The observing campaign on the deep-space debris WT1190F as a test case for short-warning NEO impacts

On 2015 November 13, the small artificial object designated WT1190F entered the Earth atmosphere above the Indian Ocean offshore Sri Lanka after being discovered as a possible new asteroid only a few weeks earlier. At ESA's SSA-NEO Coordination Centre we took advantage of this opportunity to organize a ground-based observational campaign, using WT1190F as a test case for a possible similar future event involving a natural asteroidal body. <P /

Minerals content and distribution in milk from red deer (Cervus elaphus), fallow deer (Dama dama) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)

The characterization of milk from red deer (Cervus elaphus, ReD), fallow deer (Dama dama, FaD) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus, RoD) was carried out in this study, focusing on mineral contents and their dis- tribution between the soluble and colloidal phases of milk. Individual milk samples were collected from 23 ReD hinds, 31 FaD does, and 5 RoD does. The concentrations (mg/100 g) of minerals in milk were as follows(mean±SD):Ca,ReD=273±33,FaD=234±46,RoD=418±101;P,ReD=191±15,FaD=158±16, RoD=316±46; Mg, ReD=18±2, FaD=29±7, RoD=24±2; Na, ReD=41±7, FaD=41±8, RoD=45±3; K,ReD=126±6,FaD=120±17,RoD=140±16.The%ofmineralsinthesolublephaseofmilkwereasfol- lows (mean±SD): Ca, ReD=27±6, FaD=27±3, RoD=22±3; P, ReD=30±6, FaD=28±6, RoD=30±1; Mg,ReD=57±10,FaD=55±9,RoD=51±15.Atmicellarlevel,thecontentsofCa,PandMg(mmol/100g casein) resulted as follow: Ca, ReD = 0.79 ± 0.12, FaD = 0.68 ± 0.16, RoD = 0.96 ± 0.15; P, ReD = 0.65 ± 0.10, FaD=0.54±0.09, RoD=0.83±0.08; Mg, ReD=0.05±0.01, FaD=0.08±0.01, RoD=0.06±0.02

The Second International Asteroid Warning Network Timing Campaign: 2005 LW3

The Earth close approach of near-Earth asteroid 2005 LW3 on 2022 November 23 represented a good opportunity for a second observing campaign to test the timing accuracy of astrometric observation. With 82 participating stations, the International Asteroid Warning Network collected 1046 observations of 2005 LW3 around the time of the close approach. Compared to the previous timing campaign targeting 2019 XS, some individual observers were able to significantly improve the accuracy of their reported observation times. In particular, U.S. surveys achieved good timing performance. However, no broad, systematic improvement was achieved compared to the previous campaign, with an overall negative bias persisting among the different observers. The calibration of observing times and the mitigation of timing errors should be important future considerations for observers and orbit computers, respectively.Funder: Institute of Cosmos SciencesUniversity of Barcelona (CEX2019-000918-M); European Union (PID2021-122842OB-C21);Full text license: CC BY</p