Entre o projeto de modernidade e a efetivação da democracia: marcas deixadas na construção da vida social brasileira Between projecting modernity and putting democracy into practice: marks left in the construction of the Brazilian social life

O presente artigo retoma algumas interpretações sobre o projeto de modernidade, aproximando-as de alguns elementos da formação social brasileira, considerando sua estreita relação para a afirmação e valorização da democracia no Brasil. Além disso, destacam-se interpretações sobre o processo de redemocratização da sociedade brasileira que ressaltam a importância da prática dos movimentos sociais para a validação desse processo.<br>The present article resumes some interpretations of the project of modernity. It approaches them to some elements of the Brazilian social formation, considering the narrow relationship for the affirmation and the valuation of democracy in Brazil. Moreover, the article stresses the interpretations of the redemocratization of the Brazilian society that show how important the practice of the social movements was to the validation of such a process

Constructing (Film) art: Bourdieu's field model in a comparative context

In this paper we seek to apply Bourdieu’s approach to consecration, legitimacy and autonomization in the fields of art to the struggle to legitimize film as art.We examine the efficacy of Bourdieu’s theory in relation to the early ‘film-as-art’ campaign as it received institutional expression in the profoundly different economic, social and cultural circumstances of Brazil and Britain in the 1920s and 1930s. After tracing the broad history of film art movements in each case,we employ Bourdieu’s concepts of heteronomy/autonomy and degree of consecration as the principal axes in mapping the fields of film art in Britain and Brazil.We then compare the conditions of possibility for failure or success in institutionally establishing film as art in the two cases, and conclude with an evaluation of the utility of Bourdieu’s model when applied to film art in such diverse social, cultural and political circumstances

Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger

International audienceOn 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of $\sim 1.7\,{\rm{s}}$ with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg(2) at a luminosity distance of ${40}_{-8}^{+8}$ Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 $\,{M}_{\odot }$. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at $\sim 40\,{\rm{Mpc}}$) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One-Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ∼10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position $\sim 9$ and $\sim 16$ days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC 4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta