THE EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE, INFLATION, CAPITAL AND LABOR FORCE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDONESIA

AbstractThe study aimed to analyze the influence of exchange rate, Inflation, capital and labor force on economic growth in Indonesia. The data in this study are secondary data sourced from the Central Bureau of Statistics and Bank Indonesia which include data on the rupiah exchange rate against the dollar, inflation, gross domestic fixed capital formation, and labor rate. Analysis of this research based on the Cobb-Douglas Production Function by using the ordinary least square method (OLS) recursively. The results showed that the capital positively affects economic growth. By recursive method, inflation and exchange rate have a significant effect on economic growth. Inflation in particular has a significant negative impact on economic growth through interest rates and capital. However, the amount of labor has no significant effect on economic growth. This means that the government needs to reduce the inflation rate to be able to reduce the interest rate to increase the amount of capital and ultimately increase economic growth in Indonesia

Economic Growth Disparity among the Regions in Aceh, Indonesia

Abstract - This study aims at investigating the extent of cumulative causation effect on economic growth disparity across the regions: Basajan-Pijay, Northeast, South-West, and Central-Inland in the Aceh Province, Indonesia. It also includes some others factors in determining economic growth disparity such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, the concentration of economic activity areas, Human Development Index (HDI), the labour productivity of the region, the allocation of public investment as well as the accessibility among regions in the Aceh Province. To capture the goals of this study, it uses panel data during the period 2000 to 2010 consisting of 23 districts/cities of Aceh Province. The results show that the potential conditions for convergence because the dominant factor affecting the disparity without entering variable cumulative effect, the concentration of economic activity among regions have positive and negatively affected HDI. By entering variable cumulative effects, it turns HDI to have a negative effect, while the cumulative effect of the growth of inter-regional and the GDP per capita were positive. Thus, it can be said that the economic disparity among regions has the potential for convergence if and only if there is a policy intervention by the government in improving the quality of education, health, and consumer purchasing power to reduce the disparity. It is recommended that the Government of Aceh and District/City Government should encourage the growth of GDP per year, equal to or above the average growth of the national economy in order to increase labour productivity so that economic prosperity has also increased (spread effect is greater than backwash effect) because workings of the cumulative effect of growth within the region and among regions. Keywords      :   Disparity, Backwash effect, Spread Effect, Economic Growth, AcehPaper Type :     Research Pape

Economic Growth Disparity Among the Regions in Aceh, Indonesia

- This study aims at investigating the extent of cumulative causation effect on economic growth disparity across the regions: Basajan-Pijay, Northeast, South-West, and Central-Inland in the Aceh Province, Indonesia. It also includes some others factors in determining economic growth disparity such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, the concentration of economic activity areas, Human Development Index (HDI), the labour productivity of the region, the allocation of public investment as well as the accessibility among regions in the Aceh Province. To capture the goals of this study, it uses panel data during the period 2000 to 2010 consisting of 23 districts/cities of Aceh Province. The results show that the potential conditions for convergence because the dominant factor affecting the disparity without entering variable cumulative effect, the concentration of economic activity among regions have positive and negatively affected HDI. By entering variable cumulative effects, it turns HDI to have a negative effect, while the cumulative effect of the growth of inter-regional and the GDP per capita were positive. Thus, it can be said that the economic disparity among regions has the potential for convergence if and only if there is a policy intervention by the government in improving the quality of education, health, and consumer purchasing power to reduce the disparity. It is recommended that the Government of Aceh and District/City Government should encourage the growth of GDP per year, equal to or above the average growth of the national economy in order to increase labour productivity so that economic prosperity has also increased (spread effect is greater than backwash effect) because workings of the cumulative effect of growth within the region and among regions. Keywords : Disparity, Backwash effect, Spread Effect, Economic Growth, AcehPaper Type : Research Pape

FINANCIAL DEEPENING DAN KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the effect of macro variables in the form of real GDP, exchange rate,inflation and deposit rates against Financial Deepeningin Indonesia, as well as to analyze the effect of FinancialDeepening on poverty alleviation in Indonesia. Thisstudy uses time series data from 2000 to 2017. The modelused is Multiple Linear Regression Analysis and SimpleRegression Analysis using Microsoft Excel 2003software, Herodes 1.4, SPSS 24, and Eviews 8. Theresults show that with the level of confidence 95 percent,real GDP, exchange rate and interest rate have positiveeffect on Financial Deepening, while inflation does notaffect Financial Deepening. Furthermore, FinancialDeepening has a negative effect on the number of poorpeople. The government should make more efforts instabilizing Indonesia's macroeconomic conditionsthrough appropriate policies to keep the value of moneystable. It is suggested for further research to add otherfinancial deepening indicators such as credit ratio ordeposit ratio so that it can be done comparison ofanalysis, and can include other independent variablesuch as investment. In addition it can also examine thestate of financial deepening other countries to becomparable to the state of Indonesia, and using othermethods

