Cooperation in R&D as a leading indicator of innovative activity growth

Purpose: The article is focused on new trends in cooperation activity in research and development in the manufacturing industries of Russia. Various types of cooperation are considered, special attention is paid to research organizations and universities. Design/Methodology/Approach: In the context of this issue, it seems necessary to consider the conceptual framework and information basis for the analysis of scientific activity, to study the problems of scientific and technical cooperation, based on the works of foreign and domestic scientists and to develop indicators of cooperative activities. Finding: Authors proposed to rank the regions of Russia by the level of cooperation activity based on a specially developed hidden indicator. Comparison of the results obtained with regional layers of the costs of R&D suggests that joint research and development activities are typical for those regions that pay considerable attention to development of science. Ranking regions of Russia in terms of cooperative activity allowed identifying the leaders and outsiders of this process. Practical implications: The results of the study can be used in the development of measures of regional development of the country in the implementation of R&D. Originality/Value: To study the impact of the resource base on the cooperative activities of the organization, the authors proposed a composite indicator that includes a wide range of indicators that consider various aspects of cooperative activity.This work was supported by a grant of Russian Foundation for Basic Research №18-010-00564 Modern Tendencies and Social and Economic Consequences of Digital Technologies Development in Russia.peer-reviewe

INVESTIGASI FAKTOR PENENTU KEBERHASILAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MANAJEMEN KUALITAS RANTAI PASOK PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR

Integrasi manajemen mutu dan rantai pasokan memastikan bahwa semua organisasi mitra terkait dapat diukur dan ditingkatkan. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan meneliti serta mengambil informasi dari suatu populasi dan sampel yang ditetapkan secara statistic sebagai acuan dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk menguji asumsi atau hipotesis. Tujuan pengujian hipotesis adalah untuk memutuskan apakah akan menolak atau menerima hipotesis yang sedang diuji. Penelitian ini dalam pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Nonprobability Sampling. dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling.Hipotesis yang telah di uji menggunakan analisis regresi, hasil yang di uji sangat mendukung semua variabel. Dari hasil kesimpulan yang diperoleh, penulis memberi saran dan rekomendasi untuk peneliti selanjutnya yaitu dengan menambahkan variabel Kualitas Sistem Teknologi Informasi ataupun variabel independent lain yang dapat mempengaruhi Manajemen Kualitas Rantai Pasok. Studi ini mengidentifikasi Faktor Keberhasilan Kritis untuk meningkatkan Manajemen Kualitas Rantai Pasok di bawah pengaruh perkembangan Industri 4.0. Fokus pelanggan, Manajemen kualitas pemasok, integrasi proses dan kepemimpinan merupakan faktor positif untuk peningkatan Manajemen Kualitas Rantai Pasok di Perusahaan studi kasus.

Computer in the Work of a Musician

При финансовой поддержке Российского гуманитарного научного фонда, проект № 08-06-14134

Phase diagram analysis and crystal growth of solid solutions Ca_{1-x}Sr_xF_2

The binary phase diagram CaF$_2$--SrF$_2$ was investigated by differential thermal analysis (DTA). Both substances exhibit unlimited mutual solubility with an azeotropic point showing a minimum melting temperature of T_\mathrm{min}=1373^{\circ}$C for the composition Ca$_{0.582}$Sr$_{0.418}$F$_2$. Close to this composition, homogeneous single crystals up to 30 mm diameter without remarkable segregation could be grown by the Czochralski method.Comment: accepted for publication in J. Crystal Growt

Spatial Relationship between Flavoprotein Fluorescence and the Hemodynamic Response in the Primary Visual Cortex of Alert Macaque Monkeys

Flavoprotein fluorescence imaging (FFI) is a novel intrinsic optical signal that is steadily gaining ground as a valuable imaging tool in neuroscience research due to its closer relationship with local metabolism relative to the more commonly used hemodynamic signals. We have developed a technique for FFI imaging in the primary visual cortex (V1) of alert monkeys. Due to the nature of neurovascular coupling, hemodynamic signals are known to spread beyond the locus of metabolic activity. To determine whether FFI signals could provide a more focal measure of cortical activity in alert animals, we compared FFI and hemodynamic point spreads (i.e. responses to a minimal visual stimulus) and functional mapping signals over V1 in macaques performing simple fixation tasks. FFI responses were biphasic, with an early and focal fluorescence increase followed by a delayed and spatially broader fluorescence decrease. As expected, the early fluorescence increase, indicating increased local oxidative metabolism, was somewhat narrower than the simultaneously observed hemodynamic response. However, the later FFI decrease was broader than the hemodynamic response and started prior to the cessation of visual stimulation suggesting different mechanisms underlying the two phases of the fluorescence signal. FFI mapping signals were free of vascular artifacts and comparable in amplitude to hemodynamic mapping signals. These results indicate that the FFI response may be a more local and direct indicator of cortical metabolism than the hemodynamic response in alert animals

