Significance of intraepithelial lymphocytes in appendix

The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of the increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in the mucosa of the appendix. One hundred and four retrospective appendectomy specimens were examined to evaluate the IELs. Intraepithelial lymphocytosis was identified in 11.5% (12 cases) of the specimens. Of these 12 cases, 6 cases with intraepithelial lymphocytosis were associated with parasitic infection. No increase in IELs was found in the 36 appendices that. were removed in other primary operations

Evaluation Of C-Met, Hgf, And Her-2 Expressions In Gastric Carcinoma And Their Association With Other Clinicopathological Factors

Background Met and HER-2 are proto-oncogenes encoding receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met and HER-2, respectively. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a ligand of c-Met. The frequency of c-Met, HGF, and HER-2 expressions in gastric cancer and their association with other clinicopathological factors have not been fully understood. Patients and methods Patients with stage 1–4 disease were analyzed. Expressions of c-Met, HGF, and HER-2 were examined using immunohistochemistry. Results A total of 143 patients, 97 males and 46 females, were included. C-Met scores were 3(+) in 31.5%, 2(+) in 27.3%, and 1(+) in 10.5% of the patients. There was no statistically significant difference in age, sex, tumor location, differentiation, Lauren classification, TNM staging, presence of distant metastasis, depth of tumor invasion (T), lymphovascular invasion, and survival between c-Met subgroups. Overall HGF positivity was 20.6%. HER-2 scores were 3(+) in 9.1%, 2(+) in 9.8%, and 1(+) in 16.1% of the patients. HER-2 overexpression was associated with better differentiation, intestinal subtype, and advanced stage. C-Met overexpressions were 84.6% in the HER-2-overexpression-positive group and 56.2% in the HER-2-overexpression-negative group. There were no statistically significant differences in survival between the high c-Met-expression-positive and -negative stage 3 and stage 4 patients and between the HGF-positive and -negative groups. The mean survival was 11.6±6.3 months in the HER-2-overexpression-positive stage 4 group and 11.9±6.8 months in the HER-2-overexpression-negative stage 4 group. There were no statistically significant differences in survival between the two groups. Conclusion c-Met was not associated with any prognostic factors in gastric cancer. HER-2 was associated with better differentiation, intestinal subtype, advanced stage, and c-Met overexpression.PubMedWoSScopu

Chronic anemia due to watermelon stomach

Antral gastric vascular ectasia is a rare cause of chronic anemia. When encountered, the diagnosis is usually delayed. Endoscopic findings are well established, although radiologic findings are not. Patients respond well to surgery. Our case was of a 62-year-old female with chronic anemia who required multiple blood transfusions and iron replacement therapy, without significant response. Computed tomography revealed a focal thickening of the gastric antrum. Endoscopy showed vascular ectasia between the antrum and corpus. The patient underwent gastrectomy. We reviewed the literature on gastric angiodysplasia and have presented our unique tomography findings in this first report on a novel association between ectopic pancreas and gastric angiodysplasia

A Resampling-Based Markovian Model For Automated Colon Cancer Diagnosis

In recent years, there has been a great effort in the research of implementing automated diagnostic systems for tissue images. One major challenge in this implementation is to design systems that are robust to image variations. In order to meet this challenge, it is important to learn the systems on a large number of labeled images from a different range of variation. However, acquiring labeled images is quite difficult in this domain, and hence, the labeled training data are typically very limited. Although the issue of having limited labeled data is acknowledged by many researchers, it has rarely been considered in the system design. This paper successfully addresses this issue, introducing a new resampling framework to simulate variations in tissue images. This framework generates multiple sequences from an image for its representation and models them using a Markov process. Working with colon tissue images, our experiments show that this framework increases the generalization capacity of a learner by increasing the size and variation of the training data and improves the classification performance of a given image by combining the decisions obtained on its sequences.Wo

Two-Tier Tissue Decomposition For Histopathological Image Representation And Classification