Seroepidemiologic Assessment Of Malaria Using An Elisa For Ring-infected Erythrocyte Surface Antigen Of Plasmodium Falciparum

Zat anti terhadap antigen permukaan dari sel eritrosit yang terinfeksi dengan parasit bentuk cincin (Ring-infected Erythrocyte Surface Antigen/RESA) Plasmodium falcipa­rum telah diukur dari sera yang dikumpulkan di Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, dan Irian Ja­ya. Untuk mendeteksi IgG terhadap RESA tersebut digunakan ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay). Dari pengukuran tersebut menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara RESA ELISA dengan pengukuran epidemiologis transmisi malaria secara konvensional. Pada tulisan ini diuraikan tentang prosedur standar untuk melakukan RESA ELISA dan membahas hal-hal yang menguntungkan maupun keterbatasan-keterbatasan dalam ekstrapolasi data untuk menggambarkan perkiraan transmisi malaria

Treatment of Chloroquine-Resistant \u3ci\u3ePlasmodium vivax\u3c/i\u3e with Chloroquine and Primaquine or Halofantrine

Optimal therapy gor infection by chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax has not been established. From 1992 to 1994 during three separate studies, 147 Javanese residents of Irian Jaya infected by P. vivax were treated with either chloroquine (2 5 mg of base/kg during 3 days or 10mg of base/kg in one dose) plus primaquine (1 0 mg/kg during 28 days or 2.5 mg/kg during 3 days)( n = 78), chloroquine plus placebo( n = 50), or halofantrine (24 mg base/kg in 12 h; n = 19). There was no difference in tolerance to or side effects of any of the regimens. Within 14 days of starting therapy, therapeutic failure among these patients was 44% for chloroquine, 5% for chloroquine plus primaquine (P \u3c .001), and 0 for halofantrine (P \u3c .001). After 28 days, therapeutic failure was 78%, 15%, and 6% respectively. Thus, chloroquine plus primaquine in combination and halofantrine alone are effective therapies for chloroquine-resistant P. vivax

The Effect of Global Prices of Crude Palm Oil, Marketing Margins and Palm Oil Plantations on the Environmental Destruction: An Application of Johansen Cointegration Approach

As the most important factor in the world, palm oil is a crucial element that contributed to economic growth of a country. Besides as a role of the important vegetables oil, palm oil also gives a negative effect on environment through expanding the palm oil plantation. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of global crude palm oil (CPO) price, marketing margins, and palm oil plantations on environmental destruction in the short-term and long-term. For examining the short-term and long-term effect, this study used Johansen Cointegration approach involving the bivariate causality with the Pirwise Granger Causality test and multivariate causality relationships with the Wald test. Also, we analyzed the responds of independent variables to dependent variable using impulse response (IRF) and variance decomposition (VD). This study used a monthly secondary data starting on 2008 to 2017 i.e. Environmental Quality Index, Global CPO price, Marketing margins and palm oil plantations. The data collected from 5 sources i.e. Central Bureau of Statistic (BPS), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Trade Organization, Central Bank of Indonesia (BI) and the Central Bank of Malaysia (BNM). The results of analysis shows that there is long-term relationship of global CPO price, marketing margins, and palm oil plantations on environmental quality index. For short run, this study found that global CPO price has a significant positive effect on environmental quality index. Meanwhile, the size of palm oil plantation and marketing margins have a significant negative effect on environmental quality index in Indonesia. Also, using the bivariate test, this study proves that there is one way causality relationship between the global CPO prices, marketing margins and size of oil palm area on environmental quality index. In addition, the global CPO prices and marketing margins fluctuations causing shock in environmental quality index. Keywords: Global Crude Palm Oil Prices, Marketing Margin, Palm Oil Plantations, Environmental Quality Index JEL Classifications: C01, C50, Q43, Q51 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.801

Ivermectin Inhibits Molting of \u3ci\u3eWuchereria bancrofti\u3c/i\u3e Third Stage Larvae In Vitro

The effect of ivermectin or diethylcarbamazine (DEC) on Wuchereria bancrofti molting from the third to the fourth larval stage (L3 to L4) was evaluated in vitro. L3 larvae were harvested from laboratoryreared Aedes togoi 2 wk after feeding upon a microfilaremic human volunteer. The larvae were kept in an artificialm edium (Franke\u27s NI medium) with 10% human serum under an atmosphere of 5% CO2 for 20 days. Experimental tubes also contained ivermectin (0.1-1,000 ng/ml) or DEC (0.1-10,000 ng/ml). An estimated concentration of 50 ng/ml ivermectin inhibited molting in 50% of the larvae expected to molt. For DEC, this value was roughly 1,000 ng/ml. In this in vitro culture system, ivermectin inhibited the L3 to L4 molt of W. bancrofti and was roughly 20-fold more potent in this activity than DEC