Real-time data-driven and multi-scale model-guided system for bioproccess digital twin platform

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An Open Wireless Mesh Testbed Architecture with Data Collection and Software Distribution Platform

Abstract—A Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) is a fast growing network, which is now a popular technology for providing wireless internet connection to industry as well as community. A WMN is a collection of nodes (usually a computer with one or more wireless Network Interface Cards (NICs)) that are connected to one another with single or multiple hop ad hoc links forming a mesh backbone network. Ad hoc links are popular in mesh connectivity as they are self-configuring and self-healing. In this paper, we discuss WMN design and deployment issues with reference to our WiSEMesh testbed. WiSEMesh has 56 nodes deployed in the campus area providing internet connection for over 1000 users. Each node consists of a small form factor computer with three wireless NICs. We developed the WiSEMesh node software stack that contains unix based operating system, wireless NIC drivers, tools such as DHCP server, NAT etc

Electrically Robust Single-Crystalline WTe2 Nanobelts for Nanoscale Electrical Interconnects

As the elements of integrated circuits are downsized to the nanoscale, the current Cu-based interconnects are facing limitations due to increased resistivity and decreased current-carrying capacity because of scaling. Here, the bottom-up synthesis of single-crystalline WTe2 nanobelts and low- and high-field electrical characterization of nanoscale interconnect test structures in various ambient conditions are reported. Unlike exfoliated flakes obtained by the top-down approach, the bottom-up growth mode of WTe2 nanobelts allows systemic characterization of the electrical properties of WTe2 single crystals as a function of channel dimensions. Using a 1D heat transport model and a power law, it is determined that the breakdown of WTe2 devices under vacuum and with AlOx capping layer follows an ideal pattern for Joule heating, far from edge scattering. High-field electrical measurements and self-heating modeling demonstrate that the WTe2 nanobelts have a breakdown current density approaching approximate to 100 MA cm(-2), remarkably higher than those of conventional metals and other transition-metal chalcogenides, and sustain the highest electrical power per channel length (approximate to 16.4 W cm(-1)) among the interconnect candidates. The results suggest superior robustness of WTe2 against high-bias sweep and its possible applicability in future nanoelectronics

Mechanical Properties of Silicon Nanowires

Nanowires have been taken much attention as a nanoscale building block, which can perform the excellent mechanical function as an electromechanical device. Here, we have performed atomic force microscope (AFM)-based nanoindentation experiments of silicon nanowires in order to investigate the mechanical properties of silicon nanowires. It is shown that stiffness of nanowires is well described by Hertz theory and that elastic modulus of silicon nanowires with various diameters from ~100 to ~600 nm is close to that of bulk silicon. This implies that the elastic modulus of silicon nanowires is independent of their diameters if the diameter is larger than 100 nm. This supports that finite size effect (due to surface effect) does not play a role on elastic behavior of silicon nanowires with diameter of >100 nm

Radical Cystectomy and Orthotopic Bladder Substitution Using Ileum

Over the past decade, continent urinary diversion, especially orthotopic bladder substitutions, has become increasingly popular following radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. The ultimate goal of orthotopic bladder substitution is to offer patients the best quality of life, similar to that of patients with native bladders. To achieve that purpose, surgeons should be familiar with the characteristics of good candidates for neobladders, the possible intraoperative and postoperative problems related to the surgery, and the solutions to these problems. Postoperative surveillance and instructions given to the patients also contribute to successful, functional results. Here, we reviewed the indications, pitfalls, and solutions for orthotopic bladder substitutions and the patients' quality of life after surgery. When performed properly, orthotopic continent diversion offers good quality of life with few long-term complications. Therefore, we believe it is the best option for the majority of patients requiring cystectomy

Learning from Noisy Labels for MIMO Detection With One-Bit ADCs

This paper presents a data detection method for multiple-input multiple-output systems with one-bit analog-to-digital converters. The basic idea is to learn the likelihood function of the system from training samples. To this end, a training data generation strategy is first proposed, which labels a one-bit received signal with a symbol index determined by channel-based data detection. This strategy requires no extra training overhead beyond pilot symbols for channel estimation, but leads to noisy labels due to data detection errors. For accurate learning from the noisy labels, an expectation-maximization algorithm is also developed. This algorithm learns both the likelihood function and the transition probability from each noisy label to a true label. Numerical results demonstrate that the presented method performs similar to the optimal maximum likelihood detection. IEEE11Nsciescopu