Variation Among Populations and Correlation Among Seedling Characters of White Jabon (Neolamarckia Cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser) Under Drought and Water Logging Stress

Drought and water logging stress are the most critical environmental factors that affect tree seedling survival and growth in the field. In this study, 12 populations of white jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser) were evaluated to determine the genetic variability among populations and correlation among morpho-physiological seedling characters under drought and water logging stresses. Two research units were carried out by the randomized complete design with 2 x 12 factorial arrangements, i.e. (1) drought stress (2 treatments) and population (12 populations), and (2) water logging stress (2 treatments) and population (12 populations). Results showed that the responses of seedling traits were varied among populations under drought and water logging stresses. White Jabon seedling has higher adaptation to water logging stress than to drought stress. Kampar and Gowa populations have better adaptation to water logging stress. In drought stress, Gowa population had better adaptation followed by Nusa Kambangan population. Seedling height, total biomass and proline content characters based on value of broad sense heritability and correlation among characters, could be considered as important indicators for improvement programs for drought tolerance, while in the water logging stress, height, total biomass, root length and leaf area could be considered as important indicators for improvement program of white Jabon for tolerance on waterlogged sites

Nanostructure Characteristics of Cloned Teak Cepu and Cloned Teak Madiun

In the scope of the research object on nanostructure of cloned teak from two spacing were examined. We have investigated the dimension of cellulose crystallite (thickness and length), degree of crystalinity and microfibril angle from two plantation spacing (i.e. 3 x 3 m and 2 x 6 m). For evaluating all parameters was used Xrd with the radiation source is copper. Wood samples were used from cloned teak cepu and cloned teak Madiun cloned, East Java in Indonesia

Penggunaan Bap Dan Tdz Untuk Perbanyakan Tanaman Gaharu (Aquilaria Malaccensis Lamk.) (the Use of Bap and Tdz for Propagation of Agarwood (Aquilaria Malaccensis Lamk.))

Agarwood (A. malaccensis Lamk.) is one of the important tropical forest trees, which produces a high economically valuable fragrant resinous wood. The increase of agarwood demand from year to year leads to uncontrolled illegal harvest of this plant from its natural habitat. To encounter this problem, there is an urgent need to develop agarwood plantation. Tissue culture is an alternative method to provide genetically good seedlings for plantation in the future due to its short period and mass quantity of planlet production. In addition, through this method, its might also provide homogenous plant, and free pest and diseases. The objectives of the study were (1) to find out the optimal concentration of BAP or TDZ for inducing shoot multiplication of agarwood in in vitro conditions. MS (Murashige And Skoog, 1962), was used as basal media. The experimental design of the research was completely randomized design (RAL) with treatment of BAP concentration (control; 0,50 ppm; 0,75 ppm; 1,0 ppm) or TDZ concentration (control; 0,25 ppm; 0,50 ppm; 0,75 ppm), in 3 units, of replicate every units consist of 4 bottles, every bottle containing one explants coming from axillaries and adventitious shoot explants. Results indicated that two types of agarwood explants grown in vitro in MS basal media containing BAP 0,50 ppm or TDZ 0,25 ppm produced the highest number of shoots and leaves of agarwood plantlets, as well as its plantlet shoot length

Spatial Variability of Fruit and Seedling Growth of Mindi (Melia Azedarach L.) in Community Forest, West Java, Indonesia

Mindi (Melia azedarach L.) is mostly found in community forests of West Java. One of the important factors affecting productivity of community forests is the use of quality seed. Due to scarcity of seed sources, however, seed quality is not easily available. Currently, community forests serve also as ad hoc seed sources that are usually without appropriate quality assessment. This research was aimed to determine baseline information on spatial variability of mindi fruits collected from five seed sources, and seedling growths treated in seven different growing media consisting mixtures of soil, rice husk, sand and cattle manure. Five mindi populations were selected in the following villages: Nagrak (Bogor), Babakan Rema (Kuningan), Padasari (Sumedang), Sukakarya (Bogor) and Gambung (Bandung). The results showed that variability of seed dimension (CV=4.82-14.37%) and seedling growth (11.79-21.77%) were moderate. The mindi fruits from Nagrak were found to be the biggest in terms of size (1.22 ± 0.17 cm), weight (0.40 ± 0.04 g), and seed set (85.47 ± 15.09%). In addition, the seedling growth from Nagrak was also better than those of other villages showing its potential for future seed sources. Growing media containing cattle manure were observed consistently to be the best for seedling growth. The findings are useful in supporting scientifically the selection of seed sources from community forests

