Ispitivanje auto-(in)kompatibilnosti genotipova badema (Prunus amygdalus batsch) selekcionisanih na Slankamenačkom bregu

Due to the importance of obtaining almond cultivars adapted to the agroecological conditions of Serbia, in the period 2005-2006 pollen viability and self-(in)compatibility in 19 almond genotypes selected from the seedling population on Slankamen hill, were studied. All analyzed almond genotypes had good (50-70%) or high (over 70%) pollen germination. The study of self-(in)compatibility was done by monitoring of the fruit set in the field and observing self-pollen growth by fluorescence microscopy. Self-incompatibility was confirmed in all the 19 genotypes by both methods. Pollen tube penetration was stopped mostly at the upper third of the style of all genotypes, with characteristic irregularities.U cilju stvaranja sorti badema prilagođenih agro-ekološkim uslovima Srbije u periodu 2005.-2006. godine proučavana je klijavost polena i auto (in)kompatibilnost 19 genotipova badema odabranih iz populacije sejanaca na Slankamenačkom bregu. Svi ispitivani genotipovi badema imali su dobru (50-70- %) ili visoku klijavost polena (preko 70%). Ispitivanja auto (in)kompatibilnosti su obavljena praćenjem zametanja u poljskim uslovima i metodom fluorescentne mikroskopije. Auto inkompatibilnost je u oba slučaja bila izražena kod svih 19 genotipova. Kod svih genotipova polenove cevčice su zaustavljale rast najdalje u gornjoj trećini stubića uz karakteristične petlje, zadebljanja i krivudanja

Sugar and Polyphenolic Diversity in Floral Nectar of Cherry

Cherries (Prunus avium L. and Prunus cerasus L.) are economically important fruit species in the temperate region. Both are entomophilous fruit species, thus need pollinators to give high yields. Since cherry’s flower is easy-to-reach, bees and other pollinators can smoothly collect nectar as a reward for doing transfer of pollen to receptive stigma. Nectar in cherry is usually attractive for insects, especially to honey bee (Apis mellifera) who is the most common pollinator. Nectar is predominantly an aqueous solution of sugars, proteins, and free amino acids among which sugars are the most dominant. Trace amounts of lipids, organic acids, iridoid glycosides, minerals, vitamins, alkaloids, plant hormones, non-protein amino, terpenoids, glucosinolates, and cardenolides can be found in nectar too. Cherry flower may secrete nectar for 2–4 days and, depending on the cultivar, produces up to 10 mg nectar with sugar concentration from 28% to 55%. Detailed chemical analysis of cherry nectar described in this chapter is focused on sugar and phenolic profile in sour cherry. The most abounded sugars in cherry nectar was fructose, glucose, and sucrose, while arabinose, rhamnose, maltose, isomaltose, trehalose, gentiobiose, turanose, panose, melezitose, maltotriose, isomaltotriose, as well as the sugar alcohols glycerol, erythritol, arabitol, galactitol, and mannitol are present as minor constituents. Regarding polyphenolics, rutin was the most abundant phenolic compound followed by naringenin and chrysin. Cherry cultivars showed different chemical composition of nectar which implies that its content is cultivar dependent

Supplementary material for the article: Čolić, S. D.; Fotirić Akšić, M. M.; Lazarević, K. B.; Zec, G. N.; Gašić, U. M.; Dabić Zagorac, D. Č.; Natić, M. M. Fatty Acid and Phenolic Profiles of Almond Grown in Serbia. Food Chemistry 2017, 234, 455–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.006

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.006 ]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2473]Related to accepted version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3215

The tree growth effect on fertility and fruit quality traits in 'Oblacinska' sour cherry genotypes

The goal of this study was to examine the variability and correlation between vigor, yield and fruit quality components in 'Oblacinska' sour cherry. Plant material used in this trial comprised of 41 genotypes, while the experiment was done in three consecutive years. An important diversity has been found in the set of evaluated genotypes and significant differences were found among them in most traits studied. Observed differences between years of study for almost all examined traits, indicate a high influence of environmental conditions on these parameters. Also, significant positive or negative correlation were found between some properties. Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis suggested that leaf dimension, fruit weight, yield efficiency, vigor and fruit set could be sufficient for determination of genotypes. Cluster analysis (CA) grouped genotypes in two main clusters, with numerous sub-clusters. Genotypes with low tree growth and high yield potential were proved to be interesting for following breeding programs and cultivation

Influence of fruiting twig type to fruit and leaf traits in 'Oblacinska' sour cherry clones

The 'Oblacinska' sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) is an autochthonous and heterogeneous cultivar showing high variability in traits related to the composition of fruiting twigs. The differences observed between fruits and leaves not only among different clones but between different fruiting branches show that there is variability for some physical parameters among the fruits and leaves of the same tree which later affects productivity level. So, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of the type of the fruiting branch (spurs and shoots) on fruit and leaf traits. Plant material used in this trial comprised of 13 'Oblacinska' sour cherry genotypes. The experiment was carried out in a four-year period. All studied traits were highly genotype and year dependent. The effect of the fruiting branch was found to be highly significant for stone weight and leaf size and leaf area, but not for fruit and chemical traits. Correlation analysis showed that studied traits are not correlated in the same way comparing spurs and shoot. The highest mismatch in the coefficient of correlation was found between chemical properties

Fatty acid and phenolic profiles of almond grown in Serbia

Almond production is not typical for Serbia however the existence of natural populations and unexpectedly suitable agro-climatic conditions initiated this kind of study. Total oil content and concentrations of the fatty acids, total phenolic content and radical-scavenging activity were determined in the kernel oil of 20 local almond selections originating from North Serbia and cultivars 'Marcona', 'Texas' and 'Troito'. Sixteen fatty acids were identified and quantified, with the most abundant being oleic acid and linoleic acid. Nine phenolic acids and nineteen flavonoids were quantified using UHPLC-DAD MS/MS. The predominant polyphenol was catechin, followed by chiorogenic acid and naringenin. Based on oleic acid/linoleic acid ratio, levels of unsaturated fatty acids and specific polyphenols, some selections were chosen for growing and could also be recommended for breeding programs. Our investigation demonstrated that this region could be a suitable for growing almonds with chemical compositions competitive with standard cultivars.Peer-reviewed manuscript: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3215]Supplementary material: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3216