Review of the Cloacininae Stossich (Nemata: Strongyloidea) from Australasian marsupials (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea)

The nematode sub-family Cloacininae from Australasian macropodoid marsupials is reviewed. Keys are provided to all genera and species currently known. A revised definition of the sub-family and detailed generic diagnoses are provided. For each species, full synonymies and literature citations are included along with known hosts, geographical distributions and associated DNA sequence data. A brief morphological synopsis of each species is provided together with illustrations of the morphological features needed for identification using the keys. Due to uncertainties relating to the division of the sub-family into tribes, only the nominal allocation to tribe is provided. Two new genera are erected, Sacculostrongylus n. gen. for S. ochetocephalus (Beveridge, 1986) n. comb., formerly placed within Monilonema Beveridge & Johnson, 1981, and Thylicostrongylus n. gen., for several species formerly placed in Wallabinema Beveridge, 1983

The epidermis and sensory organs of Dugesia tigrina (Turbellaria: Tricladida)

The epidermis of D. tigrina was examined using the scanning electron microscope. Both dorsal and ventral surfaces are extremely irregular in contour, as well as being permeated by large numbers of pores. Cilia are restricted to the ventral surface, the auricles and that part of the dorsum adjacent to the auricles. Club-shaped receptors, as well as cilia, were seen in the auricles. The epidermis anteriad to the eyespots is indistinguishable from that covering the remainder of the dorsal surface. Light rays could not enter the eyespot through this rough epidermal surface without becoming diffracted in an irregular fashion. It was therefore concluded that visual image perception is not a function of the planarian eyespot.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47672/1/441_2004_Article_BF00221599.pd

A new species of Pseudoacanthocephalus (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from the guttural toad, Sclerophrys gutturalis (Bufonidae), introduced into Mauritius, with comments on the implications of the introductions of toads and their parasites into the UK

Pseudoacanthocephalus goodmani n. sp. is described from faecal pellets collected from Sclerophrys gutturalis (Power, 1927), the guttural toad. The species is characterized by a suite of characters, including a proboscis armature of 14–18 longitudinal rows of 4–6 hooks with simple roots, lemnisci longer than the proboscis receptacle, equatorial testes, a cluster of elongated cement glands and eggs without polar prolongations of the middle membrane 72.6–85.8 long. The toad had been accidentally translocated from Mauritius to the UK in a tourist's luggage and survived a washing machine cycle. The guttural toad was introduced into Mauritius from South Africa in 1922 and the cane toad, Rhinella marina (Linneaus, 1758), from South America, between 1936 and 1938. It seems most likely, therefore, that P. goodmani was introduced, with the guttural toad, from South Africa. The cane toad is host to the similar species, Pseudoacanthocephalus lutzi, from the Americas, but P. lutzi has not been recorded from places where the cane toad has been introduced elsewhere. Clearly, the guttural toad is a hardy and adaptable species, although it seems unlikely that it could become established in Northern Europe. Nevertheless, any accidental translocation of hosts poses the potential risk of introducing unwanted pathogens into the environment and should be guarded against

Parasitic nematodes of the genus Syphacia Seurat, 1916 infecting Cricetidae in the British Isles: The enigmatic status of Syphacia nigeriana

Oxyurid nematodes (Syphacia spp.) from bank (Myodes glareolus) and field/common (Microtus spp.) voles, from disparate geographical sites in the British Isles, were examined morphologically and genetically. The genetic signatures of 118 new isolates are provided, based primarily on the rDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) region and for representative isolates also on the small subunit 18S rDNA region and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox-1) gene locus. Genetic data on worms recovered from Microtus spp. from the European mainland and from other rodent genera from the Palaearctic, North America and West Africa are also included. We test historical hypotheses indicating that S. nigeriana is a generalist species, infecting a range of different rodent genera. Our results establish that S. nigeriana is a parasite of both bank and field voles in the British Isles. An identical genotype was also recorded from Hubert's multimammate mouse (Mastomys huberti) from Senegal, but Mastomys spp. from West Africa were additionally parasitized by a related, although genetically distinct Syphacia species. We found no evidence for S. petrusewiczi in voles from the British Isles but isolates from Russia and North America were genetically distinct and formed their own separate deep branch in maximum likelihood molecular phylogenetic trees

Gastrointestinal nematodes of Paramelomys levipes and P. mollis (Rodentia Muridae) from Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea with the descriptions of three new genera and nine new species (Nematoda)

Smales, Lesley (2020): Gastrointestinal nematodes of Paramelomys levipes and P. mollis (Rodentia Muridae) from Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea with the descriptions of three new genera and nine new species (Nematoda). Zootaxa 4861 (4): 544-572, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4861.4.

