Enhancement of The Participation of Elderly people in Posyandu Health Services in Sunggal District Towards Healthy Living

Elderly people have susceptible to degenerative diseases that increase with their age. In Sunggal District, the number of elderly people is quite high as much as 8759 people, however, elderly people who have utilized the posyandu health services are still low. This impacted on the risk of degenerative diseases. The aim of this activity was trained cadres of posyandu to improve their performance, monitor the health status of elderly people, and educate them on the importance of monitoring health status. In this activity, training was carried out for the cadres to improve their performance in the implementation of posyandu. From the health status examination of elderly people, we found that many elderly people have a risk of metabolic syndrome, 47.76% of elderly people with obese, 40.30% of elderly people with systolic hypertension and 28.36% with diastolic hypertension, 20.90% of elderly people with high blood glucose levels, and 32.84% of elderly people with high cholesterol. Health education regarding monitoring health status through posyandu health services and improvement of the performance of cadres in the implementation of posyandu is necessary to enhance the participation of the elderly people in healthy living. Furthermore, it was expected that the performance of cadres in the implementation of posyandu will increase and the elderly people will regularly check their health status

EARLY DETECTION OF HYPERTENSION IN ELDERLY AND IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LIFE THROUGH HEALTHY LIFE BEHAVIOR

Hypertension is common in the elderly. The diseases is related to unhealthy lifestyles include unhealthy food habitual and lack of physical activity. Delay in detecting and handling have an impact on the quality of life. The community service had been carried out at Tanjung Anom Village, Pancurbatu subdistrict, Deli Serdang. The purpose of  this activity to detect hypertension  through health examination (Height, weight, waist size, blood pressure, blood  sugar levels, cholesterol, and uric acid  level), followed by education on healthy lifestyles and elderly gymnastic exercise and preparation of  healthy menu. Of the 49 elderly were present, 26 people (53.1%) were obese, 12 people (24.5%) had diastolic hypertension, and 30 people (61.2%) were at the stage of prehypertension. Based on risk factors, 7 people (14.3%) had high blood glucose levels, as many as 38 people (77.6%) had high cholesterol levels and 28 people (57.1%) with high uric acid levels. From the results, most of elderly have high blood pressure. In the effort to reduce the number of hypertensive patients in the elderly, it is necessary to early detection and applied a healthy lifestyle

PENANGANAN NON BEDAH PADA TRAUMA KAPITIS

Capitis trauma is a problem in the field of neurology, as the most common cause of death in young adults (<45 years) and a major cause of disability. Of the 2 million emergency patients, 25% are caused by capitis trauma, which can cause neurological disorders and structural damage to the brain resulting in decreased consciousness. In developing countries, including Indonesia, the frequency of capitis trauma tends to increase. Capitis trauma can occur at any age, most often regarding the productive age group (15-44 years). The frequency of capitis trauma is higher in males than females with a ratio of 4: 1. The most common cause is due to accidents by 60%. Capitis trauma in terms of neurological aspects requires operative therapy and non-operative therapy. Non-operative treatment can be done by maintaining the airway / ventilation, maintaining fluid balance, maintaining temperature, neurological examination and administration of drugs such as dexamethasone, anti-seizure administration, administration of hypertonic fluids such as manithol and administration of stress ulcer drugs

Community Empowerment in The Prevention of Stunting for Children Under Five : by Optimizing the Role of Cadres, Health Education and Family Assistance

Stunting is a health problem needs serious attention. In Bagan Deli Village, the proportion of children who are stunted was 10.37% and children with poor nutritional status was 2.9%. It has an impact on growth disorders, immune system, and furthermore, impaired children's intelligence. Optimizing the role of cadres and family involvement in stunting prevention is necessary. The aims of this activity was to educate cadres and parents in monitoring the growth of children under five, nutritional intake of children and implement of nutritional intake in daily life. From this activity, it can be seen that the cadres' knowledge increases in monitoring the growth and nutrition of children under five after training. From the health status examining  on children, it was found that 33.3% of children under five were malnourished, 33.3% were with poor nutrition and 33.3% were with good nutrition. Education and family assistance are provided to parents in preparing a balanced healthy menu for children. It was suggested that parents prepared daily healthy menu  and monitoring the nutrition of children under five. Therefore, community empowerment in preventing stunting in children under five is necessar

Recommendation strategies for the prevention and control of high morbidity of dengue hemorrhagic fever in North Sumatera province

