Re-visiting the Unhomely through Languaging

This paper builds on Bhabha’s (1992, 1994) conceptualization of third space and the ‘unhomely’ by turning to the power of the tangible, material and ordinary aspects of the intercultural encounter. In order to do this it focuses on the ‘crisis points’ that languagers encounter in their biographies and puts forward a frame of analysis based on the concepts of ‘Chronotope’ and ‘Mudes’ that places languagers’ spatio-temporal coordinates in synchronicity with their life itineraries

Influence of Phosphoramidites in Copper-Catalyzed Conjugate Borylation Reaction

Copper(I) has become the preferred metal to catalyze the β-boration of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, and now we demonstrate that easily accessible monodentate chiral ligands, such as phosphoramidites and phosphites, can be convenient alternative ligands to induce asymmetry in the enantioselective version of this reaction, particularly in the β-boration of α,β-unsaturated imines.

Lupus Pregnancy: Risk Factors and Management

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) mainly affects women in the fertile age of life. A patient with SLE is as fertile as the general population except for treatment with drugs with ovarian toxicity, severe flare of the disease, or autoimmune oophoritis for anti-ovarian antibodies. Pregnancy in a woman with SLE implies greater maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. Fetal loss, premature birth, intrauterine growth restriction associated with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), and neonatal lupus associated with anti-Ro are important fetal problems. Similarly, preeclampsia and lupus nephritis may lead to diagnostic confusion. Treatment options during pregnancy are limited to a few safe medications, which further restricts options. The loss of refractory pregnancy associated with antiphospholipid antibodies and the complete heart block associated with anti-Ro antibodies remain unresolved problems. The planning of pregnancy with sustainable treatments during pregnancy, no flare of SLE in the previous 6 months, and absence of nephritis are important for a good maternal and fetal prognosis. A gestation planning, multidisciplinary approach, and close monitoring are essential to obtain optimal results

On the use of Vision-Language models for Visual Sentiment Analysis: a study on CLIP

This work presents a study on how to exploit the CLIP embedding space to perform Visual Sentiment Analysis. We experiment with two architectures built on top of the CLIP embedding space, which we denote by CLIP-E. We train the CLIP-E models with WEBEmo, the largest publicly available and manually labeled benchmark for Visual Sentiment Analysis, and perform two sets of experiments. First, we test on WEBEmo and compare the CLIP-E architectures with state-of-the-art (SOTA) models and with CLIP Zero-Shot. Second, we perform cross dataset evaluation, and test the CLIP-E architectures trained with WEBEmo on other Visual Sentiment Analysis benchmarks. Our results show that the CLIP-E approaches outperform SOTA models in WEBEmo fine grained categorization, and they also generalize better when tested on datasets that have not been seen during training. Interestingly, we observed that for the FI dataset, CLIP Zero-Shot produces better accuracies than SOTA models and CLIP-E trained on WEBEmo. These results motivate several questions that we discuss in this paper, such as how we should design new benchmarks and evaluate Visual Sentiment Analysis, and whether we should keep designing tailored Deep Learning models for Visual Sentiment Analysis or focus our efforts on better using the knowledge encoded in large vision-language models such as CLIP for this task

Specialized Discourses of Well-Being and Human Development. Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives

This volume brings together different kinds of expertise and disciplinary approaches to human development and well-being, crucial issues in today’s world threatened by such diverse problems as climate change, natural catastrophes, unequal distribution of wealth and economic exploitation of developing countries, uncontrolled technological progress, systematic violations of human rights, discrimination and racism, health emergencies. The language analysis toolkit ̶ e.g., cross-cultural pragmatics, corpus linguistics, Critical Discourse Analysis, Systemic Functional Linguistics ̶ has been enriched by the analytical tools and frameworks volunteered by scholars in demography, economics, international relations, law and political geography. The analysis of the specialized discourses of well-being and human development has meant to investigate to what extent different communities of practice share approaches and methodologies around these current issues

Is ventilated hospital-acquired pneumonia a worse entity than ventilator-associated pneumonia?

IntroductionNosocomial pneumonia develops after ≥48 h of hospitalisation and is classified as ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP); the latter may require mechanical ventilation (V-HAP) or not (NV-HAP).Main findingsVAP and HAP affect a significant proportion of hospitalised patients and are characterised by poor clinical outcomes. Among them, V-HAP has the greatest 28-day mortality rate followed by VAP and NV-HAP (27.8% versus 18% versus 14.5%, respectively). However, no differences in terms of pathophysiology, underlying microbiological pathways and subsequent therapy have been identified. International guidelines suggest specific flow charts to help clinicians in the therapeutic management of such diseases; however, there are no specific recommendations beyond VAP and HAP classification. HAP subtypes are scarcely considered as different entities and the lack of data from the clinical scenario limits any final conclusion. Hopefully, recent understanding of the pathophysiology of such diseases, as well as the discovery of new therapies, will improve the outcome associated with such pulmonary infections.ConclusionNosocomial pneumonia is a multifaced disease with features of pivotal interest in critical care medicine. Due to the worrisome data on mortality of patients with nosocomial pneumonia, further prospective studies focused on this topic are urgently needed