Pembuatan Biodiesel Berbahan Baku CPO Menggunakan Reaktor Sentrifugal dengan Variasi Rasio Umpan dan Komposisi Katalis

One of many sources of alternative fuel is biodiesel . Biodiesel production cost is still quite expensive, it need a technology to reduce thecost of biodiesel production . Centrifugal reactor technology is one of the alternative technology of biodiesel production, which is very likely to be developed .Study of biodiesel production using palm oil as the feedstock, methanol as the reagent, and NaOH as catalyst.This research use centrifugal reactor as the reactor, which has a pre-heater for feed, feed tank and pumps. The study was conducted at the reaction temperature of 60ºC with a residence time in the reactor for 2 hours . CPO mixture , methanol , and a catalyst in the feed the reactor with variation in the molar methanol : CPO ( 3:1 , 6:1 , 9:1 , 12:1 ) and the variation of the composition of the catalyst ( 0.5, 0.75, 1 % - w ) . From the results of the study showed that the molar ratio and catalyst composition affects the speed of the reaction to reach equilibrium reaction . The results showed biodiesel using centrifugal reactor reaches a yield of 92.6 % under the conditions of 9:1 molar ratio with 0.75 %-w catalyst . Characteristics of biodiesel produced in the form of viscosity , density , acid number , and flash point of biodiesel are qualified as Indonesian standards of Biodiesel

Intraspecific Variation on Early Growth of Neolamarckia Cadamba Miq. in Provenance-progeny Tests in West Java Province, Indonesia

Genetic parameters on early growth of Neolamarckia cadamba, an indigenous species with potential as a source of wood timber, were estimated in open-pollinated provenance-progeny tests at two sites in West Java Province, Indonesia. The experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design with 12 provenances, 105 families and 5 replications of 4-tree row plots. Total height and root collar diameter were measured at the age of 18 months growth. Significant differences among the provenances and families within provenances were observed for height and collar diameter at all sites, except for the collar diameter of among provenances at Parungpanjang site. In general, Garut (GSJ) provenance performed better growth at the two sites than Kualakencana (KKP) and Nusa Kambangan (NKJ) provenances. The evaluation of component of variance at the two sites showed that the provenance effects (ranging from 0.5 to 1.7%) contributed more to total variance than family within provenance effects(ranging from 0.4 to 0.6%). Genetic correlations between height and collar diameter were weak to moderate. Heritability was low for all traits at Limbangan, while at Parungpanjang, the heritability was moderate. Estimation of genetic gain for height and diameter by proportional selected family 0.30 was 0.13 and 0.18 for Limbangan and 0.31 and 0.16 for Parungpanjang. Heritability measurement should be sustained to reach stable value. Stable heritability combined with selection of family and selection within family will improve genetic gain

Respons Pertumbuhan Beberapa Varietas Sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor L.) Pada Tanah Salin Dengan Pemberian Giberelin

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons pertumbuhan beberapa varietas sorgum pada tanah salin dengan pemberian giberelin. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Lahan Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan pada bulan Juli sampai Oktober 2015, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan dua faktor perlakuan yaitu varietas (Kawali, Numbu, Super 2) dan konsentrasi giberelin (0, 100 dan 200 ppm). Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, umur berbunga, kehijauan daun dan berat malai per sampel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perlakuan varietas berbeda nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, umur berbunga, bobot malai per sampel. Perlakuan pemberian giberelin dan interaksinya tidak berbeda nyata