Background: The incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in North Sumatera Province remains high despite effort to control it. Objectives : This study aimed to document information about the adequacy of the current Indonesia surveillance system for DHF and factors responsible for high DHF transmission. These will be used for recommending strategies for the prevention and control for DHF in North Sumatera Province. Material and Methods: Five study designs were adopted in this study. In the exploratory study, all key personnels involved in the surveillance system for DHF at the district and health facility levels in the selected six districts were interviewed to determine the function and performance of the surveillance system. The case cohort study recruited a total of 682 respondents with case: subcohort ratio 1:1. Simple and Multiple logistic regression were applied to determine the factors associated with DHF. For the comparative cross sectional study, 688 households both in high and low incidence district were selected using multistage sampling. Simple and Multiple logistic regression were again applied to determine the factors associated with DHF among the households in districts with high incidence. In the entomology study, Independent T test and Two Way Anova were used to determine the effect of larvae positive containers on DHF transmission, whereas for larvae and adult indices Simple and Multiple logistic regression were applied. Theclimatic study utilises monthly a years climatic (2003-2011) secondary data. The relationship between climatic and dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence was determined by Pearson correlation and the impact of climates on DHF incidence by Time series regression. Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model was then developed to predict the occurrence of DHF. Results : The structure of DHF surveillance system was good but suboptimum with major deficiencies that include unavailability of guidelines, insufficient resources and poor core and supportive functions. Socio-cultural and environmental factors associated with DHF incidence were investigated through case–cohort and comparative cross sectional studies. Significant factors include experience with DHF in family, travelling history, length of stay, frequency of cleaning water container, frequency of cleaning garbage disposal, education, knowledge, practices in preventive measure, source of drinking water, house style and house with gutter. Aedes larvae and adult indices were above the critical level especially in the high incidence districts with house indices as the predictor for dengue transmission. Climatic factors that include rainfall, rainy days, temperature and relative humidity were significantly associated with DHF incidence. SARIMA model (0,1,1)(0,1,1)12 was able to predict DHF occurrence. Conclusion: The existing surveillance system for DHF need to be strengthened in every aspect. Socio-cultural and environmental factors associated with DHF should be addressed and controlled. Measures should be taken to eliminate or being down the density of Aedes vectors. Climatic factors should be integrated in the national prevention and control program for DHF

HUBUNGAN KUALITAS TIDUR DENGAN 5 INDIKATOR SINDROMA METABOLIK PADA PERAWAT DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT HAJI ADAM MALIK MEDAN

 ABSTRACTHigh death rate caused by non-transmitted diseases in the world is begun with metabolic syndrome in human beings such the increase in IMT (Body Mass Index) to be obesity, the increase in blood pressure to be hypertension, the increase in blood glucose to be diabetes mellitus, and abnormality of triglycerides, and  HDL cholesterol. Many factors which trigger the indicator abnormality, and of them is bad sleep quality. The research used cross sectional design by analyzing the correlation between sleep quality and 5 metabolic syndrome indicator in female nurses in the operation room of Adam Malik Medan hospital. Sleep quality was measured by using questionnaire of Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), body height and weight were measured to get IMT value, blood pressure was measured by using tensimeter, blood glucose and blood lipid were measured by getting the respondent’s vena blood samples. The data were processed and analysis with independent t-test.The result with independent t-test showed that there was significant difference in IMT (sig=0,003), systolic blood pressure (sig=0,028), and fasting blood glucose content (sig=0,00). However, there was no significant difference in trigliyceride content (sig=0,519), HDL cholesterol content (sig=0,300),). The conclusion was that sleep quality was correlated with three metabolic syndrome indicators: IMT, blood pressure, and blood glucose content, but there was no correlation with trigliyceride and HDL cholesterol.Keywords: Sleep Quality, Metabolic Syndrome , T-Test,

Factors Associated with Hypertension Control Behavior in the Pre-Elderly Group in Padangsidimpuan City

Indonesia is currently facing a double burden of disease, namely communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases, where behavior is one of the causes of changes in the pattern of these diseases. One of the non-communicable diseases which is the main cause of premature death in the world, namely hypertension is a silent killer with the highest prevalence rate in Indonesia. Untreated hypertension can cause complications. The elderly population is the most vulnerable population suffering from hypertension. One of the areas in North Sumatra with an ever-increasing number of cases of hypertension is Padangsidimpuan City. This study aims to analyze factors related to hypertension control behavior in the pre-elderly group in Padangsidimpuan City. This type of research is quantitative analytic with cross sectional design. The total population in this study was 3104 with a total sample of 237 obtained using cluster sampling and proportional random sampling. The instrument in this study used a questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed by univariate, bivariate, and multivariate using multiple logistic regression tests. The results showed that there was a relationship between intention (p=0.002), knowledge (p=<0.001), attitude (p=<0.001), affordability of information (p=<0.001), availability of facilities and infrastructure (p=0.020), and support social status (p=0.002) with hypertension control behavior. Multivariate analysis shows that the attitude variable is the variable most related to the behavior of the elderly in controlling hypertension with a Prevalence Ratio (RP) value of 4.869. The pre-elderly group is expected to be more active in adopting a healthy lifestyle, and an active role from the family and health workers is needed in providing support to hypertension sufferers to implement hypertension control behavior and avoid complications. Keywords:  Behavior, Hypertension Control, Pre-Elderl

