Darwinian Selection and Non-existence of Nash Equilibria

We study selection acting on phenotype in a collection of agents playing local games lacking Nash equilibria. After each cycle one of the agents losing most games is replaced by a new agent with new random strategy and game partner. The network generated can be considered critical in the sense that the lifetimes of the agents is power law distributed. The longest surviving agents are those with the lowest absolute score per time step. The emergent ecology is characterized by a broad range of behaviors. Nevertheless, the agents tend to be similar to their opponents in terms of performance.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Expression of a human cartilage procollagen gene (COL2A1) in mouse 3T3 cells.

Expression in a recombinant system has been difficult to obtain for any of the major fibrillar collagens that require processing by eight or more post-translational enzymes. Here, two DNA constructs were designed so that the promoter region of the gene for the pro-alpha 1(I) chain of human type I procollagen drove expression of the human type II procollagen gene in mouse NIH 3T3 cells, a culture line that normally synthesizes type I procollagen but not any cartilage-specific protein such as type II procollagen. Both constructs were expressed as both mRNA and protein. In clones expressing the construct at high levels, the steady-state levels of mRNA and the production of type II procollagen were comparable to the mRNA levels and production of type I procollagen from the endogenous mouse genes. Comparison of clones containing the two constructs demonstrated that sequences extending 80 base pairs beyond the major polyadenylation signal of the gene are not in themselves sufficient for correct termination and 3\u27 processing of RNA transcripts. The results strongly suggest that specific sequences present in a downstream 3.5-kilobase SphI/SphI fragment determine the termination of the transcription. Of special importance is that the system will make it possible to examine the consequences of mutations in the human type II procollagen gene on the processing of RNA transcripts and on the functional properties of the protein simply by using the genomic DNA from leukocytes or other non-cartilaginous sources

La regulación de la violencia o intimidación como causal de contradicción en el Proceso Único de Ejecución, PERÚ -2023

La presente investigación denominada “La regulación de la violencia o intimidación como causal de contradicción en el Proceso Único de Ejecución, PERÚ - 2023” tiene por objetivo principal determinar de qué manera la regulación de la violencia o intimidación como causal de contradicción influiría el derecho de contradicción en el Proceso Único de Ejecución. Asimismo, nos propusimos los siguientes objetivos específicos. Estos son: Determinar doctrinariamente los supuestos del derecho de contradicción en el Proceso Único de Ejecución, a fin de determinar la necesidad de su desarrollo, analizar como la regulación de la violencia o intimidación como causal de contradicción influiría el derecho de contradicción y proponer la regulación de la violencia o intimidación como causal de contradicción en el Proceso Único de Ejecución. Respecto al enunciado del problema, se plantea la siguiente cuestionante: ¿De qué manera la regulación de la violencia o intimidación como causal de contradicción influiría el derecho de contradicción en el Proceso Único de Ejecución? Proponiendo como hipótesis que la regulación de la violencia o intimidación como causal de contradicción, influiría el derecho de contradicción en el Proceso Único de Ejecución garantizando de una mejor manera la aplicación de los principios procesales de contradicción, debido proceso y tutela jurisdiccional efectiva. Respecto a la metodología se aplicaron los siguientes métodos: doctrinario, hermenéutico–jurídico, deductivo, sistemático, exegético, descriptivo-explicativo y analítico-sintético, desde un diseño de investigación no experimental. Asimismo, se emplearon técnicas e instrumentos que permitieron determinar que la regulación de la violencia o intimidación como causal de contradicción afectaría el derecho de contradicción, siendo necesario su incorporación en el Proceso Único de EjecuciónThe present investigation called "" The regulation of violence or intimidation as a cause of contradiction in the Single Execution Process, PERU - 2023"" has as its main objective to determine how the regulation of violence or intimidation as a cause of contradiction would influence the right of contradiction in the Single Execution Process. Likewise, we set ourselves the following specific objectives. These are: Determine doctrinally the assumptions of the right of contradiction in the Single Execution Process, in order to determine the need for its development, analyze how the regulation of violence or intimidation as a cause of contradiction would influence the right of contradiction and propose the regulation of violence or intimidation as a cause of contradiction in the Single Execution Process. Regarding the statement of the problem, the following question arises: In what way does the regulation of violence or intimidation as a cause of contradiction would influence the right of contradiction in the Single Execution Process? Proposing as a hypothesis that the regulation of violence or intimidation as a cause of contradiction would influence the right of contradiction in the Single Execution Process, better guaranteeing the application of the procedural principles of contradiction, due process and effective jurisdictional protection. Regarding the methodology, the following methods will be applied: doctrinal, hermeneutical-legal, deductive, systematic, exegetical, descriptive-explanatory and analytical-synthetic, from a non-experimental research design. Likewise, techniques and instruments were used that allowed determining that the regulation of violence or intimidation as a cause of contradiction would affect the right of contradiction, its incorporation into the Single Execution Process is necessaryTesi

About French Vernacular Traditions: Medieval Roots of Modern Theatre Practices

The article gives an overview of the writing processes of theatre performances in medieval France. At the crossroads of all processes is the original (the Book, le Livre, les originaux) containing the full text, and from which all kind of copies were produced for different reading practices – entertainment, meditation, devotion, teaching, learning – identified by specific content, layout and material features. With the case study of Maistre Pierre Pathelin, a late fifteenth-century comedy, is shown how the text varies in the performance process and extemporizing practices of professional players, and finally sediments in its written circulation. Detail of the same process can be closely observed with the Mystère des Trois Doms, a great urban play of the early sixteenth century for which, exceptionally, both the Book and an account register of a unique performance have come to us. We conclude that, in the medieval history of theatre performance in France, the author is as much corporate as individual, and that extemporizing practices of professional players, from the thirteenth to the fifteenth century may well be a key in understanding the origins of the Italian commedia dell’arte which is generally presented as the beginning of modern professional theatre practices.

