1,733 research outputs found
2A. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
The nomenclature of hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 receptors is agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Nuclear Hormone Receptors [9, 3]. While linoleic acid has been identified as the endogenous ligand for HNF4α its function remains ambiguous [75]. HNF4γ has yet to be paired with an endogenous ligand
2A. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 receptors (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database
The nomenclature of hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 receptors is agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Nuclear Hormone Receptors [8]. While linoleic acid has been identified as the endogenous ligand for HNF4α its function remains ambiguous [73]. HNF4γ has yet to be paired with an endogenous ligand
Numerics of boundary-domain integral and integro-differential equations for BVP with variable coefficient in 3D
This is the post-print version of the article. The official published version can be accessed from the links below - Copyright @ 2013 Springer-VerlagA numerical implementation of the direct boundary-domain integral and integro-differential equations, BDIDEs, for treatment of the Dirichlet problem for a scalar elliptic PDE with variable coefficient in a three-dimensional domain is discussed. The mesh-based discretisation of the BDIEs with tetrahedron domain elements in conjunction with collocation method leads to a system of linear algebraic equations (discretised BDIE). The involved fully populated matrices are approximated by means of the H-Matrix/adaptive cross approximation technique. Convergence of the method is investigated.This study is partially supported by the EPSRC grant EP/H020497/1:"Mathematical Analysis of Localised-Boundary-Domain Integral Equations for Variable-Coefficients
Boundary Value Problems"
Spin-orbit coupling and phase-coherence in InAs nanowires
We investigated the magnetotransport of InAs nanowires grown by selective
area metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. In the temperature range between 0.5
and 30 K reproducible fluctuations in the conductance upon variation of the
magnetic field or the back-gate voltage are observed, which are attributed to
electron interference effects in small disordered conductors. From the
correlation field of the magnetoconductance fluctuations the phase-coherence
length l_phi is determined. At the lowest temperatures l_phi is found to be at
least 300 nm, while for temperatures exceeding 2 K a monotonous decrease of
l_phi with temperature is observed. A direct observation of the weak
antilocalization effect indicating the presence of spin-orbit coupling is
masked by the strong magnetoconductance fluctuations. However, by averaging the
magnetoconductance over a range of gate voltages a clear peak in the
magnetoconductance due to the weak antilocalization effect was resolved. By
comparison of the experimental data to simulations based on a recursive
two-dimensional Green's function approach a spin-orbit scattering length of
approximately 70 nm was extracted, indicating the presence of strong spin-orbit
coupling.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure
Diagnosis and outcome of oesophageal Crohn's disease
BACKGROUND AND AIMS:
Crohn's disease (CD) can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract. We aimed to characterize clinical, endoscopic, histologic features and treatment outcomes of CD patients with oesophageal involvement.
METHODS:
We collected cases through a retrospective multicentre European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation CONFER [COllaborative Network For Exceptionally Rare case reports] project. Clinical data were recorded in a standardized case report form.
RESULTS:
A total of 40 patients were reported [22 males, mean (±SD, range) age at oesophageal CD diagnosis: 25 (±13.3, 10-71) years and mean time of follow-up: 67 (±68.1, 3-240) months]. Oesophageal involvement was established at CD diagnosis in 26 patients (65%) and during follow-up in 14. CD was exclusively located in the oesophagus in 2 patients. Thirteen patients (32.2%) were asymptomatic at oesophageal disease diagnosis. Oesophageal strictures were present in 5 patients and fistulizing oesophageal disease in one. Eight patients exhibited granulomas on biopsies. Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) were administered in 37 patients (92.5%). Three patients underwent endoscopic dilation for symptomatic strictures and none oesophageal-related surgery. Diagnosis in pre-established CD resulted in treatment modifications in 9/14 patients. Clinical remission of oesophageal disease was seen in 33/40 patients (82.5%) after a mean time of 7 (±5.6, 1-18) months. Follow-up endoscopy was performed in 29/40 patients and 26/29 (89.7%) achieved mucosal healing.
CONCLUSION:
In this case series the endoscopic and histologic characteristics of isolated oesophageal CD were similar to those reported in other sites of involvement. Treatment was primarily conservative, with PPIs administered in the majority of patients and modifications in pre-existing IBD-related therapy occurring in two thirds of them. Clinical and endoscopic remission was achieved in more than 80% of the patients.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Improving search filter development: a study of palliative care literature
Background
It is difficult to systematically search for literature relevant to palliative care in general medical journals. A previously developed search filter for use on OVID Medline validated using a gold standard set of references identified through hand searching, achieved an unacceptably low sensitivity (45.4%). Retrieving relevant literature is integral to support evidence based practice, and understanding the nature of the incorrectly excluded citations (false negatives) using the filter may lead to improvement in the filter's performance.
Methods
The objectives were to describe the nature of subjects reflected in the false negative citations and to empirically improve the sensitivity of the search filter. A thematic analysis of MeSH terms by three independent reviewers was used to describe the subject coverage of the missed records. Using a frequency analysis of MeSH terms, those headings which could individually contribute at least 2.5% to sensitivity (occurring 19 or more times) were added to the search filter. All previously run searches were rerun at the same time as the revised filter, and results compared.
Results
Thematic analysis of MeSH terms identified thirteen themes reflected in the missing records, none of them intrinsically palliative. The addition of six MeSH terms to the existing search filter (physician-patient relations, prognosis, quality of life, survival rate, treatment outcome and attitude to health) led to an increase in sensitivity from 46.3% to 64.7%, offset by a decrease in precision from 72.6% to 21.9%.
Conclusion
The filter's sensitivity was successfully increased using frequency analysis of MeSH terms, offset by a decrease in precision. A thematic analysis of MeSH terms for the false negative citations confirmed the absence of any intrinsically palliative theme or term, suggesting that future improvements to search filters for palliative care literature will first depend on better identifying how clinicians and researchers conceptualise palliative care. It is suggested that a constellation of parameters: stage of disease (advanced or active), prospect of cure (little or none), and treatment goals (primarily quality of life) may ultimately inform search strategies. This may be similarly true for chronic diseases, which share the inherent passage of time which marks them apart from acute, and therefore more readily identifiable, episodes of care
Conservation of DNA and ligand binding properties of retinoid X receptor from the placozoan Trichoplax adhaerens to human
Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2018. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here under a nonexclusive, irrevocable, paid-up, worldwide license granted to WHOI. It is made available for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 184 (2018): 3-10, doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.02.010.Nuclear receptors are a superfamily of transcription factors restricted to animals. These transcription
factors regulate a wide variety of genes with diverse roles in cellular homeostasis, development, and
physiology. The origin and specificity of ligand binding within lineages of nuclear receptors (e.g.,
subfamilies) continues to be a focus of investigation geared toward understanding how the functions of
these proteins were shaped over evolutionary history. Among early-diverging animal lineages, the
retinoid X receptor (RXR) is first detected in the placozoan, Trichoplax adhaerens. To gain insight into
RXR evolution, we characterized ligand- and DNA-binding activity of the RXR from T. adhaerens
(TaRXR). Like bilaterian RXRs, TaRXR specifically bound 9-cis-retinoic acid, which is consistent with a
recently published result and supports a conclusion that the ancestral RXR bound ligand. DNA binding
site specificity of TaRXR was determined through protein binding microarrays (PBMs) and compared
with human RXR. The binding sites for these two RXR proteins were broadly conserved (~85% shared
high-affinity sequences within a targeted array), suggesting evolutionary constraint for the regulation of
downstream genes. We searched for predicted binding motifs of the T. adhaerens genome within 1000
bases of annotated genes to identify potential regulatory targets. We identified 648 unique protein coding
regions with predicted TaRXR binding sites that had diverse predicted functions, with enriched processes
related to intracellular signal transduction and protein transport. Together, our data support hypotheses
that the original RXR protein in animals bound a ligand with structural similarity to 9-cis-retinoic acid;
the DNA motif recognized by RXR has changed little in more than 1 billion years of evolution; and the
suite of processes regulated by this transcription factor diversified early in animal evolution.Support for AMT
was provided by the Tropical Research Initiative and an Internal Research and Development Award from
the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. AMR was supported by NIH award R15GM114740. JM was
supported by NSF award 1536530 to AMR. DM-P, BF and FMS were supported by NIH award
R01DK094707 to FMS
Development of a Coordinate Measuring Machine-Based Inspection Planning System for Industry 4.0
Industry 4.0 represents a new paradigm which creates new requirements in the area of manufacturing and manufacturing metrology such as to reduce the cost of product, flexibility, mass customization, quality of product, high level of digitalization, optimization, etc., all of which contribute to smart manufacturing and smart metrology systems. This paper presents a developed inspection planning system based on CMM as support of the smart metrology within Industry 4.0 or manufacturing metrology 4.0 (MM4.0). The system is based on the application of three AI techniques such as engineering ontology (EO), GA and ants colony optimization (ACO). The developed system consists of: the ontological knowledge base; the mathematical model for generating strategy of initial MP; the model of analysis and optimization of workpiece setups and probe configuration; the path simulation model in MatLab, PTC Creo and STEP-NC Machine software, and the model of optimization MP by applying ACO. The advantage of the model is its suitability for monitoring of the measurement process and digitalization of the measurement process planning, simulation carried out and measurement verification based on CMM, reduction of the preparatory measurement time as early as in the inspection planning phase and minimizing human involvement or human errors through intelligent planning, which directly influences increased production efficiency, competitiveness, and productivity of enterprises. The measuring experiment was performed using a machined prismatic workpiece (PW)
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