Pengaruh Penggunaan Fungisida Sintetis Dan Trichoderma SP. Secara Tunggal Atau Gabungan Terhadap Penyakit Hawar Pelepah Daun Padi Effect of Synthetic Fungicidal Application Alone or Mixed with Trichoderma SP. on Sheat Blight of Rice

This research aimed at knowing the application effect of synthetic fungicide tebuconazole 25% alone or mixed with Trichoderma sp. on sheath blight disease and rice yield. The research was carried out at the Plant Disease Laboratory and the experimental field, the Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Jenderal Soedirman. Split Plot Design was used with Trichoderma sp. as main factor consisted of without and with antagonistic Trichoderma sp. applied on rice at 15, 30, and 45 and 55 days after transplanting (dat), and concentration of tebuconazole -1 25% as sub-plot consisted of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g l . The combination was repeated three times. Variables observed were incubation period, disease intensity, phytoxicity, effectiveness of the fungicide, number of young crops, and dry weight of harvested unhulled rice. Data were analyzed with F test and continued with LSD at level of 5%. Result of the research pointed out that average of incubation period was in the range of 20-30 dat. The application of Trichoderma sp. at 15 and 30 dat could suppress the disease development around 17.01 and 10.73%, respectively. The fungicide tebuconazole 25% applied at all concentration could suppress the disease development around 20.01-23.34%; did not cause toxicity to the crops, less effectiveness, and could not increase the numbers of young crops and rice yield. Trichoderma sp. applied at 15, 30, 45, and 55 dat could not increase the numbers of young crops and rice yield. The combination did not affect the disease intensity, numbers of young crops, and rice yield

Pengaruh Aplikasi Pseudomonas Fluorescens P60 Terhadap Mutu Patologis, Mutu Fisiologis, Dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Padi Ir 64

Effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 on pathological and physiological quality and growth of rice IR 64 seedlings. The research objectives were (1) detection and identification of seed-borne pathogens of IR 64 rice, (2) testing Pseudomonas fluorescents P60 in inhibiting the in vitro growth of seed-borne pathogens colonies, (3) testing P. fluorescents P60 for pathological and physiological seed quality, and (4) testing P. fluorescents P60 on the growth of seedlings in the greenhouse. The results showed that some seed-borne pathogens can be found both on farmers' IR 64 rice and factory's; they were Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria padwickii, Pseudomonas glumae, and P. syringae. Application of P. flourescens P60 was able to inhibit the in vitrogrowth of colonies of all seed-borne pathogens, except P. syringae. Related to pathological quality, the effect of P. flourescens P60 on percentage of seed-borne pathogens attack did not significantly different from that of benomil but smaller than distilled water. On the physiological quality of seeds, treatment of P. flourescens P60 has the same effect with benomil and distilled water, with germination rate was more than 80%. In the greenhouse study,treatment of seed immersion time in P. flourescens P60 suspension showed that the effect of immersion time as long as15 minutes and 25 minutes on seedling height, root length, and seedling dry weightdid not significantly different. were. However, 25 minutes immersion time resulted in fresh seedling weight and root dry weight higher than that of 15 minutes immersion time

Tanggapan Beberapa Varietas Terung Terhadap Penyakit Layu Bakteri Dan Pengendalian Hayatinya Dengan Pseudomonas Fluorescens Response of Some Varieties of Eggplant on Bacterial Wilt Disease and Its Biocontrol Asing Pseudomonas Fluorescens

Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui tanggapan beberapa varietas terung terhada p enyakit layu bakteri yang disebabkan oleh Ralstonia Solanacearum dan pengadilan hayatinya dengan Pseudemanos fluorescens, dilakukan dilaboratorium dan rumah kaca pandak, bantul, Jogjakarta. Penelitian in vitro dirancang dalam bentuk rancangan acak lengkap, dengan perlakuan antagonis P. fluorescen dihadapkan dengan R. soalanacearum dalam medium agar, dan diulang 10 kali, pengujian secara in planta dirancang dalam bentuk rancangan Acak kelompok, dengan factor yang dicoba :1) variates terung, yaitu marunasu, chunasu, mitonasu, dan kopek (control), dan 2) konsentrasi P. fluorescens, yaitu control, 106, 107, dan 108 upk/ml. setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang 3x. variable yang diamati adalah zona penghambatan, masa inkubasi, intensitas penyakit, jumlah koloni P. flourescens. Tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun bobot basah tanaman, dan bobot kering tanaman, hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variates terung kopek (variates local)merupakan variates yang tahan dan diantara variates Jepang. Mitonasu adalah variates yang tahan. Konsentrasi P. fluorescens yang efektif terhadap empat terung adalah 108 upk/ml, dengan intensitas penyakit yaitu 5,90 persen

