Modelling the calvarium diploe

The paper presents the effects of computer modelling of the inner structure of the calvarium from CT scans using MeeSoft Image Analyzer software. This software generates a model image, which can be enlarged and viewed from different angles without visible distortion or blurring of the contours. Similar manipulation with the original CT scan produces destructive effects, which hinder visualisation of the anatomical structures

Enhancement of the focal depth in anatomical photography

Limited depth of field is one of the crucial disadvantages of macro photography because some details of the imagined object are blurred. This paper presents the benefits of using an algorithm which enhances focal depth in the close-up views of anatomical structures. The applied technique was based on combining a set of images of the same object (temporal bone) taken on different focal planes. In effect, a single image was generated which presented all details sharply across the photographed object. The extended depth of field of the composite image was reconstructed by CombineZP Image Stacking Software

Contribution of 3D printing technology for craniofacial surgery

This article summarizes technical aspects of preparing printable 3D anatomical models created from radiological data (CT, MRI) and discusses their usefulness in surgery of the human skull. Interdisciplinary approach to the capabilities of the 3D printers, and the materials used for manufacturing 3D objects oriented on replicating anatomical structures has created new possibilities for simulating and planning surgical procedures in clinical practice settings

Enhancement of the focal depth in anatomical photography

Limited depth of field is one of the crucial disadvantages of macro photography because some details of the imagined object are blurred. This paper presents the benefits of using an algorithm which enhances focal depth in the close-up views of anatomical structures. The applied technique was based on combining a set of images of the same object (temporal bone) taken on different focal planes. In effect, a single image was generated which presented all details sharply across the photographed object. The extended depth of field of the composite image was reconstructed by CombineZP Image Stacking Software. (Folia Morphol 2011; 70, 4: 260–262

Anatomy of the fundus of the internal acoustic meatus — micro-computed tomography study

The aim of this paper was to present micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) high resolution images of the fundus of internal acoustic meatus (FIAM) and characterise the normal appearance of its singular areas which are places of passage of numerous anatomical structures. By using micro-CT we obtain detailed volume rendering images presenting topography of the FIAM in 3-dimensional (3D) space. We figured out that 3D reconstructions obtained from micro-CT scans can precisely demonstrate all areas of the FIAM (facial nerve area, cochlear area, superior and inferior vestibular areas, singular foramen). Application of this technique allows finding out new anatomical structures like the foramen of the transverse crest, which is not described in literature. Hence, we estimated the size of each area of the FIAM by measuring their minimal and maximal diameter. In the studied material we did not find out any statistically significant difference between mean diameters calculated for infant and adult individuals.

Fractal dimensions of the sagittal (interparietal) sutures in humans

Traditional studies of the cranial suture morphology have focused mostly on visual estimation and linear measurements, and thus on evaluating their complexity. This paper presents a new look on cranial sutures as curves, which can be analysed by fractal dimension. This new measure seems to be a much better method of expressing properties of sutural patterns than traditional methods. Our findings suggest that the fractal dimension of non-complicated interparietal sutures slightly exceeds the topological dimension of the line, that is 1.0, whereas the fractal dimension of complicated sutures may reach a value of 1.4 or even more. The difference between the minimum and maximum decimal fraction of the fractal dimension indicates a three-fold increase in complexity in the investigated sutures