Ag/ZnO NANOCOMPOSITES AS REAGENTS FOR WATER TREATMENT

The study was funded by the program of the Perm Research and Education Center "Rational subsoil use". Analytical, spectroscopic, and biological studies were carried out using the equipment of the Core Facilities Center "Research of materials and matter" at the PFRC UB RAS

Improving the efficiency of forest companies by optimizing the key indicators of sustainable forest management: a case study of the Far East

Forest plantations provide a wide range of products. Therefore, it is vital to ensure the sustainable growth and adequate management of forest resources. This study aims to examine the current challenges facing the forest industry, such as the depletion of forest resources, the increasing cost of wood processing products, and intensifying competition in the timber market (caused by the tropical wood supply). These challenges force the world’s leading forest countries to intensify forest cultivation, to consult forest industries in the Far East and to optimize the sustainable use of forest resources. It was found that current distribution of cutting practices threatens the forest ecosystem. The study suggests a scheme where 10–30% of forest area is clear-cut, 70–90% is selectively logged, and 20–35% is exposed to gradual felling. Factors, such as harvesting time, exhaust emissions, the loss of young trees, topsoil degradation, load on the soil surface, and the slope angle are essential for building mathematical models of forest sustainability. The intensity of wood transportation is also a critical factor influencing the above indicators. The study proposes a model for reorganizing regional wood harvesting companies to improve their profitability. The theoretical model is adapted to the Far Eastern context, but is suitable for use in other parts of the world. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

Genome-wide sequence analyses of ethnic populations across Russia

The Russian Federation is the largest and one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the world, however no centralized reference database of genetic variation exists to date. Such data are crucial for medical genetics and essential for studying population history. The Genome Russia Project aims at filling this gap by performing whole genome sequencing and analysis of peoples of the Russian Federation. Here we report the characterization of genome-wide variation of 264 healthy adults, including 60 newly sequenced samples. People of Russia carry known and novel genetic variants of adaptive, clinical and functional consequence that in many cases show allele frequency divergence from neighboring populations. Population genetics analyses revealed six phylogeographic partitions among indigenous ethnicities corresponding to their geographic locales. This study presents a characterization of population-specific genomic variation in Russia with results important for medical genetics and for understanding the dynamic population history of the world's largest country

Effectiveness of the long-term therapy with bronchodilators, fenspiride and an ACE inhibitor perindopril among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic cor pulmonale

Aim. To compare clinical effectiveness of the long-term ambulatory therapy (bronchodilators; bronchodilators and fenspiride; bronchodilators, fenspiride and an ACE inhibitor perindopril) among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic cor pulmonale (CCP). Material and methods. In total, 132 patients with COPD and CCP were examined. All participants were divided into three groups, according to the administered therapy (see above), and underwent clinical examination, echocardiography (EchoCG), computed spirography, 6-minute walk test, and other procedures. The examination took place at baseline, as well as 12 and 24 months after the study started. Results. In COPD and CCP patients, long-term therapy with bronchodilators and fenspiride was associated with a significant decrease in bronchial obstruction syndrome severity, a substantial improvement in lung function (LF) and physical capability, and some improvement in EchoCG parameters, but did not influence mortality and chronic heart failure (CHF) progression. Adding an ACE inhibitor perindopril to the combined therapy resulted in a significant clinical improvement, even among the patients with severe COPD and decompensated CCP. Conclusion. Long-term treatment with a combination of inhaled bronchodilators, fenspiride, and an ACE inhibitor perindopril was highly effective and safe in patients with COPD and CCP, regardless of the disease severity

THE CURRENT CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE SITUATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA)

The prevalence of respiratory diseases was analyzed in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). A cross-sectional clinical and instrumental study of 2856 dwellers from the town of Yakutsk and the village of Churapcha showed that the proportion of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) was 14.1 and 20.5% in the town and in the village, respectively. One of its chief causes is a considerable spread of tobacco smoking among the urban and rural dwellers of Yakutia. The incidence of COPD among the males aged over 60 years was higher than that in the women; that was almost 2-fold in the rural area; and the male-to-female ratio was nearly equal in the urban area. According to our data, the urban and rural rates of catarrhal diseases were 54.5 and 43.9%, respectively; which was also due to severe climatic conditions and one of the risk factors for COPD

Assessment of Extremely Cold Subarctic Climate Environment Destruction of the Basalt Fiber Reinforced Epoxy (BFRE) Rebar Using Its Moisture Uptake Kinetics