ERICA: prevalence of asthma in Brazilian adolescents

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of asthma and physician-diagnosed asthma in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS: Cross-sectional, national, school-based study with adolescents from 12 to 17 years old, participants in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). The study stratified the sample by region and grouped according to schools and classes with representativeness to the set of cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants of the Country, macro-regions, capitals, and Federal District. A questionnaire collected data through a self-filled in method. We calculated the prevalences and their confidence intervals of 95% (95% CI) according to sex, age group, type of school and skin color. RESULTS: Between 2013 and 2014, 74,589 adolescents were evaluated, 55.3% of the female sex. The total prevalence of active asthma was of 13.1% (95% CI 12.1-13.9), being higher in girls (14.8%; 95% CI 13.7-16.0) when compared to boys (11.2%; 95% CI 10.3-12.2) in all geographical strata examined. It was also higher between students of private schools (15.9%; 95% CI 14.2-17.7) when compared to public ones (12.4%; 95% CI 11.4-13.4). It was higher in the Southeast region (14.5%; 95% CI 12.9-16.1), and in the city of Sao Paulo (16.7%; 95% CI 14.7-18.7). The lowest prevalence was observed in North region (9.7%; 95% CI 9.7-10.5), and in Teresina (6.3%; 95% CI 4.9-7.7). The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma was of 8.7% (95% CI 8.2-9.1); higher in the North region (13.5%; 95% CI 12.7-14.2), and in Porto Alegre (19.8%; 95% CI 17.5-22.3). It was lower in the Midwest (6.9%; 95% CI 6.0-7.8), and in Cuiaba (4.8%; 95% CI 3.8-5.9). We found no significant difference in the expression of this rate between the sexes, as well as in other variables evaluated by the study. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of asthma in Brazilian adolescents is high. Rates of active asthma and physician-diagnosed asthma vary widely in different regions and capitals evaluated by the ERICA. These results may assist in the preparation of preventive programs and policies on health and a better understanding of the factors associated with asthma in this age group.Department of Science and Technology of the Science, Technology and Strategic Inputs Secretariat from the Brazilian Ministry of Health (Decit/SCTIE/MS)Health Sector Fund (CT-Saude) of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI)Research Incentive Fund of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto AlegreUniv Estado Rio de Janeiro, Fac Ciencias Med, Dept Pediat, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Sergipe, Dept Med, Aracaju, SE, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Pediat, Disciplina Alergia Imunol Clin & Reumatol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Estado Rio de Janeiro, Fac Ciencias Med, Dept Med Interna, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Estado Rio de Janeiro, Fac Ciencias Med, Programa Posgrad Ciencias Med, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Estado Rio de Janeiro, Inst Nutr, Dept Nutr Aplicada, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilFundacao Inst Brasileiro Geog & Estat, Escola Nacl Ciencias Estat, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Estado Rio de Janeiro, Fac Ciencias Med, Nucleo Estudos Saude Adolescente, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Pediat, Disciplina Alergia Imunol Clin & Reumatol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilMCTI: FINEP - 01090421CNPq: 565037/2010-2Research Incentive Fund of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre FIPE-HCPA: 405.009/2012-7Web of Scienc

Gender equality in Rheumatology.

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Low levels of CIITA and high levels of SOCS1 predict COVID-19 disease severity in children and adults

It is unclear why COVID-19 ranges from asymptomatic to severe. When SARS-CoV-2 is detected, interferon (IFN) response is activated. When it is insufficient or delayed, it might lead to overproduction of cytokines and severe COVID-19. The aim was to compare cytokine and IFN patterns in children and adults with differing severity with SARS-CoV-2.It was a prospective, observational study, including 84 patients. Patients with moderate/severe disease had higher cytokines' values than patients with mild disease (p< 0.001).Two IFN genes were selected to build a decision tree for severity classification: SOCS1 (representative of the rest of the IFN genes) and CIITA (inverse correlation). Low values of CIITA and high values of SOCS1 indicated severe disease. This method correctly classified 33/38(86.8%) of children and 27/34 (79.4%) of adults. To conclude, patients with severe disease had an elevated cytokine pattern, which correlated with the IFN response, with low CIITA and high SOCS1 values.This study was supported by the projects PI18/00223, FI19/00208 and PI21/00211 to LA, integrated in the Plan Nacional de I + D + I and co-financed by the ISCIII– Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria – and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), by Pla Estratègic de Recerca i Innovació en Salut (PERIS), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya (SLT006/17/00199 to LA), and by CERCA Program/Generalitat de Catalunya. It was also partially funded by the Stavros Niarchos Foundation (SNF), Banco Santander, and other private donors of ‘‘KidsCorona platform’’ from Hospital Sant Joan de Déu.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version