Loss of the Mouse Ortholog of the Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome Gene (Sbds) Results in Early Embryonic Lethality

Mutations in SBDS are responsible for Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS), a disorder with clinical features of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, bone marrow failure, and skeletal abnormalities. SBDS is a highly conserved protein whose function remains largely unknown. We identified and investigated the expression pattern of the murine ortholog. Variation in levels was observed, but Sbds was found to be expressed in all embryonic stages and most adult tissues. Higher expression levels were associated with rapid proliferation. A targeted disruption of Sbds was generated in order to understand the consequences of its loss in an in vivo model. Consistent with recessive disease inheritance for SDS, Sbds(+/−) mice have normal phenotypes, indistinguishable from those of their wild-type littermates. However, the development of Sbds(−/−) embryos arrests prior to embryonic day 6.5, with muted epiblast formation leading to early lethality. This finding is consistent with the absence of patients who are homozygous for early truncating mutations. Sbds is an essential gene for early mammalian development, with an expression pattern consistent with a critical role in cell proliferation

A holistic motility understanding of the social phenomena underlying inter-city high-speed rail commuting: Evidence from China's Yangtze River Delta

As high-speed rail (HSR) becomes more widespread, inter-city commuting is becoming an increasingly prevalent social phenomenon, yet little attention has been paid to obtaining a deeper understanding of the interdependence of various factors and how they contribute to the phenomena. This paper fills the gap by utilising the concept of motility to frame the analyses of in-depth interviews with HSR commuters between Suzhou and Shanghai in China’s Yangtze River Delta. As the first in-depth qualitative study on this topic, our findings advance a holistic understanding of the perception, experience, compromised habits, strategies, and decision trade-off underlying the HSR intercity commuting behind the dark mobility numbers. This new empirical evidence of HSR commuting sheds light on the interdependence of the three elements of motility (range of possibilities, competence and cognitive appropriation). With better employment opportunities accessible by HSR, yet due to the nature of work, personal and family situations, and mobility constraints, cognitive appropriation of HSR commuters leads to various deliberate habits and strategies for daily, weekly, and flexible commuting, which is a precarious balance between individual competence and range of possibilities prompted by HSR either favourable or unfavourable conditions. These issues reflect the value of motility for critical assessments of transport policy and wider associated policy areas to achieve subsequent improvement of personal well-being. Also, the dominant one-way commuting from neighbouring smaller cities to economic powerhouse reflects a need for strategies that coordinate economic function and transport accessibility and enable better balanced two-way economic and commuting patterns in the long run

A Novel Third-Harmonic Elimination Method for VOC-Based Three-Phase DC/AC Inverter

Summarization: Virtual oscillator control (VOC) has been proposed for Microgrids, since compared to the droop control method, VOC has a faster transient response. However, the output voltage of the conventional VOC always contains the third-harmonic. Thus, in the grid-connected mode, the third-harmonic voltage causes the generation of significant third-harmonic current which is injected into the power grid. In this paper, by analyzing the nonlinear oscillator and simplifying the nonlinear current source in the oscillator, a novel VOC for three-phase DC/AC inverter is proposed, where the third-harmonic of the oscillator output voltage can be successfully eliminated, whether in the islanded or grid-connected mode of operation. In addition, compared with the traditional VOC, the dynamic response of the proposed VOC-based inverter can be significantly improved, especially in the islanded mode. Experimental device designed on the DSPACE DS1202 is developed to verify the feasibility of the proposed strategy.Παρουσιάστηκε στο: The 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Societ

A New Kalman-Filter-Based Harmonic Current Suppression Method for the Virtual Oscillator Controlled Voltage Source Converters with LCL Filter

Summarization: Virtual Oscillator Control (VOC) is a new control strategy applied to grid-connected inverters, which can achieve fast dynamics and low harmonics in island mode. This paper proposes a new harmonic currents elimination strategy for virtual oscillator controller (VOC)-based voltage source converters (VSC) connected to a distorted electrical grid. In order to achieve the control goal, the Kalman filter is used to replace the traditional band-pass filter to extract the harmonic components of the grid voltage at the common coupling point (PCC). From the impedance-based analysis, the equivalent output impedance of the DC/AC inverter has been significantly enhanced at the selected low harmonic frequency. It is worth noting that the system can remain stable within a considerable range of equivalent grid impedance. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink have verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.Παρουσιάστηκε στο: 2021 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Expositio