Modelo para la escritura de artículos científicos a distancia mediante tareas colaborativas

There has been a lot of research on improving the process of scientific writing collaboratively, for example, indicators have been elaborated to measure the success of this type of activities, also, computer tools have been developed to facilitate this exercise, among other proposals. These research works have become relevant and pertinent due to the current conditions of pandemic (COVID-19), because, general isolation measures have been established that make it impossible to meet and interact with other people, which are important values to succeed in any collaborative activity. For this reason, the process of scientific research and writing has become extremely difficult in recent times; specifically, the lack of a structured process to organize and systematize scientific research at a distance through virtual means has been identified. Considering the above-mentioned problems, a model based on the contributions of collaborative engineering is presented, which allows the design of joint tasks from virtuality, adding elements of the SECI model, which seeks to manage knowledge and make it uniform among authors. To this end, the abstraction of common tasks when writing scientific articles was carried out and a model was proposed to improve this process. The validation of this was done through a case study where a group of researchers use the proposal and develop the writing of a research paper. Subsequently, promising results were obtained about the proposed model, with high levels of satisfaction among participants. Finally, it was found that this is an area of research in which contributions can be made, where the development of specific tools to evaluate collaborative activities is a latent need.Para mejorar el proceso de escritura científica de forma colaborativa se han realizado múltiples investigaciones, como la elaboración de indicadores para medir el éxito de estas actividades y el desarrollo de herramientas informáticas que faciliten la ejecución de dicho ejercicio. Estos trabajos de investigación han tomado relevancia y pertinencia por las condiciones actuales de pandemia (COVID-19), debido a que las medidas de aislamiento general que se han establecido imposibilitan el encuentro y la interacción con otras personas, lo cual son valores importantes para tener éxito en cualquier actividad colaborativa. Por esta razón, en tiempos recientes, el proceso de investigación y escritura científica se ha dificultado, identificándose la falta de un proceso estructurado para organizar y sistematizar la investigación científica a distancia mediante medios virtuales. Teniendo en cuenta la problemática mencionada, se presenta un modelo basado en los aportes de la ingeniería de la colaboración que permite diseñar tareas conjuntas desde la virtualidad, añadiendo elementos del modelo Socialización, Externalización, Combinación e Internalización (SECI), el cual busca gestionar el conocimiento y hacerlo uniforme entre los autores. Para esto, se realizó una encuesta que permitió la abstracción de tareas comunes al escribir artículos científicos y se planteó un modelo para mejorar este proceso. Su validación se realizó mediante un caso de estudio donde un grupo de investigadores utilizan la propuesta y desarrollan la escritura de un documento de investigación. Posteriormente, se obtuvieron resultados prometedores acerca del modelo propuesto, con niveles altos de satisfacción entre los participantes. Finalmente, se constató que es un área de investigación en la que se pueden hacer aportes significativos al proceso de escritura científica en épocas de aislamiento a causa de la pandemia, donde el desarrollo de herramientas específicas para evaluar actividades colaborativas es una necesidad latente

Proposal of a system based on direct and indirect techniques and their correlation by chlorophyll quantification

The prediction of normalized vegetation indices in coffee crops using multispectral images obtained by aerial mapping aims to generate a technological strategy using aerial mapping employing drones (RPAS) to predict normalized vegetation index (ENDVI) in coffee crops. During the research process, reference is made to the ENDVI according to the multispectral footprints generated by the different nutrients on the plants in the production stage of the coffee crop, using RPAS for the realization of aerial mapping works in precision agriculture. This reflects the importance of implementing technological tools to improve the planning of agricultural activities, predict damage and decide in situations that affect the development of coffee crops. This study took multispectral images of coffee crops from aerial mapping in the coffee plantations of the Popayan plateau region. It will also analyze the health status of the plants using a chlorophyll meter. From this comparative analysis of the different ENDVI, it is possible to define management alternatives to improve production. However, the images will be captured with unique cameras incorporated in the RPAS, allowing the identification of the variations of the lots and coffee plants in the formative stage of their phenological development, the absorption of nutrients, and the water stress of the crop. Finally, some strategies for integrating expert systems in aerial mapping are proposed.Facultad de Informátic

A Software Products Line as Educational Tool to Learn Industrial Robots Programming with Arduino

Software reuse has potential for educational purposes since it uses decomposition and abstraction, two necessary skills to learn programming. Software reuse techniques require abstractions that are not obvious to students or even to professionals. Taking advantage of these techniques, students can learn computer programming in a productive and organized way. This paper proposes to use the Software Product Line (SPL) reuse technique as a strategy for learning to program industrial robots with the Arduino platform. First, the paper explains SPL construction and application with first-year university students. The SPL proposes abstractions close to the industrial robots domain with a simplified variability. The paper uses the case study method to show the feasibility of using the SPL approach in a learning environment. In this evaluation, students reused 38% to 43% of the total code needed to program the robot. It represents an improvement in the time it takes students to program industrial robotics solutions facilitating their learning. In addition, the paper unveils some limitations related to usability, specific knowledge, and some exploitable technologies

