Illustrations of accounting policy disclosure : a survey of applications of APB opinion no. 22; Financial report survey, 36

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Su alcune piante nuove delle Isole Pelagie

On some new plants to Pelagic islands (Straits of Sicily) \u2013 Fifteen vascular plants belonging to the families Aizoaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Myoporaceae, Orobanchaceae, Oxalidaceae, Portulacaceae and Solanaceae are reported as new to one or both the major Pelagic islands. With the exception of Narcissus serotinus and Orobanche minor, they are non-native plants, probably of recent human introduction, mostly in areas heavily modified by man. Myoporum insulare, widely used for reforestation and for ornament, occurs also in sub and semi-natural environments

Dynamical evolution of the Schottky barrier as a determinant contribution to electron–hole pair stabilization and photocatalysis of plasmon-induced hot carriers

The harnessing of plasmon-induced hot carriers promises to open new avenues for the development of clean energies and chemical catalysis. The extraction of carriers before thermalization and recombination is of fundamental importance to obtain appealing conversion yields. Here, hot carrier injection in the paradigmatic Au-TiO2 system is studied by means of electronic and electron-ion dynamics. Our results show that pure electronic features (without considering many-body interactions or dissipation to the environment) contribute to the electron–hole separation stability. These results reveal the existence of a dynamic contribution to the interfacial potential barrier (Schottky barrier) that arises at the charge injection pace, impeding electronic back transfer. Furthermore, we show that this charge separation stabilization provides the time needed for the charge to leak to capping molecules placed over the TiO2 surface triggering a coherent bond oscillation that will lead to a photocatalytic dissociation. We expect that our results will add new perspectives to the interpretation of the already detected long-lived hot carrier lifetimes and their catalytical effect, and concomitantly to their technological applications

Key role of anions in the 2D-3D electrochemical deposition of Rh on Ag electrodes

We have studied the electrochemical deposition of Rh on polycrystalline Ag substrates from electrolytes containing chloride and sulphate anions. Chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry have been employed in order to elucidate the growth mechanism. Anions play a key role in the growth mechanism and the resulting structures. In the presence of sulphate anions Rh deposition follows a 3D nucleation - growth mechanism, while a 2D nucleation - growth is obeyed in the case of electrolytes containing chloride anions. Ab initio thermodynamics studies support the hypothesis that chloride anions stabilize the Rh deposition favouring a 2D mechanism at low overpotentials in good agreements with the experimental data.Fil: Schulz, Eduardo Nicolás. Universitat Ulm; AlemaniaFil: Ruderman, Andres. Universitat Ulm; AlemaniaFil: Soldano, Germán. Universitat Ulm; Alemania. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: García, Silvana G.. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ingeniería Química. Instituto de Ingeniería Electroquímica y Corrosión; ArgentinaFil: Santos, Elizabeth del Carmen. Universitat Ulm; Alemania. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; Argentin

Bosentan and macitentan prevent the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in systemic sclerosis: in vitro study.

Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by early vascular abnormalities and subsequent fibroblast activation to myofibroblasts, leading to fibrosis. Recently, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), a complex biological process in which endothelial cells lose their specific markers and acquire a mesenchymal or myofibroblastic phenotype, has been reported in SSc. In the present study, we evaluated the ability of endothelin-1 (ET-1) dual receptor antagonists bosentan (BOS) and macitentan (MAC) to antagonize EndoMT in vitro. Methods: Ten women with limited SSc were enrolled. They underwent double skin biopsy (affected and nonaffected skin). Fibroblasts and microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) were isolated from biopsies. We performed mono- or coculture of MVECs (isolated from nonaffected skin) with fibroblasts (isolated from affected skin and stimulated with ET-1 and transforming growth factor beta [TGF-\u3b2]). In cocultures, the MVEC layer was left undisturbed or was preincubated with BOS or MAC. After 48 h of coculture, MVECs were analyzed for their tube formation ability and for messenger RNA and protein expression of different vascular (CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor-A [VEGF-A], VEGF-A165b) and profibrotic (alpha-smooth muscle actin [\u3b1-SMA], collagen type I [Col I], TGF-\u3b2) molecules. Results: After 48 h, MVECs showed a reduced tube formation ability when cocultured with SSc fibroblasts. CD31 and VEGF-A resulted in downregulation, while VEGF-A165b, the antiangiogenic isoform, resulted in upregulation. At the same time, mesenchymal markers \u3b1-SMA, Col I, and TGF-\u3b2 resulted in overexpression in MVECs. Tube formation ability was restored when MVECs were preincubated with BOS or MAC, also reducing the expression of mesenchymal markers and restoring CD31 expression and the imbalance between VEGF-A and VEGF-A165b. Conclusions: With this innovative EndoMT in vitro model realized by coculturing nonaffected MVECs with affected SSc fibroblasts, we show that the presence of a myofibroblast phenotype in the fibroblast layer, coupled with an ET-1-TGF-\u3b2 synergic effect, is responsible for EndoMT. BOS and MAC seem able to antagonize this phenomenon in vitro, confirming previous evidence of endothelium-derived fibrosis in SSc and possible pharmacological interferenc

Ultracompact, low-loss directional couplers on InP based on self-imaging by multimode interference

We report extremely compact (494-µm-long 3 dB splitters, including input/output bends), polarization-insensitive, zero-gap directional couplers on InP with a highly multimode interference region that are based on the self-imaging effect. We measured cross-state extinctions better than 28 dB and on-chip insertion losses of 0.5 dB/coupler plus 1 dB/cm guide propagation loss at 1523 nm wavelength

Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 4

In this contribution, new data concerning the Italian distribution of alien vascular flora are presented. It includes new records and exclusions for Italy or for Italian administrative regions of taxa in the genera Cedrus, Cenchrus, Citrus, Cyrtomium, Diospyros, Elaeagnus, Erigeron, Iris, Oenothera, Pavonia, Phytolacca, Styphnolobium, and Verbena. Furthermore, a new combination in the genus Amaranthus is proposed

Tissue distribution and molecular profile of a differentiation antigen detected by a monoclonal antibody (345.134S) produced against human melanoma cells

The mouse IgG2a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 345.134S, secreted by a hybridoma derived from a mouse immunized with cultured human melanoma cells, reacts with an 85,000-dalton glycopolypeptide which is disulfide-bridged to a 30,000-dalton polypeptide having little if any covalently attached carbohydrate. The 115,000-dalton complex is peripheral rather than integral in its association with the plasma cell membrane. Indirect immunofluorescence of cryostat thin sections of human tissues with the MoAb 345.134S showed (1) strong staining of the sebaceous glands and basal layer of normal hyperpigmented skin; (2) weak staining of the basal layer of normal pigmented skin and epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract, parotid, renal proximal tubules, thyroid, and urinary bladder; and (3) no staining of melanocytes, mammary gland, lung, brain cortex, or liver. The staining pattern of tissues from a 20-week-old fetus is similar to that of tissues from adults. The MoAb 345.134S stained some cases of virtually all tumors tested, including some derived from normal tissues non-reactive with the antibody; intensity of staining of tumors was in general much greater than in normal tissues. The expression of the antigen detected by MoAb 345.134S in a panel of cultured human tumor cells did not correlate with the expression of other tumor-associated antigens or with HLA-A,B or Ia-like antigens. The MoAb 345.134S can mediate complement- and cell-dependent lysis of cultured human tumor cells. The lack of correlation between the extent of immune lysis and the expression of the antigen detected by MoAb 345.134S as well as the effect of puromycin on antibody-mediated cell-dependent lysis indicated that factors other than antigen density play a significant role in the outcome of immune lytic reactions mediated by this monoclonal antibody.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/46847/1/262_2004_Article_BF00205375.pd