Evaluation of the effects of Matricaria chamomilla aroma on intensity of the labor pain in primparous women in Emdadi Hospital of Abhar in 2013

Labor pain relief is one of the challenges in health care systems in the most countries and is the main goal in midwifery cares. Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the chamomile breath on this pain intensity in the first stage of labor on prim parous women in Abhar Emdadi hospital in 2013. Methods and Results: This study was a randomized clinical trial carried out on 130 eligible prim parous women (65 in intervention and 65 in control group) at Emdadi Hospital of Abhar. The pain severity was measured at the moment of enrolling in the study. In the aroma therapy group gauze was soaked in 2 drops of Matrica camomilla water and in the control group gauze were soaked in 2 drops of distilled water and attached to the woman collars. The intervention was repeated every half an hour. Pain severity was measured in first and after intervention in 3-4, 5-7, and 8-10 centimeter dilatations. The samples were followed up until delivery. The materials used in this study were the demographic and obstetrics questionnaire, observation and exam checklist and the numeral scale of pain measurement. Independent T-test, the Mann-Whitney and Chi-squared test was implemented to analyze the data using SPSS v22 while the significance level was (0.05). The two groups were homogenized regarding age, profession, education, wanted pregnancy and number and severity of uterus contraction. The bishop score was calculated as well. Before intervention, the mean pain severity score after the intervention in intervention group in 3-4 cm (5.75±1.99), 5-7cm (7±1.52) and 8-10cm (7.01±1.22) decreased significantly compared with control group in dilatation 3-4 cm (8.93±1.96), 5-7 cm (9.41±0.63) and 8-10 cm (9.8±0.40) (p<0.005). Conclusions: The findings of the study revealed that aromatherapy of M. chamomilla water alleviates the labor pain. Therefore this method is recommended due to reducing the labor pain

Labor induction with randomized comparison of cervical, oral and intravaginal misoprostol

Background: This study attempts to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of 50μgm intracervical misoprostol in comparison with intravaginal and sublingual for the induction of labor at term pregnant women. Methods: This study is designed as a parallel clinical trial study. Three hundred and fifteen term pregnancies requiring induction of labor were treated with the maximum used misoprostol intracervical, sublingual, and vaginal doses. Participants were randomly allocated into three groups of 105. The dose was repeated every 4 h until adequate uterine contraction and Bishop Score were achieved. The duration of induction to births, time to the active phase, the rate of births, and the need for caesarean section were compared in three groups. Additionally, labor course and side effects were recorded and analyzed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. A significance level of p < 0.05 was considered for statistical analyses. Findings: Labor was successfully induced in all cases most (63%) of which required a single dose of misoprostol. Ninety-three (93.0%, p < 0.05) cervical participants proceeded to vaginal births. This figure was also the same in the vaginal and sublingual group of 83 cases (83.0%). The other 41 cases received caesarean section with more indications of failure to progress and meconium-stained liquor. The results indicated that 278 (92.7%) births were achieved in less than 10 h. Time from start of medication to the active phase of labor and childbirth was 3.01 پ} 0.86 and 6.1 1.3 h in the Cervical group, 4.2 پ} 0.66 and 8.4 0.92 h in the sublingual group, and 5.06 1.1 and 9.2 1.5 h in the vaginal group respectively (p < 0.001). The Caesarean rate was lower in the cervical group than in the two other groups (p = 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the study groups in terms of Apgar score and meconium- stained amniotic fluid. Furthermore, no maternal and neonatal complications were observed. Conclusion: In addition to the sublingual and intravaginal routes of administration, intracervical misoprostol at a single dose of 50μgm appears to be an effective method for induction of labor in women with an unfavorable cervix. Like all medical interventions, a discussion of the risks, benefits, and alternatives to induction of labor with this medication in each woman should be undertaken before treatment. Trial registration: This clinical study was approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with IRCT ID: IRCT2 01904 15043 278N1. Registration date was on May 13, 2019 and May 27, 2019 respectively (http:// www. irct. ir). Keywords: Misoprostol, Labor induced, Term birt

Labor induction with randomized comparison of cervical, oral and intravaginal misoprostol

