16,403 research outputs found
Quantum state tomography by continuous measurement and compressed sensing
The need to perform quantum state tomography on ever larger systems has
spurred a search for methods that yield good estimates from incomplete data. We
study the performance of compressed sensing (CS) and least squares (LS)
estimators in a fast protocol based on continuous measurement on an ensemble of
cesium atomic spins. Both efficiently reconstruct nearly pure states in the
16-dimensional ground manifold, reaching average fidelities FCS = 0.92 and FLS
= 0.88 using similar amounts of incomplete data. Surprisingly, the main
advantage of CS in our protocol is an increased robustness to experimental
imperfections
The progenitor and early evolution of the Type IIb SN 2016gkg
We report initial observations and analysis on the Type IIb SN~2016gkg in the
nearby galaxy NGC~613. SN~2016gkg exhibited a clear double-peaked light curve
during its early evolution, as evidenced by our intensive photometric follow-up
campaign. SN~2016gkg shows strong similarities with other Type IIb SNe, in
particular with respect to the \he~emission features observed in both the
optical and near infrared. SN~2016gkg evolved faster than the prototypical
Type~IIb SN~1993J, with a decline similar to that of SN~2011dh after the first
peak. The analysis of archival {\it Hubble Space Telescope} images indicate a
pre-explosion source at SN~2016gkg's position, suggesting a progenitor star
with a mid F spectral type and initial mass \msun, depending on
the distance modulus adopted for NGC~613. Modeling the temperature evolution
within of explosion, we obtain a progenitor radius of
\rsun, smaller than that obtained from the analysis of the
pre-explosion images (\rsun).Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to ApJ Letter
Loop structure of the lowest Bloch band for a Bose-Einstein condensate
We investigate analytically and numerically Bloch waves for a Bose--Einstein
condensate in a sinusoidal external potential. At low densities the dependence
of the energy on the quasimomentum is similar to that for a single particle,
but at densities greater than a critical one the lowest band becomes
triple-valued near the boundary of the first Brillouin zone and develops the
structure characteristic of the swallow-tail catastrophe. We comment on the
experimental consequences of this behavior.Comment: 4 pages, 7 figure
The Ethnic 'Other' in Ukrainian History Textbooks: The Case of Russia and the Russians
This paper examines portrayals of Russia and the Russians in two generations of Ukrainian history textbooks. It observes that the textbooks are highly condemning of Ukraine's main ethnic other in the guise of foreign ruler: the tsarist authorities and the Soviet regime are always attributed dubious and malicious intentions even if there is appreciation for some of their policies. By contrast, the books, certainly those of the second generation, refrain from presenting highly biased accounts of the ethnic other as a national group (i.e. Russians). Instances where negative judgements do fall onto Russians are counterbalanced by excerpts criticizing ethnic Ukrainians or highlighting conflicting interests within the Ukrainian ethnic group. The negative appraisal of the ethnic other as foreign ruler is clearly instrumental for the nation-building project as it sustains a discourse legitimating the existence of Ukraine as independent state. However, recent trends in history education, the paper concludes, suggest that the importance of nurturing patriotism as a national policy objective is diminishing
The CLEO-III Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detector
The CLEO-III Detector upgrade for charged particle identification is
discussed. The RICH design uses solid LiF crystal radiators coupled with
multi-wire chamber photon detectors, using TEA as the photosensor, and
low-noise Viking readout electronics. Results from our beam test at Fermilab
are presented.Comment: Invited talk by R.J. Mountain at ``The 3rd International Workshop on
Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detectors," a research workshop of the Israel Science
Foundation, Ein-Gedi, Dead-Sea, Israel, Nov. 15-20, 1998, 14 pages, 9 figure
WASP-30b: a 61 Mjup brown dwarf transiting a V=12, F8 star
We report the discovery of a 61-Jupiter-mass brown dwarf, which transits its
F8V host star, WASP-30, every 4.16 days. From a range of age indicators we
estimate the system age to be 1-2 Gyr. We derive a radius (0.89 +/- 0.02 RJup)
for the companion that is consistent with that predicted (0.914 RJup) by a
model of a 1-Gyr-old, non-irradiated brown dwarf with a dusty atmosphere. The
location of WASP-30b in the minimum of the mass-radius relation is consistent
with the quantitative prediction of Chabrier & Baraffe (2000), thus confirming
the theory.Comment: As accepted for publication in ApJL (6 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
Nontrivial quantized Berry phases for itinerant spin liquids
Quantized Berry phases as local order parameters in t-J models are studied. A
texture pattern of the local order parameters is topologically stable due to
the quantization of non-Abelian Berry phases defined by low-energy states below
a spin gap, which exists in the large J/t case with a few electrons. We have
confirmed that itinerant singlets in the wide class of t-J models carry the
nontrivial Berry phase pi. In the large J/t case for the one-dimensional t-J
model, Berry phases are uniformly pi when the number of electrons is N =4n +2,
().Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
A small superconducting grain in the canonical ensemble
By means of the Lanczos method we analyze superconducting correlations in
ultrasmall grains at fixed particle number. We compute the ground state
properties and the excitation gap of the pairing Hamiltonian as a function of
the level spacing . Both quantities turn out to be parity dependent and
universal functions of the ratio ( is the BCS gap). We
then characterize superconductivity in the canonical ensemble from the scaling
behavior of correlation functions in energy space.Comment: 11 pages Revtex, 5 figures .ep
Superconductivity on the threshold of magnetism in CePd2Si2 and CeIn3
The magnetic ordering temperature of some rare earth based heavy fermion
compounds is strongly pressure-dependent and can be completely suppressed at a
critical pressure, p, making way for novel correlated electron states close
to this quantum critical point. We have studied the clean heavy fermion
antiferromagnets CePdSi and CeIn in a series of resistivity
measurements at high pressures up to 3.2 GPa and down to temperatures in the mK
region. In both materials, superconductivity appears in a small window of a few
tenths of a GPa on either side of p. We present detailed measurements of
the superconducting and magnetic temperature-pressure phase diagram, which
indicate that superconductivity in these materials is enhanced, rather than
suppressed, by the closeness to magnetic order.Comment: 11 pages, including 9 figure
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