Diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration cytology in parotid tumors

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness and accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of parotid gland tumors.Methods: We reviewed files of all patients who underwent parotidectomy for various parotid pathologies at Aga Khan University Hospital. Study design included a comparison between results of preoperative FNAC with final histopathological diagnosis. Galen & Ganbino method was used to calculate sensitivity and specificity of FNAC.Results: Among 50 patients reviewed, there was one false positive and 3 false negative results reported on FNAC. This gives a sensitivity of FNAC for reporting malignancy to be 74% and specificity to rule out malignancy 97%. No significant complications were reported while performing the procedure.CONCLUSION: FNAC is a safe and effective modality in diagnosis and treatment planning of patients with parotid tumors

Role of bone graft materials for cleft lip and palate patients: A systematic review

AbstractCleft lip and palate is a congenital anomaly. Its management requires a long term commitment, multidisciplinary and structured treatment. Treatment is initiated at infancy and continues till adolescence. Bone grafting is performed in order to provide bony stabilization for cleft maxillary alveolar arch and room for subsequent canine tooth eruption. The aim of this review was to discuss the success of various bone graft materials in managing unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate patients. For this purpose, a detailed literature search was performed using available electronic databases for peer reviewed papers published in English language. The review is based on published papers reporting the use of various bone graft materials for managing cleft lip and palate patients. The success of bone grafts was studied using the grading scales measuring the bone height at the grafted sites. Various types of bone graft materials including autogenous and allogenic were reviewed. Implant placement in cleft lip and palate patients required bone grafting after orthodontic expansion because of deficient bone in the anterior maxillary region. The grafted bone consequently provides stability and support to the maxillary alveolar arch. Success of bone graft as well as dental implants is multifactorial and therefore depends upon the type of bone graft, bone quality at cleft site and severity of cleft lip and palate

Potential use of natural silk for bio-dental applications

AbstractObjectivesSilks are protein polymers that are spun into fibres by silkworms and spiders under ambient conditions. Silk has been used as a biomaterial in a variety of biological applications for many years, whereas there are few applications in dentistry. The aim of this study was to explore the potential properties of natural silk for dental applications by determining the structure and features that make natural silk a biocompatible candidate.MethodsWe conducted a literature search through the recognized databases of medline, ISI web of science, SCOPUS, and EBASE to elucidate the natural properties of silk, its processing for biomedical applications and its use in dental applications.ResultsSilk has excellent natural properties, such as strength, resistance to light, temperature and humidity and biocompatibility. Once silk has been dissolved, it can be used to produce a variety of materials, such as films, gels, fibres, nanofibres, granules, foams, spheres and electrospun mats, on a micro or nano scale. Applications in dentistry include biomineralization, tissue engineering for scaffold applications and drug delivery.ConclusionsThere has been renewed research on silk-based materials for various biomedical applications, including dentistry

Neutrosophic Cubic Subalgebras and Neutrosophic Cubic Closed Ideals of B-algebras

The objective of this paper is to introduced the concept of neutrosophic cubic set to subalgebras, ideals and closed ideals of B-algebra. Links among neutrosophic cubic subalgebra with neutrosophic cubic ideals and neutrosophic closed ideals of B-algebras as well as some related properties will be investigated. This study will cover homomorphic images and inverse homomorphic images of neutrosophic cubic subalgebras, ideals and some related properties. The Cartesian product of neutrosophic cubic subalgebras will also be investigated

STRATEGY FORMULATION, STRATEGY CONTENT AND PERFORMANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM PRIVATE SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS IN PAKISTAN

This study tests the effects of strategy formulation and strategycontent on the organizational performance by using the frameworksuggested by Andrews, Boyne, Law and Walker (2009). Theindependent variable strategy formulation includes rationalplanning, logical instrumentalism and strategy process absence;whereas the independent variable strategy content, following thestudy of Miles and Snow (1978), includes prospecting, defendingand reacting. Three hundred and twenty five questionnaires weredistributed of which two hundred and seventeen were selected forinclusion in the study. The sample drawn was from organizationsspread across Pakistan. The unit of analysis was departments as eachdepartment has a different strategy. Results show that rationalplanning affected positively while logical incrementalism and strategyabsence negatively affect organizational performance. While forstrategy content, prospector, defenders and reactors were found to bepositively significant with organizational performance. Implicationsand future recommendations are provided

Facial antibioma formation: A case report.

Odontogenic infections are associated with a variety of microorganisms. Antibiotics are commonly used for the management of various dental infections and have a proven role in decreasing morbidity and mortality caused by infectious diseases. The frequent and over usage of antibiotics has been associated with a number of consequences such as the selection of drug resistant strains, and the formation of antibiomas. Antibiomas are characterized by the formation of a localized pathology surrounded by thick fibrous tissues in response to long term antibiotics use. An established antibioma is characterized by a tough fibrous swelling accompanied by painful or painless swelling, intermittent fever and constitutional symptoms. In this article, we are reporting the case of a facial antibioma formed due to prolonged use of antibiotics prescribed for a residual periapical infection following endodontic treatment. In addition, the association of using antibiotics in this context is discussed