La réforme musicale à la Santissima Annunziata de Florence (1478-1485) et la politique religieuse de Lorenzo de’ Medici

The edition and complete analysis of maestro Antonio Alabanti’s Memoriale – who was Prior of the Santissima Annunziata in Florence between November 1477 and June 1485 – has revealed the record of his general reform of the convent (rule, architecture, economy, liturgy, music), on the eve of the presentation of his accounts in May 1484. The prior’s particular financial capacities enabled him to prepare a budget of ‘ordinary spendings’ (spese ordinarie), where music was the second most important item. On this basis, and by using information found in the payment receipts (ricevute), we can see the establishment of a permanent body of ten external singers (forastieri), together with a group of convent friars paid for the office of singing. The role of Lorenzo de’ Medici is also considered. He designated his personal singer, Arnolfo da Francia, alias Arnoul Gréban, for this musical reform. The general reform of the convent is interpreted within a body of reforms taking place at the same time in other religious houses in Florence, where Lorenzo was intervening not only as operaio or provedditore of an Arte, the civic body controlling these religious houses, but also as the administrator of the Church of Florence, in place of the archbishop Raynaldo Orsini, who had delivered him a blank cheque to act in his name.

Electron-Diffraction Investigation of the Hexafluorides of Tungsten, Osmium, Iridium, Uranium, Neptunium, and Plutonium

An electron‐diffraction investigation has been made by the sector–microphotometer method on WF_6, OsF_6, IrF_6, UF_6, NpF_6, and PuF_6. The photographs of all these compounds reflect a phase shift which if not accounted for leads to asymmetric structures for the molecules. It sets in at smaller values of s=4πλ^(−1) sin (θ/2) the heavier the molecule and the greater the electron wavelength. There is good evidence for the symmetrical octahedral structure of all the compounds. The metal–fluorine distances were found to be 1.833 Å (W–F), 1.831 Å (Os–F), 1.830 Å(Ir–F), 1.996 Å (U–F), 1.981 Å (Np–F), and 1.971 Å (Pu–F), with estimated limits of error of ±0.008 Å except for ±0.010 Å for Pu–F

Corrosion-Resistant Steel Reinforcing Bars Initial Test

The initial portion of the first phase of a five phase research effort to evaluate a corrosionresistant steel for reinforcing bars is descnoed. Rapid corrosion potential and time-to-corrosion (macrocell) tests are used. The test specimen consists of a No. 5 reinforcing bar embedded in a 30 mm diameter, 102 nnn long cylinder of mortar. The mortar is made using portland cement, graded Ottawa sand, and deionized water. Four different steel types are evaluated: hot-rolled regular steel, Thermex treated (quenched and tempered) regular steel, hot-rolled corrosion resistant steel, and Thermex treated corrosion resistant steeL Corrosion potential tests are perlbrmed to determine the tendency of a steel to corrode. The results for these tests are fuirly consistent, with little scatter. There is no significant difference in potentials for the four steels. The use of different test solutions did not influence the potential of the four steels. The macrocell tests are perlbrmed to determine the time-to-corrosion and the corrosion rates. The results for some of these tests are not consistent and show considerable scatter. The macrocell test is sensitive to the quality in the specimen fabrication. Because the initial tests in Phase I did not perform as intended, it is difficult to determine for certain which steel has the best corrosion resistance based on the resUlts reported here. However, the hot rolled regular steel specimens consistently exluoit the highest corrosion rate. The test solutions used at the anode and cathode in the macrocell tests appear to influence the corrosion rate and the difference in rates between the four steels. When the difference in pH of the anode and cathode solutions is decreased, the corrosion rates are reduced and the difference between the rates for the four steels is more pronounced. Based on the results of the Phase I initial tests, some modifications to the specimen fabrication procedure are reconnnended. The epoxy band should be applied in two coats. The reinforcing bar lengths should be heated after cleaning and after applying each coat in order to improve the bond between the reinforcing bar and the first epoxy coat as well as between the two coats of epoxy. Special care should be exercised when applying the epoxy band. Addition work in Phase I includes an evaluation of the effects of changing the ratio of the number of cathode to anode specimens from 3:3 to 2:1. Special care should also be exercised in the oversight of the corrosion potential and macrocell tests

Verfahrensweisen der Transformation religiösen Wissens in französischen und deutschen Passionsspielen: Passion des Arnoul Gréban, Donaueschinger und Frankfurter Passionsspiel

Zweitveröffentlichun