Virulensi Fusarium Oxysporum F.sp. Zingiberi Isolat Boyolali dan Temanggung Setelah Disimpan Enam Tahun dalam Tanah Steril

This research aimed to study growth ability and virulence of several Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi isolates originated from Boyolali and Temanggung after being preserved for six years in sterile soils media. Completely Randomized Design was used with 12 treatments and 3 replications. F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi originated from Temanggung consisted of 7 isolates, i.e., TKO1, TKO3, TKO4, TKO6, TKO7, TPO1, TPO5; and from Boyolali consisted of 4 isolates, i.e., BAO2, BAO7, BAC, and BAP. Variables observed were growth on PDA, colony color, colony diameter, macroconidia and microconidia, mycelial dry weight, incubation period, attack area, and difference of fresh weight of rhizome. The result showed that all isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi both from Temanggung and Boyolali were able to grow well on PDA and fully covered the Petridish at 4.75–7.5 days. The most virulent isolate was TKO6 from Temanggung showing the fastest incubation period of 5 days after inoculation and the highest attack area of 420 mm2 or increase for 107.6%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui viabilitas dan virulensi beberapa isolat Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi setelah disimpan selama enam tahun pada tanah steril. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan tiga ulangan dan 12 perlakuan. Isolat F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi yang digunakan asal Temanggung terdiri atas tujuh isolat, yaitu TKO1, TKO3, TKO4, TKO6, TKO7, TPO1, dan TPO5; asal Boyolali terdiri atas empat isolat, yaitu BAO2, BAO7, BAC, dan BAP. Parameter yang diamati adalah pertumbuhan isolat pada medium PDA, warna koloni, diameter koloni, makrokonidium dan mikrokonidium, berat kering miselium, masa inkubasi, luas serangan, dan selisih berat basah rimpang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua isolat F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi asal Temanggung dan Boyolali, yang telah disimpan dalam medium tanah steril selama enam tahun, masih tumbuh de-ngan baik pada medium PDA dan memenuhi cawan Petri pada umur 4,75–7,5 hari. Isolat yang paling virulen adalah TKO6 asal Temanggung dengan masa inkubasi tercepat yaitu 5 hari setelah inokulasi dan luas serangan pada rimpang sebesar 420 mm2 atau ada peningkatan sampai 107,6

Pengaruh Macam Dan Waktu Aplikasi Fungisida Nabati Terhadap Perkembangan Penyakit Antraknosa Pada Pisang Lepas Panen the Effect of Kinds and Application TIME of Botanical Fungicides on Anthracnose Development of Postharvest Banana

Research aimed at knowing kinds, concentration, and application time of botanical fungicides on development of anthracnose in vitro and in vivo, and organoleptic test on postharvest banana. The in vitro test was arranged by factorial based on Completely Randomized Design with kinds of the fungicides, i.e., leaves extract of neem, soursop, or pepper betle as the first factor and concentration as the second one. The in vivo one was designed with Split-Split Plot Design, as main plot, subplot, and sub-subplot were kinds of the fungicides, injury or inoculation, and application time, respectively. Result of the research pointed out that leaves extract of pepper betle 30% had the same ability to suppress anthracnose fungus in vitro with benomyl. However, the leaves extract of neem 30% given before injury or inoculation was the best treatment to decrease the disease as 63.13%. The botanical fungicides did not affect aroma, color, and taste of banana

Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Cair dan Asap Cair dalam Pengendalian Xanthomonas Oryzae Pv. Oryzae dan Pyricularia Grisea pada Padi Gogo Galur G136