Acanthocephala including the descriptions of new species of Centrorhynchus (Centrorhynchidae) and the redescription of Lueheia inscipta (Westrumb, 1821) (Plagiurhynchidae) from birds from Paraguay South America

Acanthocephala including descriptions of new species of Centro-rhynchus (Centrorhynchidae) and the redescription of Lueheia inscripta (Westrumb, 1821) (Plagiorhynchidae) from birds from Paraguay South America

Gastrointestinal nematodes of Paramelomys platyops (Rodentia: Muridae) from Papua Indonesia and Papua New Guinea with the descriptions of a new genus and five new species of Heligmonellidae (Nematoda: Trichostrongylina) and a key to the species of Hughjonestrongylus

Smales, Lesley (2019): Gastrointestinal nematodes of Paramelomys platyops (Rodentia: Muridae) from Papua Indonesia and Papua New Guinea with the descriptions of a new genus and five new species of Heligmonellidae (Nematoda: Trichostrongylina) and a key to the species of Hughjonestrongylus. Zootaxa 4679 (1): 107-125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4679.1.

Labiobulura (Archeobulura) leptomyidis Smales, 2006, n. sp.

<i>Labiobulura</i> (<i>Archeobulura</i>) <i>leptomyidis</i> n. sp. <p>(Figs 1–13)</p> <p> <b>Type Host:</b> <i>Leptomys ernstmayeri</i> Rümmler, 1932</p> <p> <b>Type locality:</b> Kawaya Village, Waruma Mountain, Milne Bay Province (9º 53'S, 149º 22'E), Papua New Guinea</p> <p> <b>Site in host:</b> caecum</p> <p> <b>Date of collection:</b> between 7 August 1992 and 7 September 1993 by P. German.</p> <p> <b>Type material:</b> Holotype male SAM AHC 33916; Allotype female SAM AHC 33917; Paratypes SAM AHC 33915, AM W.30078, W.30065, W.30079, W.30080, W.30081.</p> <p> <b>Other material:</b> from <i>Leptomys ernstmayeri</i> 10 males, 3 females from Munimum Village, Milne Bay Province (9º 53'S, 149º 23'E), coll. P. German between 11 August 1992 and 7 September 1993. From <i>Leptomys elegans</i> Thomas, 1897 3 males, 8 females from Iana River, west of Agaun (9º 87'S, 149º 35'E) coll. A. Englisi, 13 March 1985.</p> <p> <b>Etymology:</b> The specific name is taken from the host genus name.</p> <p> <b>Description:</b> Cuticle with fine annulations and fine longitudinal striations extending posteriorly from base of cervical alae. Cervical alae prominent, extend to base of oesophagus. Mouth opening, circular in outline, bounded by 6 simple lips, 4 submedians each with double papillae, 2 laterals with amphids. Inner circle of 6 smaller papillae not observed. Buccal capsule circular in cross section, with fine transverse ridge at about 1/2 its length; separating anterior part of buccal capsule from pharyngeal part. Pharyngeal lobes, cuticularized, 3 smaller pointed chordal lobes, 3 larger bifid radial lobes freestanding, project anteriorly into buccal cavity, neither helical nor spiral. Peripheral lobes forming shallow cup for chordal and radial lobes. Oesophagus widens gradually to posterior oesophageal bulb, about 1/8 body length. Nerve ring surrounds anterior oesophagus, excretory pore posterior to nerve ring.</p> <p> <i>Male</i>: (Measurements of 10 specimens) Length 9–12 (10.2) mm, width 210–335 (311). Buccal capsule 40–67 (55) long. Oesophagus 1000–1360 (1220) long; bulb 168–234 (200) wide. Nerve ring 270–340 (310), excretory pore 415–535 (475) from anterior end. Spicules similar, slender, with pointed tips 1900–2145 (2005) long. Gubernaculum with sides extending anteriorly, 140–215 (170) long. Tail 160–235 (195) long. Sucker pre-cloacal, elongate without cuticular elaborations; 11 pairs caudal papillae; 3 pairs pre-cloacal, 2 pairs at level of cloaca, 6 pairs post-cloacal.</p> <p> <i>Female</i>: (Measurements of 10 specimens) Length 9–14 (11.3) mm, width 280–380 (320). Buccal capsule 45–56 (49) long. Oesophagus 1150–1360 (1325) long; bulb 168–228 (215) wide. Nerve ring 265–330 (310), excretory pore 495–560 (525) from anterior end. Vagina opens 3825–5140 (4500) from anterior end. Tail conical, with pointed tip 480–590 (535) long. Eggs thin-shelled, sub-globular 64–70 (68) by 47–60 (53), embryonate in utero.</p>Published as part of <i>Smales, Lesley R., 2006, Helminths of the Hydromyini (Muridae: Hydromyinae) from Papua New Guinea with the description of a new species of Labiobulura (Nematoda: Ascaridida), pp. 57-68 in Zootaxa 1332</i> on pages 63-65, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/174243">10.5281/zenodo.174243</a&gt

Helminth type specimens in the South Australian Museum I. Nematoda

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