The Relationship of Physical Activity and Obesity with the Incidence of Hypertension in Adults Aged 26-45 Years in Medan

BACKGROUND: The incidence rate of hypertension is increasing in Indonesia concerning unhealthy behaviours such as unhealthy physical activity and eating pattern which trigger obesity. In Indonesia, the prevalence of hypertension in > 18-year-old people was 34.1% in 2018. AIM: The objective of the research was to find out the relationship between physical activity and obesity with the incidence of hypertension in adults (26-45 years old) in Medan. METHODS: The research was done in Medan, using a case-control study design. The samples were 150 hypertension patients, taken by using proportional allocation: 75 of them were in the case group and the other 75 of them were in the control group. The data were gathered by conducting interviews, measurement, and questionnaires and analysed by using simple logistic regression test. RESULTS: The result of the research showed that there was significant relationship of physical activity (p = 0.000; OR = 3.6; 95% CI, 1.802-7.270) and obesity (p = 0.000; OR = 4; 95% CI, 2.030-7.900) with the incidence of hypertension in 26-45-year-old respondents. CONCLUSION: Make a habit of a healthy lifestyle in their daily life by doing physical activity regularly and good eating pattern to forestall hypertension

Physical Activity, Obesity, Family History, and Their Associations with Hypertension among the Elderly in Aceh Singkil, Aceh

Background: Hypertension is an important global health challenge due to its high prevalence and resulting cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to examine the associations of physical activity, obesity, family history, with hypertension among the elderly in Aceh Singkil, Aceh.Subjects and Method: This was a case control study carried out in Aceh Singkil, Aceh, Indo­ne­sia. A sample of 132 elderly was selected for this study, consis­t­ing 66 elderly with hyper­tension and 66 elderly without hypertension. The depen­dent variable was hypertension. The independent variables were physical activity, obesity, and fa­mily history. Hypertension data was measured by sphygmo­ma­nometer. The other data were collected by qu­e­s­tionnaire. The data were analy­zed by a multiple logistic regression model.Results: Hypertension was associated with phy­sical inactivity (OR= 5.12; 95% CI=2.41 to 10.86; p<0.001), obesity (OR= 3.30; 95% CI= 1.61 to 6.74; p<0.001), and family history (OR=7.73; 95% CI=3.56 to 16.78; p<0.001).Conclusion: Physical activity, obesity, and fa­mily history, are associated with an increased risk of hypertension.Keywords: physical activity, obesity, family history, hypertensionCorrespondence: Ricca Nophia Amra. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera. Email: ricca.ubudiyah­@­gmail.­com. Mobile: 085260686305Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2020), 5(1): 45-51https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2020.05.01.0

THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL CONDITIONS OF HOME AND WORK ENVIRONMENT ON THE EVENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN CONSTRUCTION WORKERS

Tuberculosis (TB) is a directly-infectious disease caused by tuberculosis bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that are airborne through droplets or nuclei when a patient coughs and the saliva droplets containing the bacteria are inhaled by another person while breathing. The research investigates the effect of the physical conditions of the house and working environment on the pulmonary TB events among construction workers in the Asahan Regency. It is an analytic epidemiological survey with a case-control design, and involves examining the entire population amounting to 74 people: the first 37 suffered from pulmonary TB and worked as construction workers (case-group), and the other 37 didn't suffer from pulmonary TB and worked as construction workers (control-group). They were analyzed by using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis. The results showed that the types of floor (p=0.040), lighting (p=0.027), wall (p=0.034), working lengths (p=0.102), and masks uses (p=0.000) have affected pulmonary TB events. In this case, the use of masks (p=0.003) was the most dominant variable. This study suggests counseling on healthy houses for families who are prone to pulmonary TB. Good types of lighting, floor, and wall can be useful in every house to reduce the risk of TB developing to last for a long period or leading to death