A quite simple method is proposed for the assessment of extremely cold subarctic climate environment destruction of the basalt fiber reinforced epoxy (BFRE) rebar. The method involves the comparison of experimentally obtained long-term moisture uptake kinetic curves of unexposed and exposed BFRP rebars. A moisture uptake test was carried out at the temperature of 60 °C and relative humidity of 98 ± 2% for 306 days. The plasticization can be neglected because of low-level moisture saturation (<0.41% wt.); the swelling and structural relaxation of the polymer network can be neglected due to the high fiber content of BFRP rebar; moisture diffusion into the basalt fibers can be neglected since it is a much lesser amount than in the epoxy binder. These assumptions made it possible to build a three-stage diffusion model. It is observed that an increase in the density of defects with an increase in the diameter of the BFRP rebar is the result of the technology of manufacturing a periodic profile. The diffusion coefficient of the BFRP rebar with a 6, 10, or 18 mm diameter increased at an average of 82.7%, 56.7%, and 30%, respectively, after exposure to the climate of Yakutsk during 28 months, whereas it was known that the strength indicators had been increased

EXPECTATIONS OF A TALENTED STUDENT THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE THEORY OF GENERATIONS: ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION AMONG MILLENNIALS

Актуальность данной темы обусловлена тем, что мы находимся в том временном промежутке, когда на рынок труда выходят молодые люди, которые являются представителями поколения Y. Нужно понимать их особенности и ожидания от обучения для развития своего потенциала и таланта. Статья направлена на исследование наличия и степени проявления у студентов качеств талантов и представителей поколения Y, а также на определение уровня совпадения образовательных условий университета для развития и поддержания талантов с ожиданиями студентов. На основе теоретической интеграции талант-менеджмента и теории поколений в ходе исследования с использованием авторского инструментария (анкеты), получены данные о понимании студентами понятия талантливого студента, степени проявления качеств у поколения Y и талантов в социальном и психологическом аспектах. Гипотезы, выдвинутые в ходе исследования частично подтвердились. В целом, студенты проявляют качества миллениалов в соответствии своему поколению. Старшекурсники являются более проактивными, однако студенты редко пользуются возможностями, которые им предоставляет университет. Актуализация проблематики в группе наиболее активного, потенциального населения показывает, что представители поколения Y требуют свободы в действиях, желают постоянно обучаться и заниматься чем-то, где был бы задействован их творческий потенциал.The relevance of this article is due to the fact that we are in the time period when representatives of generation Y are nominating for various positions, they are just starting their career. Millennials are full of ambition, expectations, these people are willing to take risks. If you delve into the theory of talent management, you will notice some similarities between the representatives of generation Y and talented employees. The article is aimed at studying the presence and degree of manifestation in students of the qualities of talents and representatives of generation Y, as well as at determining the level of coincidence of real university conditions for the development and maintenance of talents with students' expectations. Based on the theoretical integration of such areas as talent management and the theory of generations, namely generation Y, the following hypotheses were put forward: Students of the “game” of the Ural Federal University show the qualities of talent; 1st year students are more proactive; Conditions at UrFU increase the motivation and level of learning among talented students. The authors developed a questionnaire aimed at the audience of 13 courses of the Ural Federal University. The obtained processed results and conclusions are also presented in this article. It is extremely important for the authors to understand and convey to the reader whether the studied social groups, such as talented students and representatives of Generation Y, have common ground.The work was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) under Grant № 19-010-00705 ‘Development of tools for assessing the impact of social pollution of labor relations on the employees' well-being in a digital economy’.Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ гранта «Разработка инструментария оценки влияния социального загрязнения трудовых отношений на благополучие работников в условиях цифровизации экономики» № 19-010-00705

Evaluating Association and Transmission of Eight Inflammatory Genes with Viliuisk Encephalomyelitis Susceptibility

Since the discovery of Viliuisk encephalomyelitis (VE) in 1887, scientists have tried to understand the natural history and aetiology of this endemic neurological disorder among the native Sakha population of Central Siberia. Familial aggregation and segregation analysis suggested a genetic influence on VE incidence. However, recent studies have implicated an unknown virus, possibly from the alpha herpesvirus family, as a possible cause for this disease. As VE is a neurological disease characterized by the inflammatory reactions systematically observed in the spinocerebellar fluid and in the brain tissue of deceased patients, we examined 17 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across seven inflammation-related candidate gene regions, including chemokine receptors type 2 and 5 (CCR2/CCR5), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-10, stromal cell-derived factor (SDF) and chemokine regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and presumably secreted (RANTES). Our main objective was to analyse the degree of genetic association between VE and candidate genes that have been previously implicated in other inflammatory diseases. Samples were collected from 83 affected families comprising 88 verified VE cases, 156 family members, and an additional 69 unrelated, unaffected inhabitants of the same geographical area. This collection included substantially all of the cases that are currently on the VE Registry. The experimental design included both case–control and transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT)-based familial association analyses. None of 17 SNPs analysed was significantly associated with VE occurrence. Exclusion of these eight genes based on the lack of association has important implications for identifying the disease agent, as well as prescribing therapy and understanding Viliuisk encephalomyelitis