiencias prácticas de enseñanza de los estudiantes.Método: Estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, transversal con enfoque cualitativo. Las técnicas para la obtención de la información fueron: entrevistas a informantes claves y entrevistas semi-estructuradas con ejes temáticos. Resultados preliminares: Los enfermeros del servicio creen que hay integración“a pesar de la escasez de recursos y personal, nos comunicamos, trabajamos lo mejor posible”. “Hay respeto entre las instituciones”. En franca oposición, otros enfermeros opinaron “no hay integración, los docentes solo enseñan teóricamente sin ver la realidad de los servicios”. Los docentes “hay predisposición de los servicios, pero eso no es integración”, “2debería haber un convenio”. Los enfermeros reconocieroncomo beneficios “la buena predisposición de los estudiantes, aportan actualización, investigan en internet”. Los docentes “predisposición del personal, de las autoridades, facilitan la tarea”. Obstáculos que reconoce el personal de servicio: “falta de experiencia del estudiante que retrasa el trabajo, recursos materiales escasos, falta de docentes”. Los docentes “escasez de personal, personal contratado y pocos docentes”. Expectativas: Enfermeros “lograr mayor coordinación docentes y jefes de servicio”, “no nos gusta que nos traten como si todavía fuéramos alumnos”. Docentes: “institucionalizar el trabajo conjunto, planificar actividades, investigar en forma conjunta”. Conclusiones: Investigación aún en proceso.Objetivo geral: Compreender a perspectiva da integração que têm os professores de docente de disciplinas área profissional do primeiro ciclo do grau de bacharel em enfermagem da Universidade Nacional de Santiago del Estero, e as enfermeiras do Hospital Serviços Independência, onde é realizado pela experiencia prática de ensino a os estudantes. Relatório de Progresso: Um estudo exploratório com metodologia qualitativa. Obter informações técnicas: entrevistas com informantes-chave e entrevistas semiestruturadas com eixos temáticos. Resultados preliminares: Serviço de enfermeiras acreditam que há integração "apesar da escassez de recursos e de pessoal, comunicamos, estamos a fazer o nosso melhor possível". "Não há respeito entre as instituições". Em oposição frontal, outros enfermeiros sentiu-se "não há nenhuma integração, os professores só ensinam teoricamente sem ver os serviços reais". Os professores sentiram: "existe a predisposição dos serviços, mas que não é integração", "não deve ser uma convenção". Os benefícios dos enfermeiros reconhecida como "a vontade dos estudantes, contribuem actualização, pesquisam em internet”. Os docentes: “predisposición do pessoal, das autoridades, facilitam a tarefa”. Obstáculos que reconhece o pessoal de serviço: “falta de experiência do estudante que atrasa o trabalho, recursos materiais escassos, falta de docentes”. Os docentes:“escassez de pessoal, pessoal contratado e poucos docentes” Expectativas: Enfermeiros “conseguir maior coordenação docentes e chefes de serviço”, “não gostamos que nos tratem como se ainda fôssemos de alunos”. Docentes: “institucionalizar o trabalho conjunto, planificar actividades, pesquisar em forma conjunta” Conclusões: Investigação ainda em processo

Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK.

BACKGROUND: A safe and efficacious vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), if deployed with high coverage, could contribute to the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in a pooled interim analysis of four trials. METHODS: This analysis includes data from four ongoing blinded, randomised, controlled trials done across the UK, Brazil, and South Africa. Participants aged 18 years and older were randomly assigned (1:1) to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine or control (meningococcal group A, C, W, and Y conjugate vaccine or saline). Participants in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group received two doses containing 5 × 1010 viral particles (standard dose; SD/SD cohort); a subset in the UK trial received a half dose as their first dose (low dose) and a standard dose as their second dose (LD/SD cohort). The primary efficacy analysis included symptomatic COVID-19 in seronegative participants with a nucleic acid amplification test-positive swab more than 14 days after a second dose of vaccine. Participants were analysed according to treatment received, with data cutoff on Nov 4, 2020. Vaccine efficacy was calculated as 1 - relative risk derived from a robust Poisson regression model adjusted for age. Studies are registered at ISRCTN89951424 and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04324606, NCT04400838, and NCT04444674. FINDINGS: Between April 23 and Nov 4, 2020, 23 848 participants were enrolled and 11 636 participants (7548 in the UK, 4088 in Brazil) were included in the interim primary efficacy analysis. In participants who received two standard doses, vaccine efficacy was 62·1% (95% CI 41·0-75·7; 27 [0·6%] of 4440 in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group vs71 [1·6%] of 4455 in the control group) and in participants who received a low dose followed by a standard dose, efficacy was 90·0% (67·4-97·0; three [0·2%] of 1367 vs 30 [2·2%] of 1374; pinteraction=0·010). Overall vaccine efficacy across both groups was 70·4% (95·8% CI 54·8-80·6; 30 [0·5%] of 5807 vs 101 [1·7%] of 5829). From 21 days after the first dose, there were ten cases hospitalised for COVID-19, all in the control arm; two were classified as severe COVID-19, including one death. There were 74 341 person-months of safety follow-up (median 3·4 months, IQR 1·3-4·8): 175 severe adverse events occurred in 168 participants, 84 events in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group and 91 in the control group. Three events were classified as possibly related to a vaccine: one in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group, one in the control group, and one in a participant who remains masked to group allocation. INTERPRETATION: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 has an acceptable safety profile and has been found to be efficacious against symptomatic COVID-19 in this interim analysis of ongoing clinical trials. FUNDING: UK Research and Innovation, National Institutes for Health Research (NIHR), Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Lemann Foundation, Rede D'Or, Brava and Telles Foundation, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Thames Valley and South Midland's NIHR Clinical Research Network, and AstraZeneca

Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK

Background A safe and efficacious vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), if deployed with high coverage, could contribute to the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in a pooled interim analysis of four trials. Methods This analysis includes data from four ongoing blinded, randomised, controlled trials done across the UK, Brazil, and South Africa. Participants aged 18 years and older were randomly assigned (1:1) to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine or control (meningococcal group A, C, W, and Y conjugate vaccine or saline). Participants in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group received two doses containing 5 × 1010 viral particles (standard dose; SD/SD cohort); a subset in the UK trial received a half dose as their first dose (low dose) and a standard dose as their second dose (LD/SD cohort). The primary efficacy analysis included symptomatic COVID-19 in seronegative participants with a nucleic acid amplification test-positive swab more than 14 days after a second dose of vaccine. Participants were analysed according to treatment received, with data cutoff on Nov 4, 2020. Vaccine efficacy was calculated as 1 - relative risk derived from a robust Poisson regression model adjusted for age. Studies are registered at ISRCTN89951424 and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04324606, NCT04400838, and NCT04444674. Findings Between April 23 and Nov 4, 2020, 23 848 participants were enrolled and 11 636 participants (7548 in the UK, 4088 in Brazil) were included in the interim primary efficacy analysis. In participants who received two standard doses, vaccine efficacy was 62·1% (95% CI 41·0–75·7; 27 [0·6%] of 4440 in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group vs71 [1·6%] of 4455 in the control group) and in participants who received a low dose followed by a standard dose, efficacy was 90·0% (67·4–97·0; three [0·2%] of 1367 vs 30 [2·2%] of 1374; pinteraction=0·010). Overall vaccine efficacy across both groups was 70·4% (95·8% CI 54·8–80·6; 30 [0·5%] of 5807 vs 101 [1·7%] of 5829). From 21 days after the first dose, there were ten cases hospitalised for COVID-19, all in the control arm; two were classified as severe COVID-19, including one death. There were 74 341 person-months of safety follow-up (median 3·4 months, IQR 1·3–4·8): 175 severe adverse events occurred in 168 participants, 84 events in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group and 91 in the control group. Three events were classified as possibly related to a vaccine: one in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group, one in the control group, and one in a participant who remains masked to group allocation. Interpretation ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 has an acceptable safety profile and has been found to be efficacious against symptomatic COVID-19 in this interim analysis of ongoing clinical trials

Parents' Decisions to Screen Newborns for FMR1 Gene Expansions in a Pilot Research Project

The goal of this study was to document rates of parental consent in a pilot study of newborn screening for FMR1 gene expansions, examine demographic characteristics of mothers who consented or declined, describe the reasons for their decision, and discuss ethical and social aspects of the consent process

The transcription factor Rfx7 limits metabolism of NK cells and promotes their maintenance and immunity

Regulatory factor X 7 (Rfx7) is an uncharacterized transcription factor belonging to a family involved in ciliogenesis and immunity. Here, we found that deletion of Rfx7 leads to a decrease in natural killer (NK) cell maintenance and immunity in vivo. Genomic approaches showed that Rfx7 coordinated a transcriptional network controlling cell metabolism. Rfx7-/- NK lymphocytes presented increased size, granularity, proliferation, and energetic state, whereas genetic reduction of mTOR activity mitigated those defects. Notably, Rfx7-deficient NK lymphocytes were rescued by interleukin 15 through engagement of the Janus kinase (Jak) pathway, thus revealing the importance of this signaling for maintenance of such spontaneously activated NK cells. Rfx7 therefore emerges as a novel transcriptional regulator of NK cell homeostasis and metabolic quiescence