Modern Information Technologies in Arts and Culture

При финансовой поддержке Российского гуманитарного научного фонда, проект № 08-06-14135

Metal Industry Development in the Conditions of Formation of New Technological and Institutional Trends

The article emphasizes the important role of metallurgy, which in the conditions o  Industry 4.0 development becomes a “fundamental” (according to the terminology of RAS academician S. Glazyev) industry, which is actively involved in the formation of the core of the sixth technological mode. The key factors of the four industrial revolutions and the corresponding production quantities in the metallurgical industry for the period from 1750 to the present time are adduced forward in the text. The trends in the development of the world ferrous metallurgy are analyzed, which made it possible to formulate the latest technological and institutional tendencies in the development of the industry. It is demonstrated that metallurgical production in Russia, in spite of lagging behind in many respects, for example, labor productivity, sorting efficiency, etc. from the metallurgy of developed countries, still has sufficient potential for the introduction of  the latest technological solutions here, including in the field of information technology. An assessment of the digitization of the metallurgical industry of Russia on the basis of a set of reasonable indicators is brought up in the present work. The importance of the strategic areas is also justified for the development of metallurgy, such as the control of electricity consumption and energy costs, the introduction of effective recovery strategies and the improvement of work safety of the workers, which corresponds to the solution of the most important task – the production of “environmentally friendly metals” (Green Metals). The development of the metallurgical complex of the Sverdlovsk region for the period from 2008 to 2016 is analyzed in details. It is proved that the region has all the necessary prerequisites for the development of modern technological areas here. The possibility of changing the specialization of the region in the direction toward the development of additive production is shown. The main features of the new technological image of metallurgy of the Sverdlovsk region are formed. Keywords: metallurgy, Industry 4.0, technological and institutional trends, digitalization, metallurgical complex of the Sverdlovsk regio

Single Scale for Odor Intensity in Rat Olfaction

SummaryHumans and laboratory animals are thought to discriminate sensory objects using elemental perceptual features computed by neural circuits in the brain [1, 2]. However, it is often difficult to identify the perceptual features that animals use to make specific comparisons. In olfaction, changes in the concentration of a given odor lead to discriminable changes in both its perceived quality [3, 4] and intensity [5, 6]. Humans use perceived intensity to compare quantities of different odors. Here we establish that laboratory rats also use perceived intensity to compare concentrations of different odors and reveal the perceptual organization of this elemental feature. We first trained rats to classify concentrations of single odors as high or low. When subsequently classifying concentrations of two odors presented on different trials of the same session, rats made errors consistent with using a single intensity criterion for both odors. This allowed us to investigate the relative perceived intensity of different odor pairs. Odor intensity was not only a function of concentration, but varied also with molecular weight and exposure time. These findings demonstrate the role of perceived intensity as an elemental perceptual feature of odors in rat olfaction

Impact of Alu repeats on the evolution of human p53 binding sites

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The p53 tumor suppressor protein is involved in a complicated regulatory network, mediating expression of ~1000 human genes. Recent studies have shown that many p53 <it>in vivo </it>binding sites (BSs) reside in transposable repeats. The relationship between these BSs and functional p53 response elements (REs) remains unknown, however. We sought to understand whether the p53 REs also reside in transposable elements and particularly in the most-abundant Alu repeats.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We have analyzed ~160 functional p53 REs identified so far and found that 24 of them occur in repeats. More than half of these repeat-associated REs reside in Alu elements. In addition, using a position weight matrix approach, we found ~400,000 potential p53 BSs in Alu elements genome-wide. Importantly, these putative BSs are located in the same regions of Alu repeats as the functional p53 REs - namely, in the vicinity of Boxes A/A' and B of the internal RNA polymerase III promoter. Earlier nucleosome-mapping experiments showed that the Boxes A/A' and B have a different chromatin environment, which is critical for the binding of p53 to DNA. Here, we compare the Alu-residing p53 sites with the corresponding Alu consensus sequences and conclude that the p53 sites likely evolved through two different mechanisms - the sites overlapping with the Boxes A/A' were generated by CG → TG mutations; the other sites apparently pre-existed in the progenitors of several Alu subfamilies, such as AluJo and AluSq. The binding affinity of p53 to the Alu-residing sites generally correlates with the age of Alu subfamilies, so that the strongest sites are embedded in the 'relatively young' Alu repeats.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The primate-specific Alu repeats play an important role in shaping the p53 regulatory network in the context of chromatin. One of the selective factors responsible for the frequent occurrence of Alu repeats in introns may be related to the p53-mediated regulation of Alu transcription, which, in turn, influences expression of the host genes.</p> <p>Reviewers</p> <p>This paper was reviewed by Igor B. Rogozin (nominated by Pavel A. Pevzner), Sandor Pongor, and I. King Jordan.</p