Background: This study attempts to evaluate the safety and efectiveness of 50μgm intracervical misoprostol in comparison with intravaginal and sublingual for the induction of labor at term pregnant women. Methods: This study is designed as a parallel clinical trial study. Three hundred and ffteen term pregnancies requiring induction of labor were treated with the maximum used misoprostol intracervical, sublingual, and vaginal doses. Participants were randomly allocated into three groups of 105. The dose was repeated every 4h until adequate uterine contraction and Bishop Score were achieved. The duration of induction to births, time to the active phase, the rate of births, and the need for caesarean section were compared in three groups. Additionally, labor course and side efects were recorded and analyzed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. A signifcance level of p< 0.05 was considered for statistical analyses. Findings: Labor was successfully induced in all cases most (63%) of which required a single dose of misoprostol. Ninety-three (93.0%, p< 0.05) cervical participants proceeded to vaginal births. This fgure was also the same in the vaginal and sublingual group of 83 cases (83.0%). The other 41 cases received caesarean section with more indications of failure to progress and meconium-stained liquor. The results indicated that 278 (92.7%) births were achieved in less than 10h. Time from start of medication to the active phase of labor and childbirth was 3.01±0.86 and 6.1±1.3h in the Cervical group, 4.2±0.66 and 8.4±0.92h in the sublingual group, and 5.06±1.1 and 9.2±1.5h in the vaginal group respectively (p<0.001). The Caesarean rate was lower in the cervical group than in the two other groups (p=0.05). No signifcant diferences were observed between the study groups in terms of Apgar score and meconium-stained amniotic fuid. Furthermore, no maternal and neonatal complications were observed. Conclusion: In addition to the sublingual and intravaginal routes of administration, intracervical misoprostol at a single dose of 50μgm appears to be an efective method for induction of labor in women with an unfavorable cervix. Like all medical interventions, a discussion of the risks, benefts, and alternatives to induction of labor with this medication in each woman should be undertaken before treatment. Trial registration: This clinical study was approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with IRCT ID: IRCT201904 15043278N1. Registration date was on May 13, 2019 and May 27, 2019 respectively (http://www.irct.ir). Keywords: Misoprostol, Labor induced, Term birt

Combined effect of unsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids on the metabolic syndrome: tehran lipid and glucose study

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the background intakes of total dietary fat, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) modulate the effects of dietary saturated fatty acids (SFA) on metabolic syndrome (MetS). Material and Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted on a representative sample of 4 677 adults, aged 19 to 84 years. MetS was defined according to the ATP III criteria. Results: Median intakes of SFA, MUFA and PUFA were 9.5, 9.6 and 5.6% of total energy. High SFA intakes were associated with higher prevalence of MetS, in both individuals with higher and lower median intakes of total fat, MUFA and PUFA. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that SFA intakes were positively associated with the prevalence of MetS, independent of total dietary fat, MUFA and PUFA intake

Dietary Regulation of miR-33b and miR-29a in Relationship to Metabolic Biomarkers of Glucose and Lipids in Obese Diabetic Women: A Randomized Clinical Controlled Study

Background: MicroRNAs have recently been introduced as epigenetic regulators of glucose and lipid metabolic pathways, which are impaired in obesity and diabetes. Objectives: We evaluated the effects of calorie-restricted diet therapy on the circulating levels of miR-33b and miR-29a in relationship to glucose and lipid metabolic parameters in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This randomized clinical controlled trial was performed on 30 eligible obese women with T2DM, randomly divided into two groups (control group, n = 15; diet therapy group, n = 15) for 10 weeks. Ten healthy women with normal weight were enrolled at the baseline of the study as controls. Demographic information, dietary intake, and anthropometric and biochemical indices were obtained before and after the study. Circulating miR-33b and miR-29a were assessed for all subjects using quantitative RT-PCR, and the fold change of each circulating miRNA was compared between groups. Results: The circulating levels of miR-29a and miR-33b in the diabetic women were higher (0.40-fold) and lower (1.43-fold), respectively, than normal levels. Diet therapy significantly increased the circulating level of miR-33b (P = 0.023, 0.97-fold upregulation) to normal levels. This increase was independently correlated with caloric restriction (95%CI: -0.004 to -0.0001, P = 0.022) and 2hPPBS (95%CI: -0.009 to -0.001, P = 0.035). No remarkable change was observed in circulating levels of miR-29a. Conclusions: Our findings introduced a novel therapeutic effect of diet therapy on circulating miRNAs in obese patients with T2DM. MiR-33b is an important therapeutic target in the treatment and prevention of T2DM and its complication

The association between sexual health literacy and sexual function of women in Iran

BACKGROUND: Considering the importance of sexual health literacy in promoting individual sexual health and ultimately improving family and social health as well as the effect of health literacy on sexual function, this study was designed and conducted to determine the association between sexual health literacy and sexual function among women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 420 women referring to health centers were entered into the study using one-stage cluster sampling method. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire, Iranian Adult Sexual Health Literacy Assessment Questionnaire, and the Persian version of the Female Sexual Function Assessment Questionnaire (FSFI). Data were collected and entered into SPSS 22 and logistic regression. RESULTS: The results of the logistic regression test showed that the variable of sexual health literacy was effective on women's sexual function (P = 0.021) so that the chances of having a desirable sexual function in women with excellent were 4.222 times more than women with inadequate health literacy; the variables of employment status, level of education, duration of marital life, and the number of sexual intercourses per recent week were the factors affecting women's sexual function (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study pointed out the existence of an undesirable level of sexual function and a desirable level of sexual health literacy among participating women. Hence, designing and implementing the training plans to promote sexual function among these women is necessary