Integument in Apfelbeckia insculpta (L. Koch, 1867) (Diplopoda, Callipodida) – morphoanatomical and ultrastructural study

The morphoanatomical and ultrastructural features of the integument (cuticle + epidermis) of an endemic Balkan millipede, Apfelbeckia insculpta (L. Koch, 1867), are investigated utilizing light (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cuticle consists of epicuticle (outermost layer), exocuticle, endocuticle and membranous layer that is in contact with the underlying epidermis. Epicuticle is layer of varying thickness, while exocuticle is composed of helicoidally arranged sheets of microfibriles that appear as close-spaced light and dark bands. Endocuticle is the widest part of cuticle with the broad light bands that are oriented in the same direction. TEM micrographs show that these bands are composed of lamellae arranged in arcuate pattern and curved microfibriles. Membranous layer is intersected in some regions by canals that connect epidermis and different levels of the cuticle and/or surface. The epidermis is monostratified layer of cells that are characterized by distinct polarity. Basal part of epidermal cells is rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, while apical part contains numerous osmiophilic granules. Nuclei of epidermal cells are ovoid and positioned in different regions of cells. Interdigitations are formed among cells in some epidermal regions. Our study corroborates previous findings on integument organization in Diplopoda and shows that species-specific patterns of cuticular ultrastructure can be present in these arthropods

A new endemic representative of the genus Rascioduvalius S. B. Ćurčić, Brajković, Mitić & B. P. M. Ćurčić from Mt. Zlatibor, Western Serbia (Trechini, Carabidae, Coleoptera)

A new species of cavernicolous and endemic trechine ground beetles Rascioduvalis zlatiborensis n. sp., is described and diagnosed in the present paper. Also, all important taxonomic features are considered and illustrated. The type specimens of the new species were collected from the Markova (= Ršumska) Pećina Cave, village of Gornji Ljubiš, Mt. Zlatibor, Western Serbia. The new species and its congeners belong to a separate phyletic lineage of Tertiary age. All members of Rascioduvalius S. B. Ćurčić, Brajković, Mitić & B. P. M. Ćurčić are distributed in Western Serbia only, where they have gone through intense differentiation and radiation due to evolution of the karstic relief

Supplementary data for the article: Bodner, M.; Vagalinski, B.; Makarov, S. E.; Antić, D. Ž.; Vujisić, L. V.; Leis, H.-J.; Raspotnig, G. “Quinone Millipedes” Reconsidered: Evidence for a Mosaic-Like Taxonomic Distribution of Phenol-Based Secretions across the Julidae. Journal of Chemical Ecology 2016, 42 (3), 249–258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-016-0680-4

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-016-0680-4]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1924

Supplementary material for the article: Ilić, B.; Dimkić, I.; Unković, N.; Grbić, M. L.; Vukojević, J.; Vujisić, L.; Tešević, V.; Stanković, S.; Makarov, S.; Lučić, L. Millipedes vs. Pathogens: Defensive Secretions of Some Julids (Diplopoda: Julida) as Potential Antimicrobial Agents. Journal of Applied Entomology 2018, 142 (8), 775–791. https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12526

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12526]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2198

Citotoksični potencijal ekstrakata i odabranih estara iz odbrambenih sekreta vrsta Megahphyllum bosniense i M. unilineatum (Diplopoda: julida) prema ćelijama raka debelog creva

Ciljevi ove studije bili su: 1) ispitivanje citotoksičnog potencijala različitih estara linoleinske kiseline (butil-, pentil-, heksil-, heptil-, oktil-, nonil-, fentil- i 3-fenilpropil- linoleat) detektovanih u odbrambenim sekretima dve vrsta stonoga iz reda Julida - Megaphyllum unillineatum (C. L. Koch, 1838) i M. bosniense (Verrhoeff, 1897) na vijabilnost ćelija raka debelog creva (SW480) i 2) analiza vijabilnost SW480 ćelija nakon tretiranja ekstraktima odbrambenih sekreta pomenutih vrsta

