Investigation of the 19Na via resonance elastic scattering

The structure of the unbound proton-rich isotope 19Na was studied in resonance elastic scattering of a radioactive 18Ne beam on a proton target using the thick-target inverse-kinematics method. The experiment covered excitation energy range from 0.5 to 2.7 MeV in c.m.s. Only one state of 19Na (the second excited state) was observed. A combined R-matrix and potential-model analysis was performed. The spin and parity assignment of this second excited state was confirmed to be 1/2+. We showthat the position of the 1/2+ state significantly affects the reaction rate through that state but the total reaction rate remains unchanged since the 18Ne(2p,gamma) proceeds mostly via the ground and first excited states in 19Na at stellar temperatures.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure

Structure of N-12 using C-11+p resonance scattering

Journals published by the American Physical Society can be found at http://publish.aps.org/The level structure of N-12 has been investigated from 2.2 to 11.0 MeV in excitation energy using a C-11+p resonance interaction with thick targets and inverse kinematics. Excitation functions were fitted using an R-matrix approach. Sixteen levels in N-12 were included in the analysis, several of them are new. Spin-parity assignments, excitation energies and widths are proposed for these levels

Single and double proton emissions from the O-14+He-4 interaction

Journals published by the American Physical Society can be found at http://publish.aps.org/We observed single and double proton emissions in the O-14+He-4 interaction by the thick target inverse kinematic (TTIK) method at initial energy for O-14 at 32.7 MeV. We found that the protons mainly originate from the resonance excitation of states in Ne-18. The observed states in Ne-18 decay by protons mainly to proton unstable states in F-17. It was found that the decay of a state in Ne-18 at E-ex=8.45 MeV demonstrates the features of a decay by a correlated proton pair. The observed properties of the O-14+He-4 interaction make a previous interpretation for the rate of O-14(He-4, p)F-17 at astrophysical energies suspect. We show how the TTIK method should be modified to obtain the data of astrophysical interest

Isobaric analog states of neutron-rich nuclei. Doppler shift as a measurement tool for resonance excitation functions

We present a new approach for the measurement of resonance excitation functions of neutron-rich nuclei using Doppler shift information. Preliminary data from the first application of the method is presented in the spectroscopy studies of 7 He isobaric analog states in 7 Li.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45815/1/10050_2005_Article_506014.pd

Динамика клинико-лабораторных показателей при острой дыхательной недостаточности у пациентов с COVID-19