A Software Products Line as Educational Tool to Learn Industrial Robots Programming with Arduino

Software reuse has potential for educational purposes since it uses decomposition and abstraction, two necessary skills to learn programming. Software reuse techniques require abstractions that are not obvious to students or even to professionals. Taking advantage of these techniques, students can learn computer programming in a productive and organized way. This paper proposes to use the Software Product Line (SPL) reuse technique as a strategy for learning to program industrial robots with the Arduino platform. First, the paper explains SPL construction and application with first-year university students. The SPL proposes abstractions close to the industrial robots domain with a simplified variability. The paper uses the case study method to show the feasibility of using the SPL approach in a learning environment. In this evaluation, students reused 38% to 43% of the total code needed to program the robot. It represents an improvement in the time it takes students to program industrial robotics solutions facilitating their learning. In addition, the paper unveils some limitations related to usability, specific knowledge, and some exploitable technologies

Modelo para la escritura de artículos científicos a distancia mediante tareas colaborativas

There has been a lot of research on improving the process of scientific writing collaboratively, for example, indicators have been elaborated to measure the success of this type of activities, also, computer tools have been developed to facilitate this exercise, among other proposals. These research works have become relevant and pertinent due to the current conditions of pandemic (COVID-19), because, general isolation measures have been established that make it impossible to meet and interact with other people, which are important values to succeed in any collaborative activity. For this reason, the process of scientific research and writing has become extremely difficult in recent times; specifically, the lack of a structured process to organize and systematize scientific research at a distance through virtual means has been identified. Considering the above-mentioned problems, a model based on the contributions of collaborative engineering is presented, which allows the design of joint tasks from virtuality, adding elements of the SECI model, which seeks to manage knowledge and make it uniform among authors. To this end, the abstraction of common tasks when writing scientific articles was carried out and a model was proposed to improve this process. The validation of this was done through a case study where a group of researchers use the proposal and develop the writing of a research paper. Subsequently, promising results were obtained about the proposed model, with high levels of satisfaction among participants. Finally, it was found that this is an area of research in which contributions can be made, where the development of specific tools to evaluate collaborative activities is a latent need.Para mejorar el proceso de escritura científica de forma colaborativa se han realizado múltiples investigaciones, como la elaboración de indicadores para medir el éxito de estas actividades y el desarrollo de herramientas informáticas que faciliten la ejecución de dicho ejercicio. Estos trabajos de investigación han tomado relevancia y pertinencia por las condiciones actuales de pandemia (COVID-19), debido a que las medidas de aislamiento general que se han establecido imposibilitan el encuentro y la interacción con otras personas, lo cual son valores importantes para tener éxito en cualquier actividad colaborativa. Por esta razón, en tiempos recientes, el proceso de investigación y escritura científica se ha dificultado, identificándose la falta de un proceso estructurado para organizar y sistematizar la investigación científica a distancia mediante medios virtuales. Teniendo en cuenta la problemática mencionada, se presenta un modelo basado en los aportes de la ingeniería de la colaboración que permite diseñar tareas conjuntas desde la virtualidad, añadiendo elementos del modelo Socialización, Externalización, Combinación e Internalización (SECI), el cual busca gestionar el conocimiento y hacerlo uniforme entre los autores. Para esto, se realizó una encuesta que permitió la abstracción de tareas comunes al escribir artículos científicos y se planteó un modelo para mejorar este proceso. Su validación se realizó mediante un caso de estudio donde un grupo de investigadores utilizan la propuesta y desarrollan la escritura de un documento de investigación. Posteriormente, se obtuvieron resultados prometedores acerca del modelo propuesto, con niveles altos de satisfacción entre los participantes. Finalmente, se constató que es un área de investigación en la que se pueden hacer aportes significativos al proceso de escritura científica en épocas de aislamiento a causa de la pandemia, donde el desarrollo de herramientas específicas para evaluar actividades colaborativas es una necesidad latente

Propuesta de un dispositivo refrigerante con celdas Peltier alimentado con un sistema fotovoltaico independiente: un caso de estudio

