Estimate of halo ellipticity as a function of radius with flexions

The cold dark matter theory predicts triaxial dark matter haloes. The radial distribution of halo ellipticity depends on baryonic processes and the nature of dark matter particles (collisionless or collisional). Here we show that we can use lensing flexion ratios to measure the halo ellipticity as a function of radius. We introduce a weight function and study the relationship between the first and second order statistics of flexion ratios, both of which can be used to reduce the bias in the estimate of ellipticity. we perform numerical tests for our method, and demonstrate that it can reduce the bias and determine the halo ellipticity as a function of radius. We also point out that the minimum mean flexion ratio can be used to trace the centres of galaxy clusters.Comment: 9 pages,9 figures, MNRAS accepte

[N,N'-bis(2-thiobenzylidene)-1,2-phenylenediaminato]nickel(II)

Metals in Catalysis, Biomimetics & Inorganic Material

Structure and reactivity of mono(cyclopentadienyl)vanadium alkynyl and aryne complexes

Starting from CpVCl(2)(PMe(3))(2) (1) the paramagnetic mono- and bis(phenylethynyl) complexes CpVCl(2-n)(C=CPh)(n)(PMe(3))(2) [n=1 (2), 2 (3)] have been synthesized. Both compounds were characterized by X-ray diffraction and were found to be thermally more stable than other CpV(III) hydrocarbyl complexes. The CpV(III) bis(phenyl) complex CpVPh(2)(PMe(3))(2) (5) decomposes at ambient temperature through beta-hydrogen abstraction to give the first isolated vanadium benzyne complex, CPV(eta(2)-C6H4)(PMe(3))(2) (6). The molecular structure of 6 indicates that this compound can best be described as a high-spin d(2) vanadium(III) benzometallacyclopropene. The cyclopropene character is expressed in the reactivity of 6, showing insertion of unsaturated substrates. Insertion of diphenylacetylene gives CpV(eta(2)-PhC=CPhC(6)H(4))(PMe(3))(2) (7), with a planar vanadaindene structure, whereas terminal alkenes CH2=CRR' (R = H, Me; R' = H, Me) insert regioselectively to give beta-substituted metallaindanes CpV(eta(2)-CH(2)CRR'C6H4)PMe(3) (R and R' = H, 8a; R = H, R' = Me, 8b; R and R' = Me, 8c), which show a low thermal stability in case one of the beta-substituents is a hydrogen. With t-BuCN double insertion followed by rearrangement of the intermediate diazametallacycle gives the isoindolenine-substituted vanadium(III) imido complex CpV[NC(t-Bu)N=C(t-Bu)C6H4](PMe(3))(2) (9). The benzyne complex 6 reacts with dihydrogen to form the known triple-decker CpV(C6H6)VCp through partial hydrogenation of the benzyne ligand

Vertebroplasty versus sham procedure for painful acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VERTOS IV):Randomised sham controlled clinical trial

Objective To assess whether percutaneous vertebroplasty results in more pain relief than a sham procedure in patients with acute osteoporotic compression fractures of the vertebral body. Design Randomised, double blind, sham controlled clinical trial. Setting Four community hospitals in the Netherlands, 2011-15. Participants 180 participants requiring treatment for acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were randomised to either vertebroplasty (n=91) or a sham procedure (n=89). Interventions Participants received local subcutaneous lidocaine (lignocaine) and bupivacaine at each pedicle. The vertebroplasty group also received cementation, which was simulated in the sham procedure group. Main outcome measures Main outcome measure was mean reduction in visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at one day, one week, and one, three, six, and 12 months. Clinically significant pain relief was defined as a decrease of 1.5 points in VAS scores from baseline. Secondary outcome measures were the differences between groups for changes in the quality of life for osteoporosis and Roland-Morris disability questionnaire scores during 12 months’ follow-up. Results The mean reduction in VAS score was statistically significant in the vertebroplasty and sham procedure groups at all follow-up points after the procedure compared with baseline. The mean difference in VAS scores between groups was 0.20 (95% confidence interval −0.53 to 0.94) at baseline, −0.43 (−1.17 to 0.31) at one day, −0.11 (−0.85 to 0.63) at one week, 0.41 (−0.33 to 1.15) at one month, 0.21 (−0.54 to 0.96) at three months, 0.39 (−0.37 to 1.15) at six months, and 0.45 (−0.37 to 1.24) at 12 months. These changes in VAS scores did not, however, differ statistically significantly between the groups during 12 months’ follow-up. The results for secondary outcomes were not statistically significant. Use of analgesics (non-opioids, weak opioids, strong opioids) decreased statistically significantly in both groups at all time points, with no statistically significant differences between groups. Two adverse events occurred in the vertebroplasty group: one respiratory insufficiency and one vasovagal reaction. Conclusions Percutaneous vertebroplasty did not result in statistically significantly greater pain relief than a sham procedure during 12 months’ follow-up among patients with acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

Novel Concave Building Block for the Synthesis of Organic Hosts

Contains fulltext : 10065.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Synthesis and Binding-Properties of Basket-Shaped Hosts

Contains fulltext : 10080.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

The trapping of Gd3+ excitation energy by Cr3+ and rare earth ions in GdAlO3

The trapping of Gd3+ excitation energy by several activator ions in GdAlO3 is reported. The activator ions are Cr3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Tb3+, Dy3+ Er3+ and Tm3+. If a broad, allowed absorption band of the activator overlaps with the 6I or 6P levels of Gd3+, efficient trapping is possible via multipolar interaction (trapping rate 106±s−1). Exchange interaction is responsible for trapping by rare-earth ions without such allowed absorption bands (trapping rate 103±s−1). At very low temperatures Gd3+ traps can act as efficient trapping centres, resulting in Gd3+ trap emission. The emission of Fe3+ on octahedral sites is also reported

X-Ray Structures of Mononuclear and Dinuclear Cu(Ii) Complexes of Novel Pyridine Crown-Ether Ligands

Contains fulltext : 10120.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access