In digital pathology, devising effective image representations is crucial to design robust automated diagnosis systems. To this end, many studies have proposed to develop object-based representations, instead of directly using image pixels, since a histopathological image may contain a considerable amount of noise typically at the pixel-level. These previous studies mostly employ color information to define their objects, which approximately represent histological tissue components in an image, and then use the spatial distribution of these objects for image representation and classification. Thus, object definition has a direct effect on the way of representing the image, which in turn affects classification accuracies. In this paper, our aim is to design a classification system for histopathological images. Towards this end, we present a new model for effective representation of these images that will be used by the classification system. The contributions of this model are twofold. First, it introduces a new two-tier tissue decomposition method for defining a set of multityped objects in an image. Different than the previous studies, these objects are defined combining texture, shape, and size information and they may correspond to individual histological tissue components as well as local tissue subregions of different characteristics. As its second contribution, it defines a new metric, which we call dominant blob scale, to characterize the shape and size of an object with a single scalar value. Our experiments on colon tissue images reveal that this new object definition and characterization provides distinguishing representation of normal and cancerous histopathological images, which is effective to obtain more accurate classification results compared to its counterparts.Wo

The Effects of Aspirin, Flurbiprofen, and No-Donating Acetylsalicylic Acid (Ncx 4016) on Mice Models of Endotoxic and Septic Shock

Background/aim: Nitric oxide-donating nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NO-NSAIDs) are a promising new class of antiinflammatory agents, which are obtained by adding NO-donating moieties to the existing conventional NSAID molecules. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aspirin, flurbiprofen, and NO-donating acetylsalicylic acid (NCX 4016) on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and endotoxin-induced septic shock (LPS) models in mice. Materials and methods: Overall survival and spleen and liver weights were monitored in LPS and CLP models. Histopathological examinations of liver and spleen were performed at the end of the experimental protocols. Results: NCX 4016 was able to reverse the increased spleen weight in CLP-operated animals, whereas aspirin or flurbiprofen did not. Similar to the results of the CLP model, none of the drugs modified the survival rates in the LPS model. Flurbiprofen in particular produced significant histopathological damage in spleens and livers, which was less significant with aspirin. NCX 4016 did not cause any liver damage. Conclusion: NCX 4016 has the potential to be used in septic states, while special attention has to be paid to the effects of aspirin and flurbiprofen on the liver and spleen.WoSScopu

Intramuscular Chondroid Lipoma: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnosis by 'Fat Ring Sign'

Background: Chondroid lipoma is an extremely rare variant of benign lipomatous lesions that is composed of lipoblasts, mature fat, and chondroid matrix. Although benign lipomatous lesions are the most common soft tissue tumors and imaging findings are often pathognomonic, there have been few reports describing the imaging features of chondroid lipoma. Case Report: We present magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of a pelvic intramuscular chondroid lipoma in a 59 year-old man and describe a "fat ring sign" that may be useful to diagnose this rare tumor radiologically. Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging findings of a chondroid lipoma may be heterogenous according to the distribution of the fatty and chondroid tissue. However, in the presence of "fat ring sign," radiologists should consider a diagnosis of chondroid lipoma preoperatively.WoSScopu

Color Graphs For Automated Cancer Diagnosis And Grading

This paper reports a new structural method to mathematically represent and quantify a tissue for the purpose of automated and objective cancer diagnosis and grading. Unlike the previous structural methods, which quantify a tissue considering the spatial distributions of its cell nuclei, the proposed method relies on the use of distributions of multiple tissue components for the representation. To this end, it constructs a graph on multiple tissue components and colors its edges depending on the component types of their endpoints. Subsequently, it extracts a new set of structural features from these color graphs and uses these features in the classification of tissues. Working with the images of colon tissues, our experiments demonstrate that the color-graph approach leads to 82.65% test accuracy and that it significantly improves the performance of its counterparts.Wo