The look of the con: Eleven thoughts on the historical absence of subtitles in film analysis

This article considers the lack of dialogue between Audio-Visual Translation and Film & Media Studies, despite the fact that both disciplines clearly have shared interests in the content of audio-visual texts. The apparent lack of any developed and consistent overlap between these areas of study is the starting point for a series of eleven ‘thoughts' that identify commonalities and differences in how film and television texts might be studied and analysed. Inspired and led by the specific example of a scene from Ocean’s Eleven (2001), the article explores the potential for interdisciplinary research collaborations through ideas of authorship, genre, history, technology, industry labour, and reception and audience studies. While identifying areas where different theories might clash or complicate collaboration, the article also highlights potent areas where shared experience and different perspectives could enrich both fields

Long-Lived Plasma Cells and Memory B Cells Produce Pathogenic Anti-GAD65 Autoantibodies in Stiff Person Syndrome

Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a rare, neurological disorder characterized by sudden cramps and spasms. High titers of enzyme-inhibiting IgG autoantibodies against the 65 kD isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) are a hallmark of SPS, implicating an autoimmune component in the pathology of the syndrome. Studying the B cell compartment and the anti-GAD65 B cell response in two monozygotic twins suffering from SPS, who were treated with the B cell-depleting monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody rituximab, we found that the humoral autoimmune response in SPS is composed of a rituximab-sensitive part that is rapidly cleared after treatment, and a rituximab-resistant component, which persists and acts as a reservoir for autoantibodies inhibiting GAD65 enzyme activity. Our data show that these potentially pathogenic anti-GAD65 autoantibodies are secreted by long-lived plasma cells, which may either be persistent or develop from rituximab-resistant memory B lymphocytes. Both subsets represent only a fraction of anti-GAD65 autoantibody secreting cells. Therefore, the identification and targeting of this compartment is a key factor for successful treatment planning of SPS and of similar autoimmune diseases

Differential regulation of glutaredoxin gene expression in response to stress conditions in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Glutaredoxins are small heat-stable proteins that are active as glutathione-dependent oxidoreductases and are encoded by two genes, designated GRX1 and GRX2, in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We report here that the expression of both genes is induced in response to various stress conditions including oxidative, osmotic, and heat stress and in response to stationary phase growth and growth on non-fermentable carbon sources. Furthermore, both genes are activated by the high-osmolarity glycerol pathway and negatively regulated by the Ras-protein kinase A pathway via stress-responsive STRE elements. GRX1 contains a single STRE element and is induced to significantly higher levels compared to GRX2 following heat and osmotic shock. GRX2 contains two STRE elements, and is rapidly induced in response to reactive oxygen species and upon entry into stationary phase growth. Thus, these data support the idea that the two glutaredoxin isoforms in yeast play distinct roles during normal cellular growth and in response to stress conditions

The peak of the oil age - Analyzing the world oil production reference scenario in world energy outlook 2008

The assessment of future global oil production presented in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2008 (WEO 2008) is divided into 6 fractions; four relate to crude oil, one to non-conventional oil, and the final fraction is natural-gas-liquids (NGL). Using the production parameter, depletion-rate-of-recoverable-resources, we have analyzed the four crude oil fractions and found that the 75. Mb/d of crude oil production forecast for year 2030 appears significantly overstated, and is more likely to be in the region of 55. Mb/d. Moreover, analysis of the other fractions strongly suggests lower than expected production levels. In total, our analysis points to a world oil supply in 2030 of 75. Mb/d, some 26. Mb/d lower than the IEA predicts.The connection between economic growth and energy use is fundamental in the IEA's present modelling approach. Since our forecast sees little chance of a significant increase in global oil production, our findings suggest that the ". policy makers, investors and end users" to whom WEO 2008 is addressed should rethink their future plans for economic growth. The fact that global oil production has very probably passed its maximum implies that we have reached the Peak of the Oil Age. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd.Kjell Aleklett, Mikael Höök, Kristofer Jakobsson, Michael Lardelli, Simon Snowden and Bengt Söderberghhttp://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/30414/description#descriptio

Human stress responses in office-like environments with wood furniture

Stress is a major public health concern and work stress is a contributor to both acute and chronic stress. Moreover, most people spend the majority of their time indoors. It follows that the design of office spaces and other interior environments should consider the health impacts of individuals in terms of psychophysiological responses to stress. In this way, buildings can act as an environmental intervention to compliment social and therapeutic interventions to stress. In this study, human stress responses were compared in experimental office settings with and without wood. The hypothesis was that the office setting with wood furniture would reduce stress responses and improve stress recovery as indicated by salivary cortisol concentration. The within-subjects experiment revealed that overall stress levels were lower in the office-like environment with oak wood than the control room, but there was no detectable difference in stress levels between the office-like environment with walnut wood and the control room. Stress recovery was not found to differ between either environment, possibly because duration of the experiment was too short or that not enough samples were taken during the recovery period