With a traditional approach to treatment of hypoxemic respiratory failure, it is believed that SpO2 reduction below 88-90% during oxygen therapy requires emergency care including invasive mechanical ventilation. However, the manifestations of hypoxemic respiratory failure in COVID-19 patients have certain features that have led to the change in the traditional respiratory support procedure. The therapeutic goals of respiratory support in this category of patients require clarification.The objective: in patients with COVID-19, to study the relationship of transcutaneous saturation values with clinical indicators that characterize ARF, the state of acid-base balance and blood gas composition.Subjects and methods. A multicenter prospective observational study included 90 COVID-19 patients treated in ICU whose transcutaneous saturation (SpO2) values were below 93% despite treatment. Depending on the degree of impaired oxygenation, patients underwent oxygen therapy through a mask or nasal cannula, high-flow oxygenation or non-invasive ventilation, while it was not always possible to achieve the target values of oxygenation parameters. The patients were divided into the following groups: Group 1 ‒ SpO2 above 93%, Group 2 ‒ SpO2 within 93–90%, Group 3 ‒ SpO2 within 85–89%, Group 4‒ SpO2 within 80–84%, Group 5 ‒ SpO2 within 75–79%, and Group 6 – below 75%.Results. It was revealed that during ARF management by noninvasive methods, different values of transcutaneous saturation and corresponding changes in the acid-base balance (ABB) and blood gas composition were determined When transcutaneous saturation (SpO2) decreased to 85%, there was a corresponding moderate decrease in PaO2 while no metabolic changes occurred. As a rule, there were no obvious clinical signs of respiratory failure (silent hypoxia). In patients with SpO2 reduction down 80–85%, clinical signs of respiratory failure (dyspnea, tachypnea, agitation) and, as a rule, a moderate increase in PаCO2 with the development of respiratory acidosis and compensatory metabolic alkalosis were noted. When SpO2 decreased down to 75–79%, arterial hypoxemia was usually accompanied by moderate hypercapnia and the development of decompensated mixed acidosis and venous desaturation as well as increased lactate levels. With transcutaneous saturation going below 74%, these changes were even more pronounced and were observed in all patients of this group.Conclusion. The revealed changes are mostly consistent with generally accepted ideas about the relationship between values of transcutaneous saturation and blood gas composition and parameters of blood ABB in the case of ARF. Reduction of transcutaneous saturation down to 85% not accompanied by pronounced clinical signs of respiratory failure (dyspnea, tachypnea, agitation), development of acidosis and venous desaturation, and the elevated lactate level can be regarded as relatively safe.При традиционном подходе к терапии гипоксемической дыхательной недостаточности считается, что снижение SpO2 ниже 88‒90% на фоне проводимой оксигенотерапии требует экстренной коррекции, вплоть до применения инвазивной искусственной вентиляции легких. Однако проявления гипоксемической дыхательной недостаточности у пациентов с COVID-19 имеют определенные особенности, которые привели к изменению традиционного алгоритма проведения респираторной поддержки. Терапевтические цели проведения респираторной поддержки у больных этой категории требуют уточнения.Цель: у пациентов с COVID-19 изучить взаимосвязь значений транскутанной сатурации с клиническими показателями, характеризующими острую дыхательную недостаточность (ОДН), состоянием кислотно-основного баланса и газового состава крови.Материалы и методы. В многоцентровое проспективное наблюдательное исследование включено 90 пациентов с COVID-19, получавших лечение в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии, у которых, несмотря на лечение, значения транскутанной сатурации (SpO2) составляли менее 93%. В зависимости от степени нарушения оксигенации пациентам проводили оксигенотерапию через маску или носовые канюли, высокопоточную оксигенацию или неинвазивную вентиляцию легких, при этом не всегда удавалось достичь целевых значений показателей оксигенации. При проведении коррекции ОДН по выявляемым значениям SpO2 пациенты разделены на следующие группы: 1-я – SpO2 более 93%, 2-я – SpO2 в диапазоне 93‒90%, 3-я – SpO2 в диапазоне 85‒89%, 4-я – SpO2 в диапазоне 80‒84%, 5-я – SpO2 в диапазоне 75‒79% и 6-я – SpO2 менее 75%.Результаты. Выявлено, что на фоне коррекции ОДН неинвазивными методами определялись различные значения транскутанной сатурации и соответствующие им различные изменения кислотно-основного состояния (КОС) и газового состава крови. При снижении значений транскутанной сатурации (SpO2) до 85% отмечали соответствующее умеренное снижение PаО2 при отсутствии метаболических изменений. Как правило, отсутствовали и явные клинические признаки дыхательной недостаточности («тихая гипоксия»). У пациентов со снижением SpO2 в диапазоне 80‒85% отмечали появление клинических признаков дыхательной недостаточности (диспноэ, тахипноэ, ажитация) и, как правило, умеренное повышение PаСО2 с развитием дыхательного ацидоза и компенсаторного метаболического алкалоза. При снижении SpO2 в диапазоне 75‒79% артериальная гипоксемия, как правило, сопровождалась умеренной гиперкапнией и развитием декомпенсированного смешанного ацидоза и венозной десатурации, а также повышением уровня лактата. При снижении транскутанной сатурации менее 74% эти изменения носили еще более выраженный характер и наблюдались у всех пациентов данной группы.Заключение. Выявленные изменения в целом согласуются с общепринятыми представлениями о взаимосвязи значений транскутанной сатурации с газовым составом и параметрами КОС крови при ОДН. Снижение значений транскутанной сатурации до уровня 85%, не сопровождающееся появлением выраженных клинических признаков дыхательной недостаточности (диспноэ, тахипноэ, возбуждение), развитием ацидоза и венозной десатурации, повышением уровнем лактата, по-видимому, может расцениваться как относительно безопасное

Probing the heart and mind of the viewer: scientific studies of film and theatre spectators in the Soviet Union, 1917-1936

A vast array of research institutes and cultural organizations began to study the viewer of Soviet cinema and theatre in the years following the October Revolution. These investigations called on the techniques of sociology, psychology, and physiology to make Soviet cultural production more “efficient” and “rational.” Belying the conventional assumption that the cultural revolution of 1928–1932 brought empirical research in aesthetics to an abrupt end, this paper traces the continuation and redefinition of studies of the viewer in the Soviet Union after the “Great Break.” My analysis of the work of the “Scientific Research Sector” at the State Institute of Cinematography (VGIK) between 1933 and 1936 outlines how Stalin-era researchers shifted their gaze from viewers’ tastes and attitudes to questions of perceptual management and effectiveness. Exploring the VGIK researchers’ attempts to determine the “laws” of aesthetic perception and optimize intelligibility, the article brings to light the developments in scientific knowledge underwriting Soviet culture's transition to a form “accessible to the millions.

Investigation of the alpha-cluster structure of Ne-22 and Mg-22

10 pages, 2 tables, 10 figures.--PACS nrs.: 21.10.-k; 24.30.-v; 27.30.+tAn excitation function for resonance elastic scattering of alpha particles on O-18 and Ne-18 was measured using the method of inverse geometry with a very thick target. Spectroscopic information was obtained for 23 levels in the excitation energy region from 11.9 to 13.7 MeV in Ne-22. Twelve of them are new. General features of a-cluster bands in Ne-22 are analyzed in the framework of the potential model with a deep potential well. Predictions for the 11(-) level in Ne-22, as well as for the isotopic shift of the cluster levels in Mg-22, are given. Evidence is presented that new perspectives on the study of nuclear structure and nuclear spectroscopy can be obtained in complimentary measurements of alpha-cluster states in mirror Nnot equalZ nuclei.This work was supported by NSF Grant Nos. PHY99-01133 and PHY02-030099, RFBR Grant No. 00-02-17401, U.S. DOE Grant No. DE-FG03-93ER40773, and European Community-Access to Research Infrastructure action of the Improving Human Potential Programme, Contract No.HPRI-CT-1999-00110.Peer reviewe