Supplementary data for article: Vujisić, L. V.; Makarov, S. E.; Curcic, B. P. M.; Ilic, B. S.; Tešević, V.; Gođevac, D.; Vučković, I. M.; Curcic, S. B.; Mitić, B. M. Composition of the Defensive Secretion in Three Species of European Millipedes. Journal of Chemical Ecology 2011, 37 (12), 1358–1364. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-011-0040-3

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-011-0040-3]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1235

Cuticular chemoprofile of the fruit fly drosophila subobscura (diptera, drosophilidae)

In insects, cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profile is involved in many important biological functions and may vary in different conditions. Among fruit fly species, Drosophila subobscura is one of the most frequently used in genetic, ecological and evolutionary research, because of its rich chromosomal polymorphism, specific behavioral repertoires and habitat preferences. In this work, we identified and quantified cuticular chemoprofile of D. subobscura. Using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 25 chemical compounds were found in males and 23 compounds were found in females. Further, ANOVA confirmed significant sexual dimorphism in cuticular chemoprofile amounts. Knowledge of cuticular chemistry could contribute to further research in D. subobscura, starting from behavioral, up to ecological, since this species is recognized as an important model system for the study and monitoring of global climate changes

"Quinone Millipedes" Reconsidered: Evidence for a Mosaic-Like Taxonomic Distribution of Phenol-Based Secretions across the Julidae

The defensive chemistry of juliformian millipedes is characterized mainly by benzoquinones ("quinone millipedes"), whereas the secretions of the putative close outgroup Callipodida are considered to be exclusively phenolic. We conducted a chemical screening of julid secretions for phenolic content. Most species from tribes Cylindroiulini (15 species examined), Brachyiulini (5 species examined), Leptoiulini (15 species examined), Uncigerini (2 species examined), Pachyiulini (3 species examined), and Ommatoiulini (2 species examined) had non-phenolic, in most cases exclusively benzoquinonic secretions. In contrast, tribes Cylindroiulini, Brachyiulini, and Leptoiulini also contained representatives with predominantly phenol-based exudates. In detail, p-cresol was a major compound in the secretions of the cylindroiulines Styrioiulus pelidnus and S. styricus (p-cresol content 93 %) and an undetermined Cylindroiulus species (p-cresol content 51 %), in the brachyiulines Brachyiulus lusitanus (p-cresol content 21 %) and Megaphyllum fagorum (p-cresol content 92 %), as well as in an undescribed Typhloiulus species (p-cresol content 32 %, Leptoiulini). In all species, p-cresol was accompanied by small amounts of phenol. The secretion of M. fagorum was exclusively phenolic, whereas phenols were accompanied by benzoquinones in all other species. This is the first incidence of clearly phenol-dominated secretions in the Julidae. We hypothesize a shared biosynthetic route to phenols and benzoquinones, with benzoquinones being produced from phenolic precursors. The patchy taxonomic distribution of phenols documented herein supports multiple independent regression events in a common pathway of benzoquinone synthesis rather than multiple independent incidences of phenol biosynthesis.Supplementary material: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3323

Supplementary data for the article: Bodner, M.; Vagalinski, B.; Makarov, S. E.; Antić, D. Ž.; Vujisić, L. V.; Leis, H.-J.; Raspotnig, G. “Quinone Millipedes” Reconsidered: Evidence for a Mosaic-Like Taxonomic Distribution of Phenol-Based Secretions across the Julidae. Journal of Chemical Ecology 2016, 42 (3), 249–258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-016-0680-4

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-016-0680-4]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1924

Supplementary material for the article: Ilić, B.; Dimkić, I.; Unković, N.; Grbić, M. L.; Vukojević, J.; Vujisić, L.; Tešević, V.; Stanković, S.; Makarov, S.; Lučić, L. Millipedes vs. Pathogens: Defensive Secretions of Some Julids (Diplopoda: Julida) as Potential Antimicrobial Agents. Journal of Applied Entomology 2018, 142 (8), 775–791. https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12526

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12526]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2198