Increment of upland rice production in Indonesia faces many problems mainly from kresek caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and blast caused by Pyricularia grisea. The use of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) and liquid smoke provides an alternative method to control the pathogen. This research aimed at knowing the potency of the leaf fertilizer applied to the soil and the liquid smoke to control the disease in G136 line's rice and on the crop growth. Randomized Block Design was used with six treatments and replicated four times. The treatments were control without liquid smoke, control with 2% liquid smoke, using 2 ml l-1 LOF Biosena without or with 2% liquid smoke, and using 4 ml l-1 LOF Biosena without or with 2% liquid smoke. The variables observed were incubation period, disease intensity, infection rate, crop height, number of shoots, weight of 1,000 grains and rice production per hectare. The result of the research showed that treatment using the leaf LOF applied to the soil of 4 ml l-1 or 2 ml l-1, and combining with 2% liquid smoke was not able to suppress the kresek and blast development in G136 line. All treatment influenced the number of shoots and the crop height plants, but didn't influence the weight of 1,000 grains and the rice production per hectare. INTISARIPeningkatan produksi padi gogo di Indonesia menemui banyak kendala di antaranya adalah penyakit kresek yang disebabkan oleh Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae dan penyakit blas yang disebabkan Pyricularia grisea. Penggunaan pupuk organik cair (POC) dan asap cair merupakan salah satu alternatif dalam pengendalian patogen ini. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi POC daun yang diaplikasikan pada tanah dan asap cair dalam menekan serangan penyebab penyakit pada padi gogo galur G136 serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri atas enam perlakuan dan empat ulangan, yaitu kontrol tanpa asap cair, kontrol menggunakan asap cair 2%, 2 ml/l POC Biosena tanpa asap cair dan menggunakan asap cair 2%, 4 ml/l POC Biosena tanpa asap cair dan menggunakan asap cair 2%. Variabel yang diamati adalah masa inkubasi, intensitas penyakit, laju infeksi, tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, bobot 1.000 bulir, dan produksi padi per hektar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan POC daun yang diaplikasikan pada tanah dengan dosis 4ml/l dan 2 ml/l, serta asap cair 2% belum mampu menekan perkembangan penyakit kresek dan blas pada tanaman padi gogo galur G136. Perlakuan berpengaruh terhadap jumlah anakan dan tinggi tanaman tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap bobot 1.000 bulir dan produksi padi per hektar

Perkembangan Penyakit Diplodia pada Tiga Isolat Botryodiplodia Theobromae Path dan Peran Toksin dalam Menekan Penyakit pada Jeruk (Citrus Spp.)/Diplodia Disease Development And Toxin Of Three Isolates Botryodiplodia Theobromae Path. On Citrus (Citrus Spp)

Diplodia disease (Botryodiplodia theobromae) spread quite widely in Indonesia citrus center. Severe attacks of disease can cause death if it not controlled. The purpose of this study was determine the pathogenicity and the effect of toxins from three isolates of B. theobromae origin Pasuruan and Magetan on tangerine, pummelo, and sweet orange varieties. The study was conducted at Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Research Institute during November 2015 – May 2016. This observation consisted of two experiments that pathogenicity test in screenhouse and crude toxin of patogen test in laboratory. Pathogenicity test used randomized block design arranged as factorial. The first factor was three isolates: Mg52A.1, Mg39.2 (from Magetan), Ps8b (from Pasuruan) and the second factor were kind of citrus (pummelo, tangerine , and sweet orange). The observation parameter consist of the incubation period, the number of necrotic samples and visual symptom. Crude toxin test treatment consists of a control test toxin without toxins, crude toxin Mg52A.1, crude toxin Mg39.2 toxin, crude toxin Ps8b. Application toxin carried out on the three leaf varieties of oranges. Each treatment was repeated three times and each consists of two leaves of different varieties. The results showed that the incubation period Mg39.2 isolates faster than two other isolates. Infection with different isolates and treatment of different citrus varieties shows that it did not different significantly in causing disease symptom of diplodia. Similarly result on crude toxin treatment with three isolates on three varieties showed that it were not different necrotic symptom. Thus the three isolates of pathogens B.theobromae origin from Pasuruan and Magetan have the same pathogenicity in causing disease symptoms in citrus pummelo, tangerine, and sweet orange. Toxin only play a role in accelerating the incubation period