Aristotle's doctrine of the evolution of society, with special reference to the first book of the politics;: together with a brief consideration of the relevance of this doctrine to recent developments of communities in certain parts of west Africa.

The study deals generally with Aristotle's ethical and political philosophy; the primary theme, however, is Aristotle’s theory of the nature of society as expounded in the First Book of the Politics. The study, therefore refrains from going into the details of the so-called primitive elements in Greek culture, and of questions like exogamy, endogamy, totemism etc. which bulk so largely in works like G. Thomson's "Studies in Ancient Greek Society". The introduction deals with earlier conceptions of man and society as reflected in the conception of dúois gives some close attention to Protagoras' doctrine of the development of society as expressed in Plato's 'Protagoras'. Chapter 2 examines Plato's conception of dúois and relates this to his theory of man and society. Chapter 3 critically examines the various conceptions of dúois ascribed to Aristotle, especially in so far as those views imply judgements on Aristotle's doctrines in the Politics. Chapter k examines Aristotle's conception of human nature, and of the relation of Ethics to Politics. Chapter 5 examines the Greek Household and Aristotle's conception of the nature of the Household. Chapter 6 deals with Aristotle's theory of slavery. Chapter 7 gives an account of the Greek village or clan-community the development of the village-community is reviewed with reference to the emergence of the state and Aristotle’s conception of the role of the village in the developed state. Attention is here drawn to the 'tribal' , elements in Aristotle's political thought. Chapter 8 examines Aristotle's conception of the nature of the city-state. Attention is drawn to both the merits and the inadequacies of Aristotle's conception of the state through a close examination of his conception of (a) political justice and (b) friendship or social sympathy. Finally, though no special attempt has been made in the study to gig into the primitive past of Greek culture, it is argued that the society which Aristotle analysed has sufficient similarities to some West African societies to make his categories applicable to those societies. These similarities are more obvious in family and religious customs, but even, in more political terms, what Aristotle says of the clan-village contains lessons relevant to the study of any 'tribally' based society

Uses of Cucumis metuliferus: A Review

Abstract: The main constraint of people in the developing world to modern medicine is poverty. This has led individuals to ancient times where uses of plants as a cure for various ailments are cheaper and easy to assess. People in the developing countries or rural areas rely on traditional medicine for their primary health care, majority of which use plants or their active principles. Another world wide problem is increase resistance of pathogens to commercial drugs; this has also necessitated a search for new antimicrobial substances from other sources, including plants. The plant Cucumis metuliferus and other plants of the family Cucurbitaceae have been reported to have medicinal value; this review is aimed at revealing some of the diseases or ailments that are treated with the plant Cucumis metuliferus

Characterization of corn, cassava, and commercial flours: Use of amylase‐rich flours of germinated corn and sweet potato in the reduction of the consistency of the gruels made from these flours—Influence on the nutritional and energy value

Malnutrition appears in weaning age and is usually due to weaning food which is of low nutritional value. This problem led us to investigate the study of the physicochemical and functional properties of cassava flours and corn flours, and the fluidification of the gruels made from these flours by germinated yellow corn and sweet white potato flours. To do this, the approximate chemical composition, physical and functional properties, and ability of amylase‐rich flours to digest the starch in order to reduce consistency were evaluated. From these analyses, it emerges that the chemical composition, and physical and functional properties are influenced by the nature and the treatment undergone by the flours. It appears that the amylase‐rich flours that we used at a concentration of 1%–3% during the preparation of the gruels significantly reduced their consistencies. Given their strong liquefying power, this reduction was more marked with germinated corn flour where 1% permits to obtain desired consistency with 21.50 g of DM of bitter cassava flour, thereby multiplying the energy density and nutritional value of this flour by 5.18. It also appears that the action of flours rich in amylases was depending on the concentration, the nature of the flour, its composition, and the treatment undergone. In view of all these results, we can therefore consider the formulation of a weaning food with the consistency, and energy and nutritional value necessary for the proper growth of children