Effectiveness of esterified whey proteins fractions against Egyptian Lethal Avian Influenza A (H5N1)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Avian influenza A (H5N1) virus is one of the most important public health concerns worldwide. The antiviral activity of native and esterified whey proteins fractions (α- lactalbumin, β- lactoglobulin, and lactoferrin) was evaluated against A/chicken/Egypt/086Q-NLQP/2008 HPAI (H5N1) strain of clade 2.2.1 (for multiplicity of infection (1 MOI) after 72 h of incubation at 37°C in the presence of 5% CO₂) using MDCK cell lines.</p> <p>Result</p> <p>Both the native and esterified lactoferrin seem to be the most active antiviral protein among the tested samples, followed by β- lactoglobulin. α-Lactalbumin had less antiviral activity even after esterification.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Esterification of whey proteins fractions especially lactoferrin and β-lactoglobulin enhanced their antiviral activity against H5N1 in a concentration dependent manner.</p

Controlling Botrytis gray mold in strawberry fruit by bioactive protein isolated from kidney bean

Due to the risks they pose to human and environmental health, there has been a strong push in recent times to reduce the use of chemical fungicides in phytopathogen treatment. In the present study, vicilin was isolated from kidney bean seeds and characterized by SDS-PAGE, zeta potential, and pH solubility curve. The α/ (85 KDa), α (70 KDa), and β (60 KDa) subunits were represented by three distinct protein bands in vicilin. The linear growth of B. cinerea was clearly reduced by 12.96%, 14.81%, 25.92%, 35.18%, and 40.73% in response to vicilin application at 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 µg/ml, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of vicilin-exposed B. cinerea revealed hyphae enlargement and conidia distortion. Addition of vicilin from kidney bean seeds clearly reduced the disease incidence in a concentration-dependent manner (100, 200, and 400 µg/mL). The higher doses (400 µg/mL) of vicilin provided higher activity in decreasing the disease severity of the strawberry fruits. As a sustainable glycoprotein, vicilin, found in kidney bean seeds, can be used to combat postharvest fungal infections

Production, characterization and anticancer activity of <em>Candida bombicola</em> sophorolipids by means of solid state fermentation of sunflower oil cake and soybean oil

The production of sophorolipids by <em>Candida bombicola</em> NRRL Y- 17069 grown in a mixture of sunflower oil cake and crude soybean oil as economic substrates with different fermentation techniques was studied. The highest yield (49.5 g·100 g⁻¹ substrates) was obtained from solid state fermentation after employing a new concept for extraction by methanol (E I) followed by ethyl acetate (E II), then partially purified with hexane (E III). The course of time of fermentation was also studied, and E I extracted of the 12^th day showed the minimum surface tension (45 mN·m⁻¹) at a critical micelle dilution (CMD) of 10% concentration. The produced sophorolipids were characterized and confirmed by FTIR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. The anticancer activity of the produced compounds was assessed against MCF-7, HepG2, A549, HCT116 cancer cell lines and the results revealed that E III and E IV (a mixture of E I & E III) act as promising anticancer agents in HepG2 and A549 by inhibiting urokinase and histone deacetylase activities.<br><br>Se estudió la producción de soforolípidos por <em>Candida bombicola</em> NRRL Y- 17069 cultiva con diferentes técnicas de fermentación en una mezcla de torta de girasol y aceite de soja crudo, como sustratos económicos. El rendimiento más alto (49,5 g·100 g⁻¹ de sustrato) se obtuvo por fermentación en estado sólido después de extraer con metanol (IE) seguido de acetato de etilo (EII), y de purificación parcial con hexano (EIII). También se estudió el tiempo de fermentación, considerando que el extracto IE de 12 días mostró una tensión superficial mínima (45 mN·m⁻¹) a una dilución micelar crítica (CMD) de concentración 10 %. Los soforolípidos producidos se caracterizaron y se confirmaron mediante espectroscopia FTIR y RMN de ¹H. La actividad anticancerígena de los compuestos producidos se evaluó en células MCF-7, HepG2, A549, líneas celulares de cáncer de HCT116 y los resultados revelaron que EIII y EIV (una mezcla de EI y EIII) actúan como prometedores agentes anticancerígenos en HepG2 y A549 inhibiendo las actividades de uroquinasa e histona desacetilasa

Study of the formation of complexes between DNA and esterified dairy proteins

International audienc

Influence of the reaction condistions on the chemical phosphorylation of milk proteins

International audienc

Proteolytic degradation of food proteins

International audienc

Mushroom; Chemistry, Bioactive Components, and Application

Apposite energy is required for body activity. Energy is derived from the oxidation of various biomolecules like carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. These bio-molecules in the proper amount are essential for the structural and functional activities of any living being. Certain vitamins and enzymes are also needed for the maintenance of biochemical processes. Our daily food is the major source of these biomolecules. From the last few decades, researchers have placed giant effort into searching for a food material that can provide nearly all the essential components required to maintain the energy need and consequently, balancing the body’s homeostasis. Mushrooms have the potential to address the above-raised issues. Besides their pleasant flavor and culinary value, mushrooms are an important source of biomolecules that include large macromolecules (protein, carbohydrate, lipid, and nucleic acid) as well as small molecules (primary metabolites, secondary metabolites, and natural products). This chapter discusses the bioactive compounds in edible mushroom and their activities

Peptic hydrolysis of methyl-, ethyl-, and propyl-esters of beta-casein and alpha-lactalbumin

International audienc

Isolation and characterization of antibacterial conglutinins from Lupine seeds

The main target of this work is to discover new protein fractions from natural resources with high antibacterial action. The 7S and 11S globulin fractions, as well as the basic subunit (BS), were isolated from lupine seeds (Lupinus termis), chemically characterized, and screened for antibacterial activity against seven pathogenic bacteria. SDS-PAGE revealed molecular weights ranging from 55 to 75 kDa for 7S globulin, 20–37 kD for 11S globulin, and 20 kD for the BS. 11S globulin and the BS migrated faster on Urea-PAGE toward the cathode compared to 7S globulin. FTIR and NMR showed different spectral patterns between the 7S and 11S globulins but similar ones between 11S globulin and the BS. The MICs of the BS were in the range of 0.05–2 μg/mL against Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria ivanovii, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to higher values for 11S globulin. The BS surpassed 11S globulin in antibacterial action, while 7S globulin showed no effect. The MICs of 11S globulin and the BS represented only 5% and 2.5% of the specific antibiotic against L. monocytogenes, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated different signs of cellular deformation and decay in the protein-treated bacteria, probably due to interaction with the bacterial cell wall and membranes. 11S globulin and the BS can be nominated as effective food biopreservatives