Currently, multiple studies are trying to establish alternatives that will allow for the reduction of the consequences of energy consumption and greenhouse gases. In this sense, photovoltaic solar energy has become a feasible option to alleviate this problem, also, new technologies have been sought to reduce the energy consumption of cooling devices, because they consume too much energy and use harmful refrigerants to accomplish their task. For this reason, Peltier cells can be a viable option to lower the temperature in closed spaces without generating waste or harmful emissions. In the present work, we propose to combine these initiatives in a unified system to take advantage of both technologies, implementing a cooling system that uses the thermoelectric effect to reduce the temperature inside, which is fed by an autonomous photovoltaic system using maximum power point tracking algorithms to improve its performance. The results show that the device is capable of lowering the temperature inside, allowing the conservation of elements at low and constant temperatures, without the disadvantages of common refrigerators. Finally, it is concluded that this system is a plausible possibility to replace cooling technologies where access to electrical energy is limited. Actualmente, múltiples estudios intentan establecer alternativas que permitan disminuir las consecuencias del gasto energético y los gases de efecto invernadero. En este sentido, la energía solar fotovoltaica se ha convertido en una opción factible para aplacar esta problemática, asimismo, se han buscado nuevas tecnologías para disminuir el gasto energético de los dispositivos refrigerantes, porque consumen  emasiada energía y utilizan refrigerantes dañinos para cumplir su tarea. Por esta razón, las celdas Peltier pueden ser una opción viable para disminuir la temperatura en espacios cerrados sin generar residuos o emisiones nocivas. En el presente trabajo se plantea combinar estas iniciativas en un sistema unificado para aprovechar ambas tecnologías, implementando un sistema refrigerante que utiliza el efecto termoeléctrico para reducir la temperatura en su interior, que es alimentado por un sistema fotovoltaico autónomo utilizando algoritmos de seguimiento del punto de máxima potencia para mejorar su rendimiento. Los resultados reflejan que el dispositivo es capaz de disminuir la temperatura en su interior, permitiendo la conservación de elementos a temperaturas bajas y constantes, sin los inconvenientes de los refrigeradores comunes. Finalmente, se concluye que este sistema es una posibilidad plausible para sustituir las tecnologías de enfriamiento donde el acceso a la energía eléctrica es limitado.

Spatial Analysis of the Suitability of Hass Avocado Cultivation in the Cauca Department, Colombia, Using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and Geographic Information Systems

Avocado is an important export and consumption product in Colombia, and its economic importance is expected to increase in the coming years. With its vast potential territory for avocado cultivation, the department of Cauca is a crucial area for producing this variety. However, small producers in the region often need more knowledge of the most suitable locations for planting. This study seeks to determine the ideal areas for Hass avocado cultivation in Cauca using geographic information tools and multi-criteria decision analysis, using a set of official data from different governmental entities and the hierarchical analytical process that allows determining the intensity of the interrelation of factors in the cultivation of Hass avocado. The results indicate that the municipalities near the Popayán plateau have the most significant potential for Hass avocado production, using the analytical hierarchy process. Approximately 9.2% of the administrative territory of the region is classified as highly suitable for Hass avocado cultivation, and an additional 14.2% is considered moderately suitable, constituting about 700,000 hectares of arable land. This research provides decision-makers and producers with valuable knowledge to support and improve Hass avocado agriculture in the region by implementing agricultural engineering practices

Fresh Product Supply Chain Analysis in Cauca, Colombia — A Hass Avocado System Dynamics Approach

In recent years, agriculture has become an essential activity in Colombia, despite the challenges faced by farmers due to low yields and insufficient resources to improve their main activities, such as irrigation systems, agricultural practices, and industrial machinery. This Hass avocado approach has been addressed in previous research considering system dynamics simulation to evaluate farmers’ behavior strategies and improve their competitiveness. However, these studies typically examine a single strategy effect and avoid multiple integrated strategies. Other studies focused on the complex interactions between different factors in the production chain and their feedback effects on farmers’ productivity and cash flow. For these reasons, this research provides a comprehensively dynamic model and evaluates long-term strategies and their effects on supporting and improving small farmers’ productivity and profitability. A system dynamics methodology was used to model complex systems processing Hass avocado farmer association data and explore their effects on competitiveness for long-term sustainable and profitable agriculture. This research proposes optimal scenarios for small farmers, including strategies such as low-interest credit access, logistics practices, and government technical support. The scenarios provide a proactive tool for decision makers and promote rural farmers’ development, aligning high-quality fresh product supply and demand

Mechatronic Design of a Prototype Orthosis to Support Elbow Joint Rehabilitation

Injuries in the elbow area, such as lateral and medial epicondylitis, are the leading causes of consultation with health specialists. Therefore, this research proposes the mechatronic design of an orthosis with a graphic interface that supports professionals in the rehabilitation of the elbow joint through the execution of flexion–extension and pronation–supination movements. For the development of the rehabilitation prototype, mechatronic design, co-design, and IDEF0 methodologies are used, performing activities such as actuator characterization, simulations, and modeling, among others. Through the execution of a case study in a real environment, the device was validated, where the results suggest a functional and workable prototype that supports the treatment of pathologies in the elbow area through the execution of the mentioned movements, supposing that this is a low-cost alternative with elements to improve, such as the industrial design and new functionalities. The developed proposal shows potential as an economical product that health professionals can use. However, some limitations related to the design and